Modelling of Broadband Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengxi Zhou ◽  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Chengbin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilevers

A nonlinear magnetic coupling model for piezoelectric energy harvesting systems is proposed in this paper. For the purpose of enhancing harvesting efficiency from wide-spectrum vibrations, a magnetic coupling structure of piezoelectric cantilevers is presented. However, the nonlinear dynamic of broadband piezoelectric energy harvesters could not be adequately described due to complex nonlinear magnetic force. Furthermore, the broken frequency can not be predicted using the designed dimensionless model. In order to solve those issues, the nonlinear magnetic force is established using polynomial equation. Based on Hamilton principle and finite element theory, a nonlinear model of the standard piezoelectric cantilever with magnetic coupling is established. Frequency sweeping experiments with various excitation are carried out. The results show that the output characteristic of the proposed model is approximate to that of experimental system under the same condition, and also their broken frequency is very close.

Multimodal pizza-shaped piezoelectric vibration-based energy harvesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110069
Author(s):  
Virgilio J Caetano ◽  
Marcelo A Savi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Energy harvesting from ambient vibration through piezoelectric devices has received a lot of attention in recent years from both academia and industry. One of the main challenges is to develop devices capable of adapting to diverse sources of environmental excitation, being able to efficiently operate over a broadband frequency spectrum. This work proposes a novel multimodal design of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system to harness energy from a wideband ambient vibration source. Circular-shaped and pizza-shaped designs are employed as candidates for the device, comparing their performance with classical beam-shaped devices. Finite element analysis is employed to model system dynamics using ANSYS Workbench. An optimization procedure is applied to the system aiming to seek a configuration that can extract energy from a broader frequency spectrum and maximize its output power. A comparative analysis with conventional energy harvesting systems is performed. Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the harvester performances under harmonic and random excitations. Results show that the proposed multimodal harvester has potential to harness energy from broadband ambient vibration sources presenting performance advantages in comparison to conventional single-mode energy harvesters.

Dynamic Response of Spiral Cantilever Undergoing Magnetic Coupling

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1440021
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Bai ◽  
Yumei Wen ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Xiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Magnetic Transducer ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Tip Mass

Cantilever beams have found intensive and extensive uses as underlying mechanisms for energy transduction in sensors as well as in energy harvesters. In magnetoelectric (ME) transduction, the underlying cantilever beam usually will undergo magnetic coupling effect. As the beam itself is either banded with magnetic transducer or magnets, the dynamic motion of the cantilever can be modified due to the magnetic force between the magnets and ME sensors. In this study, the dynamic response of a typical spiral cantilever beam with magnetic coupling is investigated. The spiral cantilever acts as the resonator of an energy harvester with a tip mass in the form of magnets, and a ME transducer is positioned in the air gap and interacts with the magnets. It is expected that this spiral configuration is capable of performing multiple vibration modes over a small frequency range and the response frequencies can be magnetically tunable. The experimental results show that the magnetic coupling between the magnets and the transducer plays a favorable role in achieving tunable resonant frequencies and reducing the frequency spacings. This will benefits the expansion of the response band of a device and is especially useful in energy harvesting.

Embedded Metamaterial Subframe Patch for Increased Power Output of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Saman Farhangdoust ◽  
Gary Georgeson ◽  
Jeong-Beom Ihn ◽  
Armin Mehrabi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Host Structure ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract These days, piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) is introduced as one of the clean and renewable energy sources for powering the self-powered sensors utilized for wireless condition monitoring of structures. However, low efficiency is the biggest drawback of the PEHs. This paper introduces an innovative embedded metamaterial subframe (MetaSub) patch as a practical solution to address the low throughput limitation of conventional PEHs whose host structure has already been constructed or installed. To evaluate the performance of the embedded MetaSub patch (EMSP), a cantilever beam is considered as the host structure in this study. The EMSP transfers the auxetic behavior to the piezoelectric element (PZT) wherever substituting a regular beam with an auxetic beam is either impracticable or suboptimal. The concept of the EMSP is numerically validated, and the COMSOL Multiphysics software was employed to investigate its performance when a cantilever beam is subjected to different amplitude and frequency. The FEM results demonstrate that the harvesting power in cases that use the EMSP can be amplified up to 5.5 times compared to a piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester without patch. This paper opens up a great potential of using EMSP for different types of energy harvesting systems in biomedical, acoustics, civil, electrical, aerospace, and mechanical engineering applications.

