The relationship between male humpback whale song chorusing and whale abundance on the Hawaiian breeding ground

Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) social vocalizations (nonsong sounds) were clearly related to whale group size and surface activity. Social sounds occurred almost exclusively in groups containing three or more whales and were rarely heard near single whales, pairs, or cow–calf groups. Large groups (3 to 20 individuals) vocalized at an overall mean rate of 43.1 ± 55.52 sounds per whale/h. Group size changed frequently and a dramatic increase in vocalization rate resulted when a new whale entered a group. Large groups engaged in flurries of surface activity, such as breaching, flipper- and tail-slapping, and underwater bubbling. Aggressive encounters resulted from male–male interaction. Social sounds probably acted to demonstrate aggression or agitation as adult males competed for temporary social dominance within the group and for proximity to the female. Likewise, visual displays may have been used as threats in close quarters and were apparently produced in conjunction with sounds to convey levels of aggression. Although other studies suggested that surface activity increased with group size, I found a negative correlation between activity and group size, both in the group as a whole and per individual. In contrast, social vocalizations per group increased with group size while the vocalization rate per individual did not vary significantly with increasing group size.

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First Description of Migratory Behavior of Humpback Whales From an Antarctic Feeding Ground to a Tropical Breeding Ground

10.21203/rs.3.rs-224086/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michelle Modest ◽

Ladd Irvine ◽

Virginia Andrews-Goff ◽

William Gough ◽

David Johnston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Feeding Behavior ◽

State Space ◽

Humpback Whale ◽

Humpback Whales ◽

Migratory Behavior ◽

Migration Speed ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

Feeding Ground ◽

Departure Date

Abstract Background: Despite exhibiting one of the longest migrations in the world, half of the humpback whale migratory cycle has remained unexamined; until this point, no study has provided a continuous description of humpback whale migratory behavior from a feeding ground to a breeding ground. We present new information on the satellite derived offshore migratory movements of 16 humpback whales from Antarctic feeding grounds to South American breeding grounds. Satellite locations were used to demonstrate migratory corridors, while the impact of departure date on migration speed was assessed using a linear regression, and a Bayesian hierarchical state-space animal movement model was utilized to investigate the presence of feeding behavior en route. Results: 35,642 Argos locations from 16 tagged whales from 2012-2017 were collected. The 16 whales were tracked for an average of 38.5 days of migration (range 10-151 days). The length of individually derived tracks ranged from 645–6,381 km. Humpbacks were widely dispersed geographically during the initial and middle stages of their migration but convened in two bottleneck regions near the southernmost point of Chile as well as Peru’s Illescas Peninsula. The state space model found almost no instances of ARS, a proxy for feeding behavior, along the migratory route. The linear regression assessing whether departure date affected migration speed found suggestive but inconclusive support for a positive trend between the two variables. No clear stratification by sex or reproductive status, either in migration speed, departure date, or route choice, was found.Conclusions: Southern hemisphere humpback whale populations are recovering quickly from intense commercial whaling and, around the Antarctic Peninsula, are doing so in the face of a rapidly changing environment. The current lack of scientific knowledge on marine mammal migration is a major barrier to cetacean conservation. This multi-year study sets a baseline against which the effects of climate change on humpback whales can be studied across years and conditions and provides an excellent starting point for the investigation into humpback whale migration.

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Microsatellite Genetic Characterization of the Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) Breeding Ground off Brazil (Breeding Stock A)

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/esp097 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 189-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. L. Cypriano-Souza ◽

G. P. Fernandez ◽

C. A. V. Lima-Rosa ◽

M. H. Engel ◽

S. L. Bonatto

Keyword(s):

Genetic Characterization ◽

Humpback Whale ◽

Megaptera Novaeangliae ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

Breeding Stock

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World School Life Versus Habitus: The breeding ground of an Educational Backward Mexico Migrant

Education Policy Analysis Archives ◽

10.14507/epaa.v13n13.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Teresa Yurén ◽

Miriam De la Cruz ◽

Alfonso Cruz ◽

S. Stella Araújo-Oliveray ◽

Marcos J. Estrada

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Junior High Schools ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

