Calculation and Analysis for Pressure Vessel Rupture Study Under Fire in Plant

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyasu Ito ◽  
Akira Tsuruoka ◽  
Yoshiyuki Waki ◽  
Hiroko Osedo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Vessel Rupture

In case of fire occurring in an Oil and Gas facility, pressurized vessels may be exposed to fire. Though the entire system will be depressurized once a fire is detected, vessels may rupture, leading to risk of flammable, toxic or cryogenic fluid being released. Therefore, pressure vessels should be designed to withstand internal pressure without rupture in fire situations, at least until the system pressure can be decreased to a safe level. A pressure vessel rupture study should be conducted in addition to design code calculation to ensure a safe design in case of fire. As part of the recent trend for safer plant design, demand for pressure vessel rupture studies is growing. In our previous presentation (PVP2015-45260 [1]), the material data for carbon steel (SA-516 Gr.70) and stainless steel (SA240 SUS type304 and SUS type304L) at the high temperature range were obtained by material testing and presented as our study result. For the present research, pressure vessel rupture studies were performed for carbon steel and stainless steel using FEM analysis and calculation methods in published design guidelines for various conditions (e.g. heating area and shell thickness, etc.). In conclusion, a procedure for pressure vessel rupture study is proposed.

Dynamic Material Test and Analysis for Rupture Study for Pressure Vessel Exposed to Fire in Plant

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Kawai ◽  
Yasuhiro Mitarai ◽  
Yoshiyuki Waki ◽  
Yoko Yamabe-Mitarai ◽  
Kazuhiro Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Material Data ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Vessel Rupture

In case of fire occurring in an Oil and Gas facility, pressurized vessels may be exposed to fire. Though the entire system will be depressurized once a fire is detected, vessels may rupture, leading to risk of flammable, toxic or cryogenic fluid being released into atmosphere. Therefore, pressure vessels should be designed to withstand internal pressure without rupture during exposure to fire, at least until the system pressure can be decreased to a safe level. A pressure vessel rupture study should be conducted in addition to design code calculation in order to ensure a safe design in case of fire. As part of the recent trend for safer plant design, demand for pressure vessel rupture studies is growing and becoming a necessary requirement. In our previous presentation (PVP2015-45260 [1]), the material data for carbon steel (SA-516 Gr.70) and stainless steel (SA240 type304 and type304L) at high temperature range were obtained through material testing and were presented as our study result. And in the other presentation (PVP2016-63184 [6]) that we’ve made, procedure for pressure vessel rupture study by FEM using the above mentioned material data was developed. For the present research, material testing in a dynamic condition wherein a more similar condition to an actual fire case were performed and comparison between the test results and FEM analysis was done. In conclusion, recommendation for the application of the pressure vessel rupture study was justified and necessity for further development of the above mentioned study was determined.

Material Test and Analysis for Pressure Vessel Rupture Study Under Fire in Plant

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyasu Itoh ◽  
Yoshiyuki Waki ◽  
Kazuyuki Kasuya
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Fire Incident ◽  
Vessel Rupture

In case fire incident occurs in Oil and Gas plant, pressure vessels will be exposed to fire. Though entire system will be depressurized when the fire is detected, internal pressure may still remain in the pressure vessels. Therefore, pressure vessels, if leakage of its internal fluids will escalate the incident, shall be confirmed that they will withstand internal pressure without rupture at least until internal pressure is decreased down to safe level. For design for such critical pressure vessel, a pressure vessel rupture study is conducted in addition to design code calculations. As safer plant design is requested in recent projects, demands for the pressure vessel rupture study are also growing. In this research, material data at high temperature range, that are necessary to obtain reliable results by the pressure vessel rupture study, were measured for carbon steel and stainless steel type304 and type304L. In addition, pressure vessel rupture studies were performed for two sample pressure vessels by means of FEM analyses and calculation methods in published design guidelines.