Nonlinear Characteristics for Rotatable Magnetically Coupling Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Shengxi Zhou ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Frequency Excitation

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a magnetically coupled piezoelectric energy harvesters under low frequency excitation, where the angle of external magnetic field is adjustable. The nonlinear dynamic equation with the identified nonlinear magnetic force is derived to describe the electromechanical interaction of variable inclination angle harvesters. The effect of excitation amplitude and frequency on dynamic behavior is proposed by using the phase trajectory and bifurcation diagram. The numerical analysis shows that a rotatable magnetically coupling energy harvesting system exhibits rich nonlinear characteristics with the change of external magnet inclination angle. The nonlinear route to and from large amplitude high energy motion can be clearly observed. It is demonstrated numerically and experimentally that lumped parameters equations with an identified polynomials for magnetic force could adequately describe the characteristics of nonlinear energy harvester. The rotating magnetically coupled energy harvester possesses the usable frequency bandwidth over a wide range of low frequency excitation by adjusting the angular orientation.

Comparison between MEMS and Meso Scale Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwyn D.T. Elliott ◽  
Lindsay M. Miller ◽  
Einar Halvorsen ◽  
Paul K. Wright ◽  
Paul D. Mitcheson
Keyword(s):  
Buck Converter ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Power Circuit ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Beam ◽  
Optimal Damping ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Scale Properties ◽  
Meso Scale

Manufacture of piezoelectric energy harvesters typically assumes bulk piezoelectric material for the transducer until the reduction in size of the device prevents this. However when designing piezoelectric harvesters, the complete system must be taken into account including the transducer, power circuit, and battery, as these will impose restrictions on what can be achieved. Therefore a comparison between MEMS and meso-scale piezoelectric energy harvesting systems using a fully parametrised model is required. The comparison was restricted to a piezoelectric beam with a mass at the end connected to a single supply pre-biasing circuit to provide the optimal damping force and rectification. A buck converter was used to transfer extracted energy to a 1.5V battery. The results indicate that for devices with a volume side length less than 16.25 mm, no device using meso-scale properties can be made to resonant at 100 Hz or less due to the length and stiffness of the beam. Whereas above this limit, the voltage required to damp devices with MEMS scale properties causes a breakdown in the dielectric. We present a comparison of the theoretical limits of MEMS and meso-scale piezoelectric harvesters to provide design insight for future devices to maximise power generation.

Influence of Bias Angle on Output Performance of Nonlinear Asymmetric Energy Harvesters: Experimental Investigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chris R. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

In recent decades, the technique of piezoelectric energy harvesting has drawn a great deal of attention since it is a promising method to convert vibrational energy to electrical energy to supply lower-electrical power consumption devices. The most commonly used configuration for energy harvesting is the piezoelectric cantilever beam. Due to the inability of linear energy harvesting to capture broadband vibrations, most researchers have been focusing on broadband performance enhancement by introducing nonlinear phenomena into the harvesting systems. Previous studies have often focused on the symmetric potential harvesters excited in a fixed direction and the influence of the gravity of the oscillators was neglected. However, it is difficult to attain a completely symmetric energy harvester in practice. Furthermore, the gravity of the oscillator due to the change of installation angle will also exert a dramatic influence on the power output. Therefore, this paper experimentally investigates the influence of gravity due to bias angle on the output performance of asymmetric potential energy harvesters under harmonic excitation. An experimental system is developed to measure the output voltages of the harvesters at different bias angles. Experimental results show that the bias angle has little influence on the performance of linear and monostable energy harvesters. However, for an asymmetric potential bistable harvester with sensitive nonlinear restoring forces, the bias angle influences the power output greatly due to the effect of gravity. There exists an optimum bias angle range for the asymmetric potential bistable harvester to generate large output power in a broader frequency range. The reason for this phenomenon is that the influence of gravity due to bias angle will balance the nonlinear asymmetric potential function in a certain range, which could be applied to improve the power output of asymmetric bistable harvesters.