School Life ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Two Factors ◽

And Migration ◽

The Relationship ◽

World School

In this article, three topics are interrelated: school desertion, poverty and migration. The situation in Mexico with respect to desertion and the relationship between this and several factors associated with poverty is presented. It is argued that scholastic desertion has an expanding effect which depends on the concurrence of two factors: disenchantment with schools and the "habitus" people adopt in cases of extreme poverty to assure their survival. In regard to the first of these factors, the normal course of schooling (the methods and the programs that are preferred in school) is critically analyzed and other indications that scholastic education is changing are examined. In regard to the second of these factors, the case of migrant Mexicans who go to the United States is examined. The results of a survey in Mexican junior high schools are reported and exploratory interviews were conducted with migrating Mexicans. The conclusions of other research carried out in Mexico dealing with scholastic desertion are also reconsidered.

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Å skrive om hendelser fra egen praksis

Praksisnær undervisning – i praksis og teori ◽

10.23865/noasp.94.ch7 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 121-140

Author(s):

Eli Skjeseth

Keyword(s):

Continuing Education ◽

Research Question ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

High Quality ◽

New Methods ◽

The One ◽

The Relationship ◽

Shed Light ◽

Writing Activity

In this chapter, 60 reflection notes written by 20 students of continuing education for advisors in NAV are analysed. The research question is: What do the texts tell about the students’ learning within the relationship between theory and practice? The intention of the chapter is to shed light on how the writing activity affects the students’ thinking about their practice. The analysis follows two axes: on the one hand, the level of learning found in the texts is examined – how the learning is expressed in changes in behaviour/actions, and in thinking/assessment. The second axis shows the students’ capacity for abstraction (theory formation) and for concretization based on theories. When these axes are put together, four categories emerge, which show different nuances in the relationship between theory and practice: 1) Synthesis (think ‘up’), 2) Analysis (think ‘down’), 3) Concepts promoted for practice, and 4) Testing of new methods. The analysis shows that the students commute unproblematically between these categories. Practice is both a necessary breeding ground for learning and a benchmark for learning. Practice does not contradict theory. The writing activity helps to clarify theory and develop students’ abstraction abilities. The teachers’ responsibility is to formulate high quality assignment texts that bind together theory and practice and that would prompt the students to stretch their mental borders. The analysis categories developed in this chapter can help teachers successfully face this task.

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Oil Industry and Noise Pollution in the Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) Soundscape Ecology of the Southwestern Atlantic Breeding Ground

Journal of Coastal Research ◽

10.2112/jcoastres-d-13-00195.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 184 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marcos R. Rossi-Santos

Keyword(s):

Noise Pollution ◽

Oil Industry ◽

Humpback Whale ◽

Megaptera Novaeangliae ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

Southwestern Atlantic ◽

Soundscape Ecology

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Geloof en kennis in die Heidelbergse Kategismus

In die Skriflig/In Luce Verbi ◽

10.4102/ids.v47i2.702 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sarel P. Van der Walt