Disruptive Failure of Pressure Vessels: Preliminary Design Guidelines for Fragment Velocity and the Extent of the Hazard Zone

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Hazard Zone ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Vessel Rupture

In the event of an accident, an industrial plant must be capable of being shut down in a safe, controlled manner. Thus, when a plant containing high-pressure fluids is being designed, the potential damage to essential shut-down equipment resulting from rupture of the pressure envelope must be assessed and, where necessary, protection provided. For example, pressure vessel rupture may generate missiles; i.e., sections of the pressure envelope become detached and are accelerated to significant velocities by the expanding fluid contents. An assessment of the consequences of pressure vessel rupture must therefore include estimates of the likely extent of the missile impact zone and the potential damage to equipment within that zone, which are both functions of the missile velocity. This paper describes preliminary guidelines for defining the velocity of the various types of missile which can be generated by pressure vessel failure. The recommended velocities are based on experimental evidence, including a large body of previously unpublished BNL (Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories) data. The extent of the hazard zone is also considered.

A Noncyclic Method for Determination of Accumulated Strain in Stainless Steel 304 Pressure Vessels

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongfeng Jiang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Yiliang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoliang Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Elastic Domain ◽  
Ratcheting Strain ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Accumulated Strain

Experimental results of uniaxial ratcheting tests for stainless steel 304 (SS304) under stress-controlled condition at room temperature showed that the elastic domain defined in this paper expands with accumulation of plastic strain. Both ratcheting strain and viscoplastic strain rates reduce with the increase of elastic domain, and the total strain will be saturated finally. If the saturated strain and corresponded peak stress of different experimental results under the stress ratio R ≥ 0 are plotted, a curve demonstrating the material shakedown states of SS304 can be constituted. Using this curve, the accumulated strain in a pressure vessel subjected to cyclic internal pressure can be determined by only an elastic-plastic analysis, and without the cycle-by-cycle analysis. Meanwhile, a physical experiment of a thin-walled pressure vessel subjected to cyclic internal pressure has been carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this noncyclic method. By comparison, the accumulated strains evaluated by the noncyclic method agreed well with those obtained from the experiments. The noncyclic method is simpler and more practical than the cycle-by-cycle method for engineering design.

Use of Duplex Stainless Steel in Economic Design of a Pressure Vessel

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Veljkovic ◽  
Jonas Gozzi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Economic Design ◽  
European Standard

Pressure vessels have been used for a long time in various applications in oil, chemical, nuclear, and power industries. Although high-strength steels have been available in the last three decades, there are still some provisions in design codes that preclude a full exploitation of its properties. This was recognized by the European Equipment Industry and an initiative to improve economy and safe use of high-strength steels in the pressure vessel design was expressed in the evaluation report (Szusdziara, S., and McAllista, S., EPERC Report No. (97)005, Nov. 11, 1997). Duplex stainless steel (DSS) has a mixed structure which consists of ferrite and austenite stainless steels, with austenite between 40% and 60%. The current version of the European standard for unfired pressure vessels EN 13445:2002 contains an innovative design procedure based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA), called Design by Analysis-Direct Route (DBA-DR). According to EN 13445:2002 duplex stainless steels should be designed as a ferritic stainless steels. Such statement seems to penalize the DSS grades for the use in unfired pressure vessels (Bocquet, P., and Hukelmann, F., 2001, EPERC Bulletin, No. 5). The aim of this paper is to present an investigation performed by Luleå University of Technology within the ECOPRESS project (2000-2003) (http://www.ecopress.org), indicating possibilities towards economic design of pressure vessels made of the EN 1.4462, designation according to the European standard EN 10088-1 Stainless steels. The results show that FEA with von Mises yield criterion and isotropic hardening describe the material behaviour with a good agreement compared to tests and that 5% principal strain limit is too low and 12% is more appropriate.

Bursting of Tubular Specimens by Gaseous Detonation

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Randall ◽  
I. Ginsburgh
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Specimen ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Gaseous Detonation ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Steel Tubing ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Tubular Specimens

The paper describes some experimental work designed to investigate the bursting of pipe and pressure vessels by gaseous detonation. The test specimens were 3.25-in-OD tubes, 12 in. long, and of 0.040 to 0.070-in. wall thickness. The specimens, cut from hot-rolled carbon-steel pipe, and also from drawn carbon-steel tubing, were tested at several temperatures, which were chosen to produce failures both above and below the brittle transition temperatures for the two materials. In addition, an austenitic stainless-steel specimen was tested under very severe conditions in several unsuccessful attempts to fragment it.

