Foundation for the Prevention and Pathological Aspects of Diseases of the Mucous Membranes of the Oral Cavity (Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Bakaev Zh. N.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Two Age Groups

According to the authors, the prevalence of SOPR diseases is from 3 to 20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation

scholarly journals Foundation for the prevention and pathological aspects of diseases of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity (Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Bakaev Zh. N.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Two Age Groups

20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation [13].

scholarly journals Distribution of toxoplasmosis among different groups of the population of the Оmsk Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Starostina ◽  
Yu.I. Patsula ◽  
A.Kh. Nurpeisova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Age Related

Objective. Our objective was to study the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among various groups of population in the Omsk Region. Materials and methods. We analyzed statistical data and the results of our own serological tests carried out in 2000–2017. Antibodies to Toxoplasma were determined in 1,926 people (769 citizens and 1,157 villagers). The blood serum was used as the test material. For the detection of IgG and IgA antibodies to toxoplasma, we used locally produced ELISA test systems (“Vector-Best”, Novosibirsk). Results. Antibodies to toxoplasmas were found in residents of all landscape areas of the Omsk Region. In the northern parts of the forest zone, 45.9 % of people had antibodies to toxoplasma; in the southern steppe zone, 64.6 % of people had those antibodies. Urban residents were infected in 17.7 % of cases. There were significant age-related differences in toxoplasma infection in the population of the Omsk Region. The maximum rates of invasion in older age groups were more than 50 % among urban residents and over 70 % in rural areas. Rates of seropositivity of rural children under 15 were 5 times higher than those in urban children. Serological markers of toxoplasmosis were detected in 52.8 % of rural women of childbearing age and in 33.9 % of urban women. Сonclusion. The research results indicated the unfavorable epidemic situation for toxoplasmosis in the Omsk Region. Taking into account the risk of infection for people with immunodeficiency and pregnant women and the possibility to reactivate the invasion even in an immunocompetent organism, it is necessary to study distinctive features of the toxoplasmosis epidemic process in different areas of the Omsk Region and to develop regulatory and procedural documents on prevention of Toxoplasma infection in the population.

scholarly journals The religious identity of Muslim youth. A socio-psychological approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
V. A. Shorokhova
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Two Age Groups

The article offers a socio-psychological analysis of religious identity structure of Muslim youths who live in the Russian Federation. The research was conducted in the Chechen Republic (city of Grozny). The two groups of respondents were selected, the high school pupils (9–10th grades) and students (1–2 year). In order to study their religious identity was applied a “Religious identity components” questionnaire. The original version of this tool was developed by D. Van Camp, it was adapted to the Russian circumstances by V. A. Shorokhova and subsequently developed by O. S. Pavlova. The results of the study prove that religious identity of the two age groups in both cases remains the same, i.e. the four-factor model, regardless the respondents’ age. However, there are still some specific features as applied to each group.

scholarly journals THE STRUCTURE OF EXCESS MORTALITY DUE TO THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS INFECTION PANDEMIC IN URBAN AND RURAL RESIDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
T.P. Sabgayda ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Direct Loss ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Significance. The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection has further exacerbated the demographic problem in the Russian Federation, which was especially acute in rural areas. However, according to official data, only one third of the excess mortality in 2020 is accounted for by COVID-19. Purpose: to compare the structure of mortality growth in urban and rural residents and determine differences in loss associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. Based on the Rosstat preliminary data, the author has analyzed increase in the number of deaths per 100,000 population in 2020 compared to 2019 among males and females residing in urban and rural areas of the Russian Federation. The indicators were compared by major classes of death causes and individual diseases across the following three age groups: 15-49 years, 50-64 years, and 65 years and older. Comparison was carried out by the Chi-square test. Results. Among the urban and rural population the death rate increased by 20.6% and 15.4%, respectively; the COVID-19 mortality equaled to 109.4 and 67.5 per 100,000 population; the share of COVID-19 in the increased total mortality added up to 44.6% and 33.0%, respectively. Among urban residents, the frequency of deaths from COVID-19 in males exceeds the female one 1.8 times in population aged 15-49, 2.0 times in population aged 50-64 and 65 +; among rural residents, these values equal to 1.2, 1.4 and 1.8, respectively. Conclusion. In the structure of excess mortality associated with the spread of the novel coronavirus infection that accounted for almost one fifth of deaths in 2019, the share of direct loss due to COVID-19 is underestimated. The direct loss associated with co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus can be traced at the population level, starting from the age of 65 in males and 50 years in females, in case of deaths from diseases of the nervous system, coronary heart disease, chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract and diseases of the pancreas. With a lower level of excess mortality among rural population, its quarter is accounted for by indirect loss due to the pandemic associated with the decreased access to medical care. In the structure of excess mortality among urban population, indirect loss accounts for about one tenth, and is mainly due to consequences of stress associated with the pandemic and forced isolation. Signs of incomplete examination of the deceased in older age groups to determine the death causes, especially among rural residents, have been identified.

