Caffeine-Induced Changes in Cardiovascular Function during Resistance Training

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 468-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Anthony Astorino ◽  
Riana Lee Rohmann ◽  
Kelli Firth ◽  
Sondra Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Leg Press

Caffeine (CAF) exerts a pressor effect both at rest and during exercise, as blood pressure is higher than with placebo. The effect of acute CAF ingestion combined with intense resistance training on cardiovascular function is unknown, however. The primary aim of the study was to examine changes in cardiovascular function after completion of fatiguing bench-press and leg-press exercise after CAF or placebo ingestion. Twenty-two resistance-trained men ingested CAF (6 mg/kg) or placebo 1 h pre exercise in a randomized, double-blind crossover design. They refrained from CAF intake and strenuous exercise 48 and 24 h pretrial, respectively. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured pre exercise. After a standardized warm-up, 1-repetition-maximum (1-RM) on the barbell bench press and leg press was tested. When it had been determined, a load equivalent to 60% of 1-RM was placed on the bar, and the subject completed repetitions to failure. Measurements of heart rate and blood pressure were immediately completed, and mean arterial pressure and rate-pressure product were calculated. Results showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in heart rate (+ 10 beats/min), systolic blood pressure (+ 8–10 mmHg), and rate-pressure product with acute CAF ingestion versus placebo. No change (P > 0.05) in diastolic blood pressure across time or treatment was shown. To prevent elevated blood pressure and potential enhanced risk of heart disease, CAF intake should be monitored in at-risk men who participate in resistance training.

scholarly journals Physiological and Psychophysical Responses to Listening to Music during Warm-Up and Circuit-Type Resistance Exercise in Strength Trained Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Arazi ◽  
Abbas Asadi ◽  
Morteza Purabed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Cardiovascular Variables

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of listening to music during warm-up and resistance exercise on physiological (heart rate and blood pressure) and psychophysical (rating of perceived exertion) responses in trained athletes. Twelve strength trained male participants performed warm-up and resistance exercise without music (WU+RE without M), warm-up and resistance exercise with music (WU+RE with M), WU with M and RE without M, and WU without M and RE with M, with 48 hours space between sessions. After completing each session, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured. Also, heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were assessed before, after, and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after exercise. Results indicated that RPE was higher for WU+RE without M condition in comparison with other conditions. All conditions showed increases in cardiovascular variables after exercise. The responses of HR, SBP, and RPP were higher for WU+RE without M condition. Thus, using music during warm-up and resistance exercise is a legal method for decreasing RPE and cardiovascular responses due to resistance exercise.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular response to strength training is more affected by intensity than volume in healthy subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
OC Moreira ◽  
CEP Oliveira ◽  
DG Matos ◽  
SF Silva ◽  
RC Hickner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Repetition Maximum

Objective: To determine and compare the cardiovascular responses to three resistance exercise protocols with different volumes and loads. Methods: The study included 15 healthy subjects, experienced in resistance training, who underwent supine bench press exercise with three different volumes and loads separated by 48 hours, with a crossover model: a) 4 repetitions at 90% of one repetition maximum (4/90%), b) 8 repetitions at 80% of one repetition maximum (8/80%), and c) 15 repetitions at 65% of one repetition maximum (15/65%). Immediately following each protocol, measures of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were performed, and were used to calculate the rate pressure product. Results: The 4/90% protocol resulted in an increase in heart rate (Δ = 84.57%; effect size [ES] = 0.31), systolic blood pressure (Δ = 24.03%; ES = 0.42), diastolic blood pressure (Δ = 8.47%; ES = 0.27) and rate pressure product (Δ = 129.65%; ES = 0.54). The 8/80% protocol resulted in changes on: heart rate (Δ = 74.94%; ES = 0.57), systolic blood pressure (Δ = 20.67%; ES = 0.27), diastolic blood pressure (Δ = 6.91%; ES = 0.15) and rate pressure product (Δ = 111.78%; ES = 0.48). The 15/65% protocol resulted in alterations on: heart rate (Δ = 66.77%; ES = 0.39), systolic blood pressure (Δ = 16.85%; ES = 0.35), diastolic blood pressure (Δ = 3.38%; ES = 0.13) and rate pressure product (Δ = 96.41%; ES = 0.30). Increases in all variables pre to post resistance exercise were observed for all protocols (p < 0.05). When comparing the three different protocols, it was found that the heart rate (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.034) and rate pressure product (p < 0.001), were more elevated in the 4/90% compared to the 15/65%. Conclusion: The bench press exercise performed with low volume and high intensity promotes a more pronounced cardiovascular response compared to the same exercise performed with high volume and low intensity.      