Production of Metallurgically Cladded Pipes for High End Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo Reichel ◽  
Jochem Beissel ◽  
Vitaliy Pavlyk ◽  
Gernot Heigl
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
High Corrosion ◽  
Manufacturing Procedure ◽  
Longitudinal Welds

The paper describes the different industrially used options to produce a clad pipe and explains in detail the manufacture of metallurgically cladded pipes starting with the production of roll bonded plates. In plate manufacturing the advantages as well as the limitations of thermo-mechanical (TM) rolling are discussed. The TM-technology is shown to improve weldability, HIC-resistance, strength and toughness properties of the carbon steel section of the pipe. Moreover, it also improves corrosion resistance of the CRA layer. The pipe manufacturing procedure, which involves two welding technologies for longitudinal welds is described. The carbon steel parts of the pipe are joined using double-sided multi-pass Submerged-Arc-Welding (SAW). The single-pass Electroslag-Welding (ESW) is subsequently used for recladding of the CRA layer. The multi-pass SAW results in excellent mechanical properties of the weld joint, whereas the ESW technique ensures low dilution of CRA with the carbon steel, a smooth weld bead shape and a high corrosion resistance of the deposited layer. With the aid of thermodynamic modeling and numerical simulations it is shown, that the high corrosion resistance is promoted by an intensive mixing within the ESW weld pool and relatively low segregation level of Cr and Mo during solidification. Furthermore, FEM analysis is applied to examine the plastic deformation and residual stresses distribution in the pipe during forming, welding and final calibration. The obtained information assists in optimization of manufacturing procedure, and can also be included in prediction of resulting pipe fatigue during operation.

Circular Braiding Process Simulation for a Pressure Vessel

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan H. van Ravenhorst ◽  
Remko Akkerman
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Series Production ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandrel Diameter ◽  
Filament Winding Process ◽  
High Repeatability

Pressure vessel manufacturing is currently dominated by the filament winding process. When higher production rates are required, circular braiding can be considered as an alternative because hundreds of yarns are deposited simultaneously from interlacing spools. The process has a high repeatability and is suited for automated series production, as is currently shown with the production of a-pillars and rockers in the automotive industry. Important manufacturing constraints related to the overbraiding of cylindrical pressure vessels are to avoid excessive jamming of the braid, typically occurring at a small mandrel radius, and to achieve a 100% cover factor at the largest mandrel diameter. In this paper, design guidelines for braiding of cylindrical pressure vessels are proposed. It is shown that a proper choice of the yarn cross-sectional area size and of yarn width-to-thickness aspect ratio can improve the design feasibility, but an adjustment of the braid angle can be required as well.

Flaw Size Acceptance Limits for a Stainless Steel Pressure Vessel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo E. Guzman-Leong ◽  
Stephen R. Gosselin ◽  
Frederic A. Simonen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Flaw Size ◽  
Ductile Tearing ◽  
Size Acceptance ◽  
Acceptance Levels ◽  
Size Limits

The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section XI provides flaw size acceptance standards for ferritic steel pressure vessels. Section XI Table IWB-3510-1 presents allowable flaw size limits in terms of flaw depth, length and vessel thickness. These flaw size limits are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics calculations that assume a brittle fracture failure mode. As yet, no allowable flaw size standards are provided in Section XI for stainless steel reactor or non-reactor pressure vessels. This paper presents allowable flaw size limits for a stainless steel pressure vessel. These limits were based on elastic plastic fracture mechanics analyses that considered limit load and ductile tearing failure modes. Although the flaw acceptance levels were developed for a specific stainless steel vessel, insights gained from this work may be useful in a general methodology for ASME Code purposes. Tabulated flaw size acceptance levels, for several aspect ratios and inspection intervals, are presented for the axial shell welds. Results show the axial seam welds were the most flaw sensitive of the various welds analyzed. The acceptable flaw sizes were limited by the ductile tearing failure mode.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document