Correlates of acoustic reflex latency in normal‐hearing adults of two age groups

Contralateral acoustic-reflex measurements were taken for 10 normal-hearing subjects using a pulsed broadband noise as the reflex-activating signal. Acoustic impedance was measured at selected times during the on (response maximum) and off (response minimum) portions of the pulsed activator over a 2-min interval as a function of activator period and duty cycle. Major findings were that response maxima increased as a function of time for longer duty cycles and that response minima increased as a function of time for all duty cycles. It is hypothesized that these findings are attributable to the recovery characteristics of the stapedius muscle. An explanation of portions of the results from previous temporary threshold shift experiments on the basis of acoustic-reflex dynamics is proposed.

Download Full-text

Concordance of Glucose-Based and of HbA1c-Based Diagnoses of Diabetes in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Comparison between Two Age Groups

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1522-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1522-P

Author(s):

CHRISTOPH H. SAELY ◽

ALEXANDER VONBANK ◽

CHRISTINE HEINZLE ◽

DANIELA ZANOLIN ◽

BARBARA LARCHER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Two Age Groups

Download Full-text

Foundation for the Prevention and Pathological Aspects of Diseases of the Mucous Membranes of the Oral Cavity (Review)

International Journal on Integrated Education ◽

10.31149/ijie.v3i6.392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Bakaev Zh. N.

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Southern China ◽

Age Groups ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Two Age Groups

According to the authors, the prevalence of SOPR diseases is from 3 to 20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation

Download Full-text

Internet Sex discourse and porn viewing by Arab adolescents: The overt and the covert and its impact on their sexual education and behavior (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11667 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Anat Gesser-Edelsburg ◽

Munawar Abed Elhadi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Sexual Education ◽

The Internet ◽

Traditional Values ◽

Sexual Discourse ◽

Cultural Taboos ◽

Internet Sex ◽

And Behavior ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND Due to the religious proscription, it was found that Arab youths acquire information and view pornography secretly. The internet exposes them to contents that contradict religious and cultural taboos. There are few studies about viewing habits of sexual contents among Arab adolescents and about the way they discuss sexuality. OBJECTIVE to characterize the barriers and difficulties that prevent sexual discourse in Arab society and enable pornography viewing, according to the perceptions of adolescents and mothers. METHODS phenomological qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 40 participants. 20 Arab adolescents, sampled by two age groups: 14-16 and 16-18. In addition, 20 mothers of adolescents from both sexes were interviewed. RESULTS The findings indicate that mothers “turn a blind eye” to porn viewing and sexual activity by boys, versus a sweeping prohibition and denial of such behavior by girls. The boys reported viewing porn routinely, whereas girls denied doing so, but admitted that their girlfriends watched porn. The study also found that the boys have guilt feelings during and after the viewing as a result of the clash between modernity and traditional values. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to find a way to encourage a significant sexual discourse to prevent the violent consequences of its absence in Arab society. A controlled, transparent and critical sexual discourse could help youth make more informed decisions concerning the search for sexual contents, porn viewing and sexual behavior.

Download Full-text

A Reduced Dose Whole Virion Aluminum Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Is Immunogenic, Safe, and Well Tolerated in Pediatric Patients

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13030500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Zoltan Vajo ◽

Gergely Balaton ◽

Peter Vajo ◽

Peter Torzsa

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Age Groups ◽

Aluminum Phosphate ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Reduced Dose ◽

Viral Hemagglutinin ◽

Virus Strains ◽

Two Age Groups

Background: Data suggest that pediatric patients might react differently to influenza vaccination, both in terms of immunity and side effects. We have recently shown that using a whole virion vaccine with aluminum phosphate adjuvants, reduced dose vaccines containing 6 µg of viral hemagglutinin (HA) per strain are immunogenic, and well tolerated in adult and elderly patients. Here we show the results of a multicenter clinical trial of pediatric patients, using reduced doses of a new, whole virion, aluminum phosphate adjuvanted vaccine (FluArt, Budapest, Hungary). Methods: A total of 120 healthy volunteers were included in two age groups (3–11 years, receiving 3 µg of HA per strain, and 12–18 years, receiving 6 µg of HA per strain). We used hemagglutination inhibition testing to assess immunogenicity, based on EMA and FDA licensing criteria, including post/pre-vaccination geometric mean titer ratios, seroconversion and seropositivity rates. Safety and tolerability were assessed using CHMP guidelines. Results: All subjects entered the study and were vaccinated (ITT population). All 120 subjects attended the control visit on Day 21 (PP population). All immunogenicity licensing criteria were met in both age groups for all three vaccine virus strains. No serious adverse events were detected and the vaccine was well tolerated by both age groups. Discussion: Using a whole virion vaccine and aluminum phosphate adjuvants, a reduction in the amount of the viral hemmaglutinin is possible while maintaining immunogenicity, safety and tolerability in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Download Full-text

How (not) to cross a boundary: Crosslinguistic influence in simultaneous bilingual children's event construal

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728921000298 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Helen Engemann

Keyword(s):

Production Process ◽

Age Groups ◽

Boundary Crossing ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Motion Event ◽

Co Activation ◽

Crosslinguistic Influence ◽

Event Construal ◽

Two Age Groups

Abstract Simultaneous bilingual children sometimes display crosslinguistic influence (CLI), widely attested in the domain of morphosyntax. It remains less clear whether CLI affects bilinguals’ event construal, what motivates its occurrence and directionality, and how developmentally persistent it is. The present study tested predictions generated by the structural overlap hypothesis and the co-activation account in the motion event domain. 96 English–French bilingual children of two age groups and 96 age-matched monolingual English and French controls were asked to describe animated videos displaying voluntary motion events. Semantic encoding in main verbs showed bidirectional CLI. Unidirectional CLI affected French path encoding in the verbal periphery and was predicted by the presence of boundary-crossing, despite the absence of structural overlap. Furthermore, CLI increased developmentally in the French data. It is argued that these findings reflect highly dynamic co-activation patterns sensitive to the requirements of the task and to language-specific challenges in the online production process.

Download Full-text

Measurements of Loudness Growth in 1/2-Octave Bands for Children and Adults With Normal Hearing

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/1059-0889(1999/008) ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 40-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Melisa R. Ellis ◽

Michael K. Wynne

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Aids ◽

Hearing Aid ◽

Age Groups ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Boundary Values ◽

Simple Modification ◽

Point Data ◽

Loudness Growth

The loudness growth in 1/2-octave bands (LGOB) procedure has been shown previously to provide valid estimates of loudness growth for adults with normal hearing and those with hearing loss (Allen, Hall, & Jeng, 1990), and it has been widely incorporated into fitting strategies for adult hearing aid users by a hearing aid manufacturer. Here, we applied a simple modification of LGOB to children and adults with normal hearing and then compared the loudness growth functions (as obtained from end-point data) between the two age groups. In addition, reliability data obtained within a single session and between test sessions were compared between the two groups. Large differences were observed in the means between the two groups for the lower boundary values, the upper boundary values, and the range between boundaries both within and across all frequencies. The data obtained from children also had greater variance than the adult data. In addition, there was more variability in the data across test sessions for children. Many test-retest differences for children exceeded 10 dB. Adult test-retest differences were generally less than 10 dB. Although the LGOB with the modifications used in this study may be used to measure loudness growth in children, its poor reliability with this age group may limit its clinical use for children with hearing loss. Additional work is needed to explore whether loudness growth measures can be adapted successfully to children and whether these measures contribute worthwhile information for fitting hearing aids to children.

Download Full-text