scholarly journals Problems of low living standards of population in rural areas of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Vladimir Victorovich Kurchenkov ◽  
Daria Aleksandrovna Koneva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article gives an assessment of reducing the living standard of the population in rural areas of Russia (a case of the Volgograd region). The analysis of the current state of rural areas was carried out and problems and trends of a decreasing standard of living of the population were identified. The dynamics of the urban and rural population of the Volgograd region has been illustrated in accordance with the data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. The conclusions are drawn about the depopulation in the rural areas, natural loss, migration outflows, and the change in the category of settlements. There have been systematized the factors influencing the living standards of the population in rural areas in modern conditions, such as: legal, socio-economic, political, technological, etc. With the help of the Ishikawa diagram, the potential causes of the declining standard of living of the rural population are ordered and aggregated, and the most important factors are identified. The effectiveness and efficiency of the state policy aimed at the long term development of rural areas is assessed. It has been noted that the volume of financing the state program Comprehensive development of rural areas for 2020–2025 will amount to about 2.3 trillion rubles, which is 12 times more than funding of the previous program. Lack of activities and insignificant amount of funding aimed at the development of social infrastructure of modern villages, the development of education and health care were identified by the authors. A set of measures to improve the existing policy for the long term development of rural areas in Russia has been substantiated. The necessity of including the problems of the development of Russian villages into the system of national projects in the Russian Federation has been emphasized.

scholarly journals Dynamics of survival of patients with prostate cancer at the population level, taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
R. D. Andreeva ◽  
R. S. Nizamova ◽  
A. A. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
The Russian Federation

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is rapidly gaining a leading position in the incidence of malignant tumors among men. With a general decrease in mortality from all oncological diseases, mortality from PCa in the Russian Federation is increasing: in 2005 there were 8192 deaths, in 2015 - 11987.Objective of the study. Calculation and assessment of survival rates for patients with PCa in the Samara region for the period from 2010 to 2016, taking into account the stage of the disease, the place of residence of patients, a comparative analysis of the observed, adjusted and relative 5-year survival for this disease in a number of regions of Russia and in the world.Materials and methods. The object of the study was all registered patients for the period 2010-2016, with the first established PCa.The calculation and analysis of the observed (OS), adjusted (AS) and relative (OS) survival of 7670 patients with PCa taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence (urban residents — 6408people, rural — 1262), registered in the database of the population cancer registry of Samara Region Clinical Oncology Clinic. The start date of the study is January 1, 2010, the end date is December 31, 2019. The calculation of survival was carried out by the dynamic (actuarial) method.Results. When assessing the survival of patients with PCa, lower rates of observed survival were observed than adjusted, which indicates the presence of intercurrent causes of death.During the study period, an inverse dependence of survival on the prevalence of the tumor process was revealed. The level of observed survival and adjusted survival of all patients is associated in the survival range at stages II—III: 1-year-old observed survival — 89.1 % (adjusted survival — 92.3 %), 5-year-old observed survival — 62.6 % (adjusted survival — 76.6 %).The adjusted and relative survival rate for the urban population is higher than for the rural population, which may indicate an insufficient level of access to cancer care for patients with PCa in rural areas: the indicators of 1-year adjusted survival of urban residents are higher — 3.3 % (relative survival — 2.4 %), 5-year-old adjusted survival—7.4 % (relative survival — 10.3 %) than in patients registered in rural hospitals.Conclusion. A comparative analysis of indicators of 1- and 5-year survival of patients with PCa in the Samara region and a number of regions of the Russian Federation for 2006—2010 revealed that domestic indicators of 1-year and 5-year relative survival are slightly lower than the European average for 2000—2007. The range of indicators of the 5-year relative survivalfor 2010—2013 in the Samara region amounted to 82.2—93.1 %.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIC MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 IN VOLGOGRAD REGION: INTERIM RESULTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
S.K. Udovichenko ◽  
◽  
K.V. Zhukov ◽  
D.N. Nikitin ◽  
A.V. Toporkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Patterns ◽  
Official Data

