Factors Associated with Online Hate Acceptance: A Cross-National Six-Country Study among Young Adults

The Internet, specifically social media, is among the most common settings where young people encounter hate speech. Understanding their attitudes toward the phenomenon is crucial for combatting it because acceptance of such content could contribute to furthering the spread of hate speech as well as ideology contamination. The present study, theoretically grounded in the General Aggression Model (GAM), investigates factors associated with online hate acceptance among young adults. We collected survey data from participants aged 18–26 from six countries: Finland (n = 483), France (n = 907), Poland (n = 738), Spain (n = 739), the United Kingdom (n = 959), and the United States (n = 1052). Results based on linear regression modeling showed that acceptance of online hate was strongly associated with acceptance of violence in all samples. In addition, participants who admitted to producing online hate reported higher levels of acceptance of it. Moreover, association with social dominance orientation was found in most of the samples. Other sample-specific significant factors included participants’ experiences with the Internet and online hate, as well as empathy and institutional trust levels. Significant differences in online hate acceptance levels and the strength of its connections to individual factors were found between the countries. These results provide important insights into the phenomenon, demonstrating that online hate acceptance is part of a larger belief system and is influenced by cultural background, and, therefore, it cannot be analyzed or combatted in isolation from these factors.

Assessing intermittent saline inflows in urban water systems

Urban water drainage systems' primary function is to transport sanitary or stormwater. The intrusion of saline waters has recognized detrimental effects. Especially in coastal areas, saline inflows can compromise performance by increasing the risk of untreated discharges, weakening the structural condition of concrete or metallic components, reducing the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes and limiting the potential reuse for irrigation. Performance deterioration can be prevented by an early assessment of exposure to saline water, followed by timely actions to control its causes and consequences. The paper describes a procedure for diagnosing undue saline inflows. The procedure is based on the determination of saline inflow's magnitude, acceptance levels, and contribution to the system's performance. Contextual factors and performance indicators, and their reference values, are selected for the assessment. Options to address the problem are proposed, depending on the results. These options can relate to organizational, operational, and structural actions. Application to a case study allowed to validate the method and discuss the results. Here, saline volumes entering the system are quite relevant (almost 30%), posing problems regarding corrosion, treatment plant operation and significant concrete exposure to intermittent saline waters.

Relationship between Uncertainty Tolerance and Acceptance in Postoperative Patients with Cervical Cancer

Background and Objectives: The main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between uncertainty tolerance and positive acceptance of post-surgical patients with cervical cancer and provide reference opinions for gynecological nurses to carry out targeted health education for patients. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Nishtar Hospital Multan with the collaboration of BVH and Avicenna Hospital, Lahore during March 2021 to September 2021. The "Uncertainty Tolerance Scale" and "Positive Acceptance Scale" were used to investigate 233 post-operative patients of cervical cancer. Results: The uncertainty tolerance and acceptance aggressiveness scores were 3.74±0.34 and 1.96±0.20, respectively, with a significant correlation coefficient between uncertainty tolerance and acceptance aggressiveness (r= -0.516, P<0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that the uncertainty tolerance and positive acceptance levels of patients after cervical cancer surgery were low and were negatively correlated with each other. The gynecological nurses should consider the patients' uncertainty tolerance post-surgery and develop tailored health education and intervention programs to improve the positive acceptance level of post-surgical patients with cervical cancer.

Social acceptance levels of normal developed students towards disable students

<span>The study aimed to examine whether there is a significant difference between the social acceptance levels of the students with disabilities in the middle school students with normal development according to the variables of gender, grade level, number of siblings, and income level. This study was carried out in general screening model with appropriate sampling model. The universe of this research consists of 6th and 7th grade students. The sample of the study consists of 220 students. Social acceptance scale was used to collect data. One-way analysis of variance (t-test) were calculated using test techniques. As a result of the research, it was observed that the average score of peer attitude of female students was higher than male students. No significant difference was found between the social acceptance scale subscales, social skills, and student behavior subscales and social acceptance scale total scores of students with normal development according to their grade level. According to the number of participants’ siblings, a significant difference was found between the student behavior subscale of the social acceptance scale and the total score averages of the social acceptance scale.</span>