scholarly journals Acute hemodynamic responses are not different for mono and multiarticular exercises for the same muscle group

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e41310817002
Author(s):  
Leandro de Oliveira Sant'Ana ◽  
Fabiana Rodrigues Scartoni ◽  
Patrícia Panza ◽  
Bernardo dos Santos Coelho ◽  
Tiago da Silva Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Double Product ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Polar Model ◽  
Execution Speed ◽  
Heart Rate Analysis

Introduction: Different mechanical behaviors in resistance training can result in certain changes in the cardiovascular system. Objective: To verify the acute behavior of the main cardiovascular variables (heart rate, blood pressure, and double product) when performing resistance training with mono and multiarticular exercises. Methods: 10 male subjects participated in the study (26 ± 4 years; 81 ± 6 kg; 1.77 ± 2 m; 23 ± 1 kg / m2). They performed a test and retest for 8RM in the bench press and crucifix exercises on the machine. After the loads were outlined, they performed the intervention with the exercises, initially with a monoarticular activation containing two sets of 12 repetitions with 50% of the load acquired in the 8RM test of each exercise, using an interval of 60 seconds between one set and another. Additionally, three sets of 8 repetitions (80% 8RM) were performed with an interval between sets of 120 seconds. The execution speed was determined at a moderate level (2s for concentric, 2s for eccentric). It was measured before and during (series 1, series two, and series 3. Named as moments) heart rate exercises using POLAR, model RS800CX Multisport® and blood pressure using OMRON M6 (HEM-7001- E) ®. Then, the double product was calculated using the formula [HR (bpm) X SBP (mmHg)]. Results: In the heart rate analysis, there was an intra-condition difference for moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). In the inter-condition comparison, no differences were observed for rest (p = 0.994) and for moments 1, 2 and 3 (p> 0.999). In systolic blood pressure, intra-conditions, differences were observed for moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). In the inter-condition comparisons, there were no differences between rest (p> 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.714), 2 (p = 0.999) and 3 (p> 0.999). For diastolic blood pressure, intra conditions, for bench press no significant differences were found for moments 1 (p = 0.331), 2 (p = 0.505) and 3 (p = 0.505) when compared to rest. In the same way it was for the crucifix, wherein the comparison with rest, no difference was observed in moments 1 (p = 0.849), 2 (p = 0.195) and 3 (p = 0.105). In the same sense, no difference was also observed in the comparisons between conditions for rest (p> 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.999), 2 (p = 0.989) and 3 (p = 0.948). Finally, the double product in intra-condition comparisons found differences between moments 1, 2, and 3 compared to rest (p <0.000). However, in the inter-condition comparisons, no difference was observed at rest (p = 0.999), moment 1 (p = 0.868), 2 and 3 (p> 0.999). Conclusion: It is suggested that resistance training composed of mono and multi-joint exercises offers differences in hemodynamic responses but without differences between the types of mechanics applied by the exercises. Therefore, these results offer a partiality of what can happen with heart rate, blood pressure, and double product.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Intravenous Nitroglycerin With or Without Intravenous Lignocaine for Attenuation of Stress Responses to Endotracheal Intubation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Nabin Kumar Regmi ◽  
Grisuna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group I