scholarly journals A Review of Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting with Magnetic Coupling Based on Different Structural Characteristics

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Junxiang Jiang ◽  
Shaogang Liu ◽  
Lifeng Feng ◽  
Dan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Energy Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technologies have attracted a lot of attention in recent decades, and the harvesters have been applied successfully in various fields, such as buildings, biomechanical and human motions. One important challenge is that the narrow frequency bandwidth of linear energy harvesting is inadequate to adapt the ambient vibrations, which are often random and broadband. Therefore, researchers have concentrated on developing efficient energy harvesters to realize broadband energy harvesting and improve energy-harvesting efficiency. Particularly, among these approaches, different types of energy harvesters adopting magnetic force have been designed with nonlinear characteristics for effective energy harvesting. This paper aims to review the main piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technologies with magnetic coupling, and determine the potential benefits of magnetic force on energy-harvesting techniques. They are classified into five categories according to their different structural characteristics: monostable, bistable, multistable, magnetic plucking, and hybrid piezoelectric–electromagnetic energy harvesters. The operating principles and representative designs of each type are provided. Finally, a summary of practical applications is also shown. This review contributes to the widespread understanding of the role of magnetic force on piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting. It also provides a meaningful perspective on designing piezoelectric harvesters for improving energy-harvesting efficiency.

Frequency tuning of piezoelectric energy harvesters by magnetic force

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 035019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Al-Ashtari ◽  
Matthias Hunstig ◽  
Tobias Hemsel ◽  
Walter Sextro
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

scholarly journals Epitaxial Piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 Thin Films on Silicon for Energy Harvesting Devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sambri ◽  
D. Isarakorn ◽  
A. Torres-Pardo ◽  
S. Gariglio ◽  
Pattanaphong Janphuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pzt Films ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilevers ◽  
Piezoelectric Force Microscopy ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

We report on the properties of ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (PZT) thin films grown epitaxially on (001) silicon and on the performance of such heterostructures for microfabricated piezoelectric energy harvesters. In the first part of the paper, we investigate the epitaxial stacks through transmission electron microscopy and piezoelectric force microscopy studies to characterize in detail their crystalline structure. In the second part of the paper, we present the electrical characteristics of piezoelectric cantilevers based on these epitaxial PZT films. The performance of such cantilevers as vibration energy transducers is compared with other piezoelectric harvesters and indicates the potential of the epitaxial approach in the field of energy harvesting devices.

Experimental Study on a Piezoelectric Energy Generator Excited by Rotating Magnets

2013 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
pp. 477-481
Author(s):  
Fang Sheng Huang ◽  
Jun Wu Kan ◽  
Xian Fang Jin ◽  
Jia Wei Fu ◽  
Chun Tao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Coupling Force ◽  
Self Powered

To meet the demand of rotating mechanism for self-powered monitoring system, piezoelectric energy generator (PEG) excited by the magnetic coupling force between rotating magnets fixed on a rotator and those fixed on piezo-beam was presented. The influence of magnetic force (number and configuration of the magnets) and rotating speed on energy generation of the PEG was investigated experimentally. The research results show that there are several optimal rotating speeds for the PEG to achieve peak voltage at speed range of 0 to 1390r/min. Under a given number of magnets fixed on the end of the piezo-beam, the peak voltages rise with the increasing of rotating magnets number and rotating speed. At 636r/min, the achieved peek voltages from the PEG with 1/2/4 rotating magnets are 12.1/15.2/20.0V respectively. Besides, the configuration modes of rotating magnets and the fixed magnets (repulsion, attraction, or repulsion-attraction) exert great influence on the peak voltage and the relative optimal rotating speeds. Taking a PEG with 2 rotating magnets for example, the 4th peek voltages and the relative optimal rotating speeds for the PEG under exciting mode of repulsion/attraction//repulsion-attraction are 12.6/15.0/16.4 V and 552/528/492 r/min respectively.

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