scholarly journals Reasons for inadequate or incomplete imaging techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmin Caraiani ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Anthony G. Rudd ◽  
Christoph F. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Absolute Contraindication ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Performance

Even if imaging has developed considerably during the last decades there still exist several factors which limit its capacities. These factors can either limit the usage of a technique or degrade images making them difficult to interpret. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has, as an absolute contraindication, the presence of metallic devices marked as “MRI unsafe” and metallic foreign bodies close to the eye or vital structures. Claustrophobia and artefacts reduce the application and performance of MRI in a significant proportion of patients. The major disadvantages of computed tomography(CT) are the exposure to ionizing radiation inducing malignancies especially in pediatric patients and the risk of contrast induced allergies and nephropathy. Ultrasound is a safe, easily available and low-cost imaging technique without significant side effects for the patient. Obesity or bloating can severely limit ultrasound capacities.This paper written by radiologists and clinicians, highlights the main reasons leading to inadequate imaging and points out solutions to avoid inaccurate diagnosis due to incomplete imaging or presence of artifacts.

scholarly journals Imaging Modalities in Gynecology

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raydeen M Busse
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
List Type ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Although ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for most gynecologic diagnoses and conditions, knowledge of other diagnostic imaging procedures is important to gynecologists, emergency room physicians and radiologists who care for women of all ages. Since the early 1960s when ultrasound was introduced for the use in obstetrics and gynecology, other imaging techniques have rapidly come into play due to the tremendous advances in computer technology and in the field of engineering. It behooves us to become familiar and knowledgeable about the differences in these imaging techniques in order to gather the most information in the shortest amount of time to care for patients in the most efficient and cost-effective way. This review is meant for the use of most practicing physicians that are exposed to common as well as uncommon gynecologic conditions; therefore the primary imaging modalities discussed in this paper are limited to ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objectives Understanding of the strengths and limitations of ultrasound, MRI and CT Obtaining knowledge of when to apply the most appropriate imaging technique for a certain clinical situations

scholarly journals Machine-Learning-Based Elderly Stroke Monitoring System Using Electroencephalography Vital Signals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1761
Author(s):  
Yoon-A Choi ◽  
Sejin Park ◽  
Jong-Arm Jun ◽  
Chee Meng Benjamin Ho ◽  
Cheol-Sig Pyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Early Disease Detection ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Performance

Stroke is the third highest cause of death worldwide after cancer and heart disease, and the number of stroke diseases due to aging is set to at least triple by 2030. As the top three causes of death worldwide are all related to chronic disease, the importance of healthcare is increasing even more. Models that can predict real-time health conditions and diseases using various healthcare services are attracting increasing attention. Most diagnosis and prediction methods of stroke for the elderly involve imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is difficult to rapidly and accurately diagnose and predict stroke diseases due to the long testing times and high costs associated with MRI. Thus, in this paper, we design and implement a health monitoring system that can predict the precursors of stroke diseases in the elderly in real time during daily walking. First, raw electroencephalography (EEG) data from six channels were preprocessed via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The raw EEG power values were then extracted from the raw spectra: alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ), delta (δ), and theta (θ) as well as the low β, high β, and θ to β ratio, respectively. The experiments in this paper confirm that the important features of EEG biometric signals alone during walking can accurately determine stroke precursors and occurrence in the elderly with more than 90% accuracy. Further, the Random Forest algorithm with quartiles and Z-score normalization validates the clinical significance and performance of the system proposed in this paper with a 92.51% stroke prediction accuracy. The proposed system can be implemented at a low cost, and it can be applied for early disease detection and prediction using the precursor symptoms of real-time stroke. Furthermore, it is expected that it will be able to detect other diseases such as cancer and heart disease in the future.

scholarly journals Contraindications and adverse effects in abdominal imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmin Caraiani ◽  
Bianca Petresc ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Christoph F. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Administration ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Abdominal Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Contrast Media Administration