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Close Relation ◽

Breeding Ground ◽

Scientific Process ◽

Late Middle Ages ◽

The Reformation ◽

Knowledge Element ◽

The Relationship ◽

Unique Relationship

Die wyse waarop die noue band tussen geloof en kennis verstaan moet word, figureer huidig steeds in teologiese debatte. In hierdie artikel word die verband wat deur vraag en antwoord 21 van die Heidelbergse Kategismus tussen geloof en kennis getrek word, bestudeer. In reaksie op die skolastiek van die laat-Middeleeue toe verintellektualisering van geloof besonder beklemtoon is, het die Reformasie ’n klaarblyklike gebalanseerde nuansering van die verband tussen geloof en kennis tot gevolg gehad. Veral Calvyn het ’n besondere bydrae hiertoe gelewer en het ’n bepaalde invloed gehad op die formulering van geloof se kenniselement. Dit het ruimte gebied waarbinne Ursinus en die res van die betrokke kommissie hierdie unieke verband kon vasvang in die Kategismus as konfessie. Die Skrifgronde hiervoor is Hebreërs 11:1, 3 sowel as Jakobus 2:19. Albei hierdie Skrifdele dien as bewysgronde om die kennisaspek van geloof te begrond. Hierdie artikel dui aan hoe die Kategismus bogenoemde Skrifgronde verreken om geloof as voorwetenskaplike kennis te beskryf. Die kenniselement van geloof is die voorveronderstelling wat die eksegeet by die aanvang van sy wetenskaplike aktiwiteit op die tafel wil plaas. Hierdie voorwetenskaplike kennis dien ter ondersteuning van wetenskaplike teorievorming.The way in which the close relation between faith and knowledge should be understood, is still very prominent in current theological debates. This article studies the connection that is being described between faith and knowledge by question and answer 21 of the Heidelberg Catechism. In response to the scholasticism of the late Middle Ages with its particular emphasis on the knowledge element of faith, the time of the Reformation apparently brought a more balanced view on the relationship between faith and knowledge thanks to specifically Calvin who had a certain influence on the formulation of faith’s knowledge component. This gave to Ursinus and the rest of the commission responsible the breeding ground to capture this unique relationship into the Catechism as confession. Scriptural grounds for this relationship are found in Hebrews 11:1, 3 and James 2:19. Both these passages serve as basis for the knowledge aspect of faith. This article shows how the Catechism discounts these Scriptural passages to describe faith as a pre-scientific element in the scientific process. The knowledge-element of faith is the presupposition which the exegete wants to place on the table. This pre-scientific knowledge serves as support for the formulation of scientific theories.

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Knowledge and Creativity in Digital Society

European Journal of Open Distance and E-Learning ◽

10.2478/eurodl-2014-0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 227-237

Author(s):

Riccardo Fragnito ◽

Maria Annarumma

Keyword(s):

Breeding Ground ◽

Digital Society ◽

Creative Mind ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This work deals with the topic of creativity understood as a complex path carried out along all lifetime and that cannot be attributable to the mere accumulation of concepts. The changing social scenario promotes the dimension of the possible, the nonlinearity, the overcoming of preestablished trajectories of knowledge by triggering processes of meta-knowledge and metarepresentation, a dimension in which the creative mind finds a breeding ground. The work explores the relationship between technology and creativity in consideration of the peculiar segment, the artistic one, where with greater evidence the work of the creative is unfolded.

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The Role of Environmental Drivers in Humpback Whale Distribution, Movement and Behavior: A Review

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.720774 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jan-Olaf Meynecke ◽

Jasper de Bie ◽

Jan-Lukas Menzel Barraqueta ◽

Elisa Seyboth ◽

Subhra Prakash Dey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Water Movement ◽

Humpback Whale ◽

Humpback Whales ◽

Environmental Drivers ◽

Migration Routes ◽

High Concentration ◽

Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Relationship

Humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, are a highly migratory species exposed to a wide range of environmental factors during their lifetime. The spatial and temporal characteristics of such factors play a significant role in determining suitable habitats for breeding, feeding and resting. The existing studies of the relationship between oceanic conditions and humpback whale ecology provide the basis for understanding impacts on this species. Here we have determined the most relevant environmental drivers identified in peer-reviewed literature published over the last four decades, and assessed the methods used to identify relationships. A total of 148 studies were extracted through an online literature search. These studies used a combined estimated 105,000 humpback whale observations over 1,216 accumulated study years investigating the relationship between humpback whales and environmental drivers in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Studies focusing on humpback whales in feeding areas found preferences for areas of upwelling, high chlorophyll-a concentration and frontal areas with changes in temperature, depth and currents, where prey can be found in high concentration. Preferred calving grounds were identified as shallow, warm and with slow water movement to aid the survival of calves. The few studies of migration routes have found preferences for shallow waters close to shorelines with moderate temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration. Extracting information and understanding the influence of key drivers of humpback whale behavioral modes are important for conservation, particularly in regard to expected changes of environmental conditions under climate change.

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