Political Discourse in the Maghreb: An Analysis of Amazigh Identity in Algeria and Morocco

The Imazighen (plural of Amazigh) are an indigenous group primarily located in Northern and Western Africa. While Amazigh communities are present across the Maghreb, the role of Amazigh identity in Morocco and Algeria is of particular interest given each country's distinct treatment of ethnic and linguistic minorities. In Algeria, Amazigh identity is not as overtly politicized as in Morocco, wherein Amazigh communities are often at the forefront of public discourses and are often scapegoated as a source of political instability. Compared to Morocco, Algerian Imazighen generally experience higher acceptance levels due to numerous social, political, historical, and geographic factors that underpin the treatment and perceptions of Amazighté in Morocco and Algeria today. This article analyzes Algeria and Morocco's respective independence movements, political systems, language laws, and geographic topography to link the contemporary role of Amazigh identity to each national setting's unique history, politics, and geography.

The Influence of Rice Protein, Hemp Protein and Transglutaminase Addition on the Quality of Instant Fried Noodles

The goal of this study was to determine the effect of rice and hemp protein addition together with transglutaminase on the quality and fat content of fried instant noodles. The following parameters have been analyzed during this research: the amount of water, fat content, hydration time, color and texture parameters. The evaluation of sensory parameters before and after cooking of instant noodles has been performed. It can be concluded that the addition of TGase significantly decreased the fat content; the recipe with a 3% hemp protein addition with TGase in an amount of 2% was the most promising solution to obtain a low-fat product. On the other hand, the better consumer acceptance levels were observed for the rice protein addition (1%) with 2% TGase. It seems that the most promising product is the sample with a 5% addition of rice protein with 2% TGase-a reduction in the fat content by 30% (from 25% to 16%). The addition of rice protein, hemp protein and TGase reduced the fat content of the instant noodles in comparison to the control sample. The additives used had an impact on the L*, a* and b* color parameters. All instant noodles obtained during the research process were characterized by a short hydration time, which did not exceed 5 min. During the sensory evaluation, analyzed samples of the instant noodles obtained scores higher than 4.2 points on a five-point scale.

Tourism and intraregional transport: The assimilation of local transport in tourist destination – the perception of Lisbon’s residents

This article aims to analyze the importance that scientific research has given to tourists’ transport, understand the perception of visitors on the adequacy of intraregional transport in the visited destinations, understand the value different type of transports assume in tourist visits, identify the most used means of locomotion in a tourist destination and evaluate the acceptance levels of a tourist transport circuit organized with crossing points at the main touristic attractions, where visitors can leave their vehicles in strategically located car depots. In this case study, 226 valid respondents were considered. The main conclusion of this research is that Portuguese visitors do not consider adequate the supply of public and collective transportation in the national destinations they visit. Not only, most travellers do not use this type of transport to reach a travel destination as, once there, they won’t use it. Different factors influence the choice of the travel transportation but if the destination provides efficient supply of collective transportation or environmental vehicles for individual use, visitors are willing to drop their vehicles in car deposits outside touristic centres.

What Does the Psychological Flexibility Model Contribute to the Relationship Between Depression and Disability in Chronic Pain? The Role of Cognitive Fusion and Pain Acceptance

This study examines the mediator role of cognitive fusion between depressive symptoms, activity avoidance and excessive persistence at different levels of pain acceptance (moderator) among fibromyalgia patients (FM). Using a sample of 231 women, multiple and moderate mediation analyses were conducted with PROCESS. Results showed that depression was positively associated with activity avoidance and excessive persistence. Furthermore, cognitive fusion and pain acceptance were found to mediate the effect of depression in both patterns. Additionally, pain acceptance was found to play a contextual role in cognitive fusion, as a moderator, between depressive symptoms and maladaptive patterns. Specifically, FM patients with high acceptance levels and low levels of depression presented the strongest associations between depression and cognitive fusion. Techniques aimed at reducing cognitive fusion, could be especially beneficial to FM women with high pain acceptance.