An assessment of the manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process in the Volgograd region in terms of intensity, territorial distribution, structure, and clinical patterns of the disease was carried out. The study used the official data of the Rospotrebnadzor Office in the Volgograd region. From March 24 to October 18, 2020, 17 811 cases of COVID-19 were registered in the region, the incidence rate was 715 per 100 thousand of the population, the case fatality rate was 0,98 %. An uneven distribution of morbidity over the territory was established: 42,3 % of cases were detected in Volgograd, 10,1% in Volzhsky and 6 % in Kamyshinsky district. The age groups 40–49 years old (17,6 %) and 50–59 years old (19,2 %) are most involved in the epidemic process. In the cases structure, the prevalence of females was noted (58,3 %). The clinical patterns of the disease are characterized by the predominance of mild forms (46,8 %), there is a trend to reduce asymptomatic forms and an increase in moderate manifestations. In the Volgograd region, a lower frequency of severe forms and deaths registration has been established in comparison with the Russian Federation. In the social structure of the infected people, the largest share is made up of pensioners (26,3 %) and workers (16,9 %)

scholarly journals Rural life of Russian women

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Alexandra A. Shabunova ◽  
Galina V. Leonidova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Population Decrease ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Village

The relevance of the study of the living conditions of rural women is related to the actual demographic situation in the Russian hinterland. In rural areas of the Russian Federation there is a stable decline in the population due, first of all, to natural population decrease, as well as migration outflow connected with low standards and quality of life, unattractiveness of labor in rural areas, and social infrastructure. Rural women as a socio-demographic group with typical socio-psychological, ideological, moral and ethno-cultural characteristics, similar spiritual values, social experience and lifestyles, being a more numerous part of the population of rural territories, act as a kind of bulwark for preservation of the village, its culture, traditions and rural economy as a whole. A quarter of all Russian women live in rural areas. Distribution of the country’s population by gender and age groups as of January 1, 2019 shows that women predominate in the rural population (52%). And the group of women over working age is twice as large as that of men (6775 thousand against 3230 thousand). In other words, Russian village has actually a female face. In this regard, the study of rural women’s issues is very important and timely. The article shows the role of women in the social development of the village, provides excerpts from interviews of rural female activists, their reasoning about how they live despite the difficulties that surround them. It highlights demographic trends in rural areas, assesses the quality of the labor potential of rural residents in comparison with urban residents, and shows a higher level of self-realization in labor activity among women than among men.

Declining Women Work Participation in Rural India: Trends, Causes and Policy Implications

2022 ◽  
pp. 001946622110635
Author(s):  
Rajendra P. Mamgain ◽  
Khalid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sample Survey

One of the major policy concerns in recent years has been decline in the number of women workers in the Indian labour market. The ‘education’ and ‘income’ effect hypotheses for such decline are generally advocated. Such analyses, however, are limited in their focus. This study attempts to fill up this gap by exclusively focusing on rural women. Using the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) data for the years 2004–2005 and 2011–2012 and Periodic Labour Force Survey data for the year 2017–2018, it observes a widespread decline in rural women’s work participation rates (WPRs) across their different social groups, income strata and states in the country albeit at a significantly varying rate. While the major decline in women WPRs in the age-group, 15–24 years has been in favour of education, it has been largely in favour of ‘domestic works’ in the other age-groups. The major decline in women workforce is observed in case of those as not-literates, ‘unpaid family labour’ in agriculture and ‘casual wage labour’ both in farm and non-farm sectors. This is largely due to contraction in self-employment and casual wage works both in farm and non-farm sectors, more so during recent period. This study finds a positive impact of rising household income on women’s WPRs. While education emerges as a significant predictor of women joining workforce, its iteration with their social groups shows differing impact of similar level of education on different caste groups. It offers inputs for policy measures to be aimed at providing decent livelihoods in rural areas in a big scale, with strong focus on reducing caste and gender disparities. JEL Codes: E24, J16, J21, J18

scholarly journals MODERN DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA): PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
A.A. Pakhomov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Tumanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic ◽  
External Causes

The article explores the trends of rural development from the point of view of demography, the features of demographic processes occurring in rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The demographic situation in rural areas of the republic is more favorable compared to average Russia. Natural population growth is maintained. At the same time, it is necessary to note the significant impact of migration processes on the rural population. In the context of the main age groups, an increase in the proportion of people over working age was revealed, especially among rural women. The paper highlights the features of the processes of fertility and mortality in rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Thus, in contrast to the Russian Federation as a whole, the total fertility rate in the rural areas of Yakutia is characterized as having sustainable development. Alertness is caused by the excess mortality of men, especially from external causes in working age. The life expectancy of the rural population of the republic during the period under review remains lower than in urban areas, and also has gender differences.

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