Ultrasound (US), computed-tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most frequently used imaging techniques in abdominal pathology. US plays a pivotal role in evaluating abdominal disease, sometimes being sufficient for a complete diagnosis and has virtually no contraindications. The usage of US contrast agents will add useful diagnostic information in both hepatic and non-hepatic pathology. CT has, over MRI, the advantage of being readily available. The usage of ionizing radiation is the main pitfall of CT. Allergies and contrast induced nephropathy in patients with an impaired renal function are the major risks of contrast media administration in CT. Its excellent tissue resolution makes MRI a very useful technique in abdominal pathology, the major contraindications being the presence of MRI “unsafe” implants and devices and the presence of metallic foreign bodies, particularly close to vital structures like the eyes or major vessels. Contrast administration in MRI is restricted in patients with renal insufficiency due to the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Allergies to MRI contrast media are rare and less important compared to allergies due to CT contrast media

Structural and functional imaging of large and opaque plant specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (14) ◽  
pp. 3659-3678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea Hesse ◽  
Katharina Bunk ◽  
Jochen Leupold ◽  
Thomas Speck ◽  
Tom Masselter
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Complex Geometries ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ct And Mri

AbstractThree- and four-dimensional imaging techniques are a prerequisite for spatially resolving the form–structure–function relationships in plants. However, choosing the right imaging method is a difficult and time-consuming process as the imaging principles, advantages and limitations, as well as the appropriate fields of application first need to be compared. The present study aims to provide an overview of three imaging methods that allow for imaging opaque, large and thick (>5 mm, up to several centimeters), hierarchically organized plant samples that can have complex geometries. We compare light microscopy of serial thin sections followed by 3D reconstruction (LMTS3D) as an optical imaging technique, micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) based on ionizing radiation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which uses the natural magnetic properties of a sample for image acquisition. We discuss the most important imaging principles, advantages, and limitations, and suggest fields of application for each imaging technique (LMTS, µ-CT, and MRI) with regard to static (at a given time; 3D) and dynamic (at different time points; quasi 4D) structural and functional plant imaging.

Efficacy of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Peritoneal Catheter Obstruction in Children: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-578
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Tamura ◽  
Hitoshi Nakazato ◽  
Shohei Kuraoka
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Peritoneal Catheter ◽  
Catheter Obstruction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Treatment Decision Process

Catheter obstruction is a serious complication associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Diagnostic imaging techniques play a role in the management of patients undergoing PD, mainly in detecting potential catheter-related complications. Imaging can help in the treatment decision process. Visualizing the obstruction and understanding the etiology are crucial for accurate management of patients and in determining therapeutic strategies. Although a PD catheter obstruction can be diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography (US) has been reported to be equally effective. The effectiveness of US and MRI in detecting PD catheter obstructions was compared in four pediatric patients. These cases demonstrate that US was more useful in visualizing PD obstruction compared with MRI. US can be repeated more conveniently and is noninvasive, especially in children. US can be considered an effective tool for diagnosing PD catheter obstruction in children.

Imaging Modalities in Gynecology

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Raydeen M Busse
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
List Type ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Although ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for most gynecologic diagnoses and conditions, knowledge of other diagnostic imaging procedures is important to gynecologists, emergency room physicians and radiologists who care for women of all ages. Since the early 1960s when ultrasound was introduced for the use in obstetrics and gynecology, other imaging techniques have rapidly come into play due to the tremendous advances in computer technology and in the field of engineering. It behooves us to become familiar and knowledgeable about the differences in these imaging techniques in order to gather the most information in the shortest amount of time to care for patients in the most efficient and cost-effective way. This review is meant for the use of most practicing physicians that are exposed to common as well as uncommon gynecologic conditions; therefore the primary imaging modalities discussed in this paper are limited to ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objectives Understanding of the strengths and limitations of ultrasound, MRI and CT Obtaining knowledge of when to apply the most appropriate imaging technique for a certain clinical situations

scholarly journals Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Lanthanide-Based Bimodal Nanoprobes for Dual Magnetic Resonance (MR) and Optical Imaging