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation lead to stress response which is characterized by transient rise in blood pressure and heart rate. This response is tolerated well in normal individuals but can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Search for the better drugs to suppress these responses is going on through decades.  Aim of Study: To compare the effects of IV nitroglycerin alone and in combination with IV lignocaine, on attenuation of stress response to end tracheal intubation.  Material and Methods: This is a randomized, double blind study conducted in 60patients admitted for operation at NGMCTH, between June 2018 to November 2018. Patients were of 16- 60 years age groups and belonging to ASA group I and II. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I IV Nitroglycerin 500 mcg+ NS 3 ml. (n=30) and Group IIIV Nitroglycerin 500 mcg+ IV Lignocaine 63 mg (n=30). Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and Heart rate (HR) were measured and Rate Pressure Product (RPP) calculated. Results: Baseline values were comparable in both groups. Post Intubation, there was significant decrease in SBP at 0,1,3 and 5 minutes while DBP and MAP significantly decreased at 1, 3 and 5 minutes, in both groups. Significant tachycardia was noted in both groups at 0,1and 3 minutes, and RPP remained unchanged in both groups. Conclusion: Nitroglycerin significantly decreases blood pressure, prevents rise in RPP but does not attenuate heart rate after end tracheal intubation. There is no benefit of adding IV lignocaine to IV nitroglycerin for attenuation of stress response to end tracheal intubation.

scholarly journals Different Cardiovascular Responses to a Resistance Training Session in Hypertensive Women Receiving Propanolol Compared with Normotensive Controls

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Moraes Miguel ◽  
Luis Alexandre Grings ◽  
Guilherme Borges Pereira ◽  
Richard Diego Leite ◽  
Amilton Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Leg Press

The aim of the present study was to compare the responses of blood pressure, heart rate, and rate-pressure product of hypertensive women using beta-blockers with healthy controls during resistance exercise (by the end of the concentric phase of the contractions) and in the postexercise period (5 and 30 minutes after). Ten untrained normotensive women (N) and 10 mildly hypertensive females receiving 40 mg/day of propanolol (H) were selected. Three sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 10 repetitions maximum with 30 s rest interval were performed on the leg press exercise. The H group exhibited lower systolic blood pressure after the second set compared with N. Heart rate and rate-pressure product were lower in H in all analyzed periods compared with N. Propanolol attenuates the cardiovascular response to a leg press resistance exercise in mildly hypertensive women.

scholarly journals Concurrent training effects on heart rate variability, blood pressure and fitness of middle-aged men and women

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-554
Author(s):  
Melissa Antunes ◽  
Valéria Bonganha ◽  
Giovana Verginia de Souza ◽  
Arthur Fernandes Gaspari ◽  
Cleiton A. Libardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Leg Press

The concurrent training led to beneficial effects on aerobic fitness and muscle strength. However, its effects on blood pressure (BP) and autonomic control marks are little studied. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent training effects on BP, autonomic control, aerobic fi tness and muscle strength of middle-aged men and women. Thirty-two volunteers (51.4 ± 4.2 years, systolic BP 115 ± 12 mmHg and diastolic BP 78 ± 8 mmHg) were divided into 4 groups of 8 volunteers: male concurrent training (MCT), female concurrent training (FCT), male sedentary control (MSC) and female sedentary control (FSC) groups. A minimum absence of menstruation for 12-months was required. Concurrent training, six resistance exercise for whole body followed by 30 min of jogging and/or running at 55%–85% of VO2peak, was performed three times a week. The main assessments were rest BP and cardiovascular autonomic markers evaluated through heart rate variability (iRR, LF, HF, LF/HF, RMSSD, pNN50, SD1 and SD2), aerobic fitness measured by cardiorespiratory test (VO2peak) and muscle strength by one repetition maximum (1-RM - arm curl, bench press and leg press). The concurrent training did not change any cardiovascular variables. Regarding fitness the MCT and FCT groups demonstrated signifi cant improvement in VO2peak (13.12% e 8.51%, respectively). Muscle strengthimproved significantly in the MCT group in all three exercises (arm curl: 26.53%; bench press: 25.04%; leg press: 65.37%), while FCT in just two exercises (arm curl: 12.79%; bench press: 17.25%). Although concurrent training appears to be a good alternative for inducing improvements in various physical fitnessvariables in male, its can induce concurrence in leg strength of female. Concurrent training is not an effective strategy to improve BP and autonomic nervous system.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of Esmolol, Lignocaine and Diltiazem as premedicant for attenuation of hemodynamic responses of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation- a comparative evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitrangna Gupta ◽  
Bhawana Rastogi ◽  
Salony Agarwal ◽  
V. P. Singh ◽  
Vineet K. Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Group D ◽  
Better Than

Background: Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia is almost always associated with hemodynamic stress response. The aim of this study was to compare esmolol, lignocaine and diltiazem for suppression of laryngoscopy and intubation response.Methods: This randomized prospective double-blind control study was performed on 120 patients of either sex, aged between 18 and 58 years of ASA physical status I and II with Mallampatti grade I and II, undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Patients were randomized in four groups, Group N (normal saline), Group E (esmolol) 1.5mg/kg I.V, Group D (diltiazem) 0.2mg/kg I.V, and Group L (lignocaine) 1.5mg/kg I.V with 30 patients in each group. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded during the basal period, preinduction, during intubation and at specified intervals.Results: There was significant increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate in the control group (Group N) in association with tracheal intubation. The heart rate was significantly lower in Group E (Esmolol group), followed by Group D (Diltiazem group) and Group L (Lignocaine group). Rate pressure product was significantly lower in group E as compared to other groups, followed by group D and group L. Maximum increase in rate pressure product (RPP) just after laryngoscopy and intubation was ±74.29% in group N, ±16.11% in group E, 25.38% in group D and 38.77%in group L.Conclusions: Esmolol was better than diltiazem and they both were better than lignocaine for preventing the hemodynamic response after laryngoscopy and intubation.

Caffeine and Placebo Expectation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Sun ◽  
Yinling Zhang ◽  
Ning He ◽  
Xufeng Liu ◽  
Danmin Miao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pressure Tests ◽  
Healthy Males

Abstract. Caffeine placebo expectation seems to improve vigilance and cognitive performance. This study investigated the effect of caffeine and placebo expectation on vigilance and cognitive performance during 28 h sleep deprivation. Ten healthy males volunteered to take part in the double-blind, cross-over study, which required participants to complete five treatment periods of 28 h separated by 1-week wash-out intervals. The treatments were no substance (Control); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 (C200); placebo 200 mg at 00:00 (P200); twice caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and 04:00 (C200-C200); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and placebo 200 mg at 04:00 (C200-P200). Participants were told that all capsules were caffeine and given information about the effects of caffeine to increase expectation. Vigilance was assessed by a three-letter cancellation test, cognitive functions by the continuous addition test and Stroop test, and cardiovascular regulation by heart rate and blood pressure. Tests were performed bihourly from 00:00 to 10:00 of the second day. Results indicated that C200-P200 and C200-C200 were more alert (p < .05) than Control and P200. Their cognitive functions were higher (p < .05) than Control and P200. Also, C200-P200 scored higher than C200 in the letter cancellation task (p < .05). No test showed any significant differences between C200-P200 and C200-C200. The results demonstrated that the combination of caffeine 200 mg and placebo 200 mg expectation exerted prolonged positive effects on vigilance and cognitive performance.

Reduction in Pain Sensitivity from Pharmacological Elevation of Blood Pressure in Persons with Chronically Low Blood Pressure

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Duschek ◽  
Heike Heiss ◽  
Boriana Buechner ◽  
Rainer Schandry
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Low Blood Pressure ◽  
Present Trial

Recent studies have revealed evidence for increased pain sensitivity in individuals with chronically low blood pressure. The present trial explored whether pain sensitivity can be reduced by pharmacological elevation of blood pressure. Effects of the sympathomimetic midodrine on threshold and tolerance to heat pain were examined in 52 hypotensive persons (mean blood pressure 96/61 mmHg) based on a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Heat stimuli were applied to the forearm via a contact thermode. Confounding of drug effects on pain perception with changes in skin temperature, temperature sensitivity, and mood were statistically controlled for. Compared to placebo, higher pain threshold and tolerance, increased blood pressure, as well as reduced heart rate were observed under the sympathomimetic condition. Increases in systolic blood pressure between points of measurement correlated positively with increases in pain threshold and tolerance, and decreases in heart rate were associated with increases in pain threshold. The findings underline the causal role of hypotension in the augmented pain sensitivity related to this condition. Pain reduction as a function of heart rate decrease suggests involvement of a baroreceptor-related mechanism in the pain attrition. The increased proneness of persons with chronic hypotension toward clinical pain is discussed.

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