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Walid Mnasri ◽  
Mahsa Parvizian ◽  
Souad Ammar-Merah
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Bimodal Imaging ◽  
Successive Image ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Current biomedical imaging techniques are crucial for the diagnosis of various diseases. Each imaging technique uses specific probes that, although each one has its own merits, do not encompass all the functionalities required for comprehensive imaging (sensitivity, non-invasiveness, etc.). Bimodal imaging methods are therefore rapidly becoming an important topic in advanced healthcare. This bimodality can be achieved by successive image acquisitions involving different and independent probes, one for each mode, with the risk of artifacts. It can be also achieved simultaneously by using a single probe combining a complete set of physical and chemical characteristics, in order to record complementary views of the same biological object at the same time. In this scenario, and focusing on bimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging (OI), probes can be engineered by the attachment, more or less covalently, of a contrast agent (CA) to an organic or inorganic dye, or by designing single objects containing both the optical emitter and MRI-active dipole. If in the first type of system, there is frequent concern that at some point the dye may dissociate from the magnetic dipole, it may not in the second type. This review aims to present a summary of current activity relating to this kind of dual probes, with a special emphasis on lanthanide-based luminescent nano-objects.

scholarly journals Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Assess Brain Tumor Responses to New Therapies

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Lev ◽  
Fred Hochberg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Perfusion Mri ◽  
Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
New Therapies ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is effective in detecting the location of intracranial tumors, new imaging techniques have been studied that may enhance the specificity for the prediction of histologic grade of tumor and for the distinction between recurrence and tumor necrosis associated with cancer therapy. Methods: The authors review their experience and that of others on the use of perfusion magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate responses of brain tumors to new therapies. Results: Functional imaging techniques that can distinguish tumor from normal brain tissue using physiological parameters. These new approaches provide maps of tumor perfusion to monitor the effects of novel compounds that restrict tumor angiogenesis. Conclusions: Perfusion MRI not only may be as effective as radionuclide-based techniques in sensitivity and specificity in assessing brain tumor responses to new therapies, but also may offer higher resolution and convenient co-registration with conventional MRI, as well as time- and cost-effectiveness. Further study is needed to determine the role of perfusion MRI in assessing brain tumor responses to new therapies.

scholarly journals Reasons for discordances between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the ankle, hindfoot and heel of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Șerban ◽  
Daniela Fodor ◽  
Iulia Papp ◽  
Mihaela Cosmina Micu ◽  
Dan Gabriel Duma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Definition Of

Aim: To compare the ultrasonography (US) performance with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying pathology in ankles, hindfeet and heels of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to evaluate the reasons for discordances between the two imaging methods.Material and methods: RA patients were enrolled and evaluated using the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and the Disease Activity Score 28 with C-reactive Protein (DAS28-CRP). The ankle (tibiotalar joint, tendons), hindfoot (talonavicular, subtalar joints) and heel of the most symptomatic or dominant foot (for the asymptomatic patient)were evaluated by two pairs of examiners using US and contrast-enhanced MRI.Results: Totally, 105 joints, 245 tendons and 35 heels in 35 patients [mean age 59.2±11.25 years old, median disease duration 36 (16.5-114), mean CDAI 19.87±12.7] were evaluated. The interobserver agreements between the two sonographers, and the two radiologists were good and very good (k=0.624-0.940). The overall agreement between US and MRI was very good for subcalcaneal panniculitis (k=0.928, p<0.001), moderate for synovitis (k=0.463, p<0.001) and tenosynovitis (k=0.514, p<0.001), fair for osteophytes (k=0.260, p=0.004), and poor for erosions (k=0.063, p=0.308) and heel’s structures. MRI found more erosions, synovitis, osteophytes,tenosynovitis and retrocalcaneal bursitis, but US found more enthesophytes and plantar fasciitis. Many of the discordancesbetween the two imaging techniques have explanations related to the technique itself or definition of the pathologic findings.Conclusions: US is comparable to MRI for the evaluation of ankle, hindfoot and heel in RA patients and discordances in theinterpretation of the pathological findings/normal structures must be carefully analyzed.

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