scholarly journals Acute Effect of Citrulline Malate on Repetition Performance During Strength Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fredrik Tonstad Vårvik ◽  
Thomas Bjørnsen ◽  
Adam M. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Citrulline Malate

Citrulline malate (CitMal) is a dietary supplement that is suggested to enhance strength training performance. However, there is conflicting evidence on this matter. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine whether supplementing with CitMal prior to strength training could increase the total number of repetitions performed before reaching voluntary muscular failure. A systematic search was conducted wherein the inclusion criteria were double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in healthy participants that examined the effect of CitMal on repetitions to failure during upper body and lower body resistance exercises. The Hedges’s g standardized mean differences (SMD) between the placebo and CitMal trials were calculated and used in a random effect model. Two separate subanalyses were performed for upper body and lower body exercises. Eight studies, including 137 participants who consisted of strength-trained men (n = 101) and women (n = 26) in addition to untrained men (n = 9), fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Across the studies, 14 single-joint and multijoint exercises were performed with an average of 51 ± 23 total repetitions during 5 ± 3 sets per exercise at ∼70% of one-repetition maximum. Supplementing with 6–8 g of CitMal 40–60 min before exercise increased repetitions by 3 ± 5 (6.4 ± 7.9%) compared with placebo (p = .022) with a small SMD (0.196). The subanalysis for the lower body resulted in a tendency for an effect of the supplement (8.1 ± 8.4%, SMD: 0.27, p = .051) with no significant effect for the upper body (5.7 ± 8.4%, SMD: 0.16, p = .131). The current analysis observed a small ergogenic effect of CitMal compared with placebo. Acute CitMal supplementation may, therefore, delay fatigue and enhance muscle endurance during high-intensity strength training.

scholarly journals Effect of Secondary Education on Exclusive Breastfeeding: Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferda Fibi Tyas Nurkholifa ◽  
◽  
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Many studies reported the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for infants. However, there are many obstacles faced by lactating mothers to provide exclusive breastfeeding for their children. This study aimed to investigate the effect of secondary education on exclusive breastfeeding using a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used exclusive breastfeeding” AND “secondary education” OR “education for breastfeeding” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The study population was postpartum mothers. Intervention was secondary education with comparison primary education. The study outcome was exclusive breastfeeding. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesian language, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Peru, China, Nigeria, Korea, Ireland, Sub-Sahara, and South Australia were met the inclusion criteria. There was high heterogeneity between groups (I2= 94%; p<0.001). This study reported that secondary education reduced exclusive breastfeeding, but it was statistically non-significant (aOR= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.60 to 1.24; p= 0.430). Conclusion: Secondary education reduced exclusive breastfeeding, but it was statistically non-significant. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, secondary education, postpartum Correspondence: Ferda Fibi Tyas Nurkholifa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285655778863. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.131

A Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Prenatal Yoga in Reducing Cortisol Hormone in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Aflahiyah ◽  
◽  
Didik Gunawan Tamtomo ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Backgrund: A growing body of evidence suggests that activity of the stress-responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and its end-product cortisol also may be associated with perinatal emotional well-being. A number of preventive interventions, such as Yoga, targeting psychosocial and physiological risk factors for perinatal depression have utilized mind-body practices, which embody the idea that the mind interacts with the body to influence physical functioning, improve symptoms, and promote health. This study aimed to investigate effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing cortisol hormone in pregnancy Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. This study collected published articles during 2000 to 2020 from PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Proquest, and Chocrane electronic databases. The inclusion criteria were full text, randomized controlled trial, and prenatal yoga intervention. The study subjects were pregnant women who received prenatal yoga for 8 to 20 weeks. Outcome was cortisol hormone reduction during pregnancy. The selected articles were analyzed by PRISMA flow chart and RevMan 5.3. Results: 5 articles from America and Asia were met the inclusion criteria. This study had high heterogeneity (I2=88%; p<0.001). Therefore, this study used random effect model (REM). Prenatal yoga reduced cortisol level 0.59 times in pregnancy (Mean Difference= -0.59; 95% CI= 1.18 to 0.01; p= 0.050). Conclusion: Prenatal yoga is effective to reduce cortisol level in pregnant women. Keywords: prenatal yoga, cortisol hormone, pregnant women Correspondence: Shiva Aflahiyah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.47

The Effects of Ferric Carboxymaltose Versus Iron Sucrose on the Ferritin Level in Pregnant Women with Anemia: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astika Candra Nirwana ◽  
◽  
Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi ◽  
Bhisma Murti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Iron Sucrose ◽  
Ferric Carboxymaltose ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Background: Prophylactic oral iron is recommended during pregnancy to meet the increased requirement during the antenatal period. The most commonly used iron preparation for anemia in pregnancy is iron sucrose complex (ISC). The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose on the ferritin level in pregnant women with anemia. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from 2010 to 2019 in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used to search the articles including “Ferric Carboxymaltose”, “Ferric Carboxymaltose and anemia in pregnancy”, and “the effect of Ferric Carboxymaltose for anemia”. The inclusion criteria was full text with randomized control trial study, anemia therapy provision using ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose, and the study subjects were pregnant women with anemia. The selected articles were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 5 articles that meet the inclusion criteria were selected for this study. There was high heterogeneity between experiment group (I2 = 96%; p= 0.020). Therefore, this study used random effect model. Ferric carboxymaltose provision increased feritin level 0.89 times than iron sucrose (Mean Difference= 0.89; 95% CI= 0.12 to 1.66; p<0.001). Conclusion: Ferric carboxymaltose is effective to increased feritin level in pregnant women. Keywords: ferric carboxymaltose, iron sucrose, randomized controlled trial Correspondence: Astika Candra Nirwana. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085640018896 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.48

scholarly journals Snoring Is Associated With Increased Risk of Stroke: A Cumulative Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Bai ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Yifei Chen ◽  
Junxiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Active Approach ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Initial Discovery

Background: Several studies have suggested that snoring is associated with an increased risk of stroke; however, the results are inconsistent. We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies assessing the association between snoring and the risk of stroke in adults.Methods: We searched PubMed for relevant studies. A random-effect model was adopted to summary relative risks (RRs), and forest plots from a cumulative meta-analysis method were used for a better presentation of how the pooled RRs changed as updated evidence accumulated.Results: The literature search yielded 16 articles that met our inclusion criteria, and a total of 3,598 stroke patients and 145,901 participants were finally included in our analysis. A consistent trend toward association was found after the initial discovery, and the summary analysis indicated that snoring is associated with a 46% (RR, 1.46; 95%CI, 1.29–1.63; p &lt; 0.001) increased risk of stroke.Conclusions: Snoring is associated with a significantly increased risk for stroke, up to 46%. The importance of the current study lies in that we provide an imputes to take a more active approach against the increased risk of stroke in snorers.

scholarly journals Comparison of Rifabutin-Based Versus Rifampin-Based Regimens for the Treatment of Mycobacterium avium Complex: A meta-Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Hajikhani ◽  
Mohammad Javad Nasiri ◽  
Brian C. Adkinson ◽  
Taher Azimi ◽  
Farima Khalili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Similar Treatment

Background: The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) increases as immunosuppressed conditions become more common. MAC's standard treatment regimen includes a macrolide, ethambutol, and a rifamycin, among which rifampin and rifabutin are the most commonly used. Although current guidelines recommend initial therapy for MAC with rifampin, it has been theorized to be less efficacious than rifabutin.Methods: We reviewed the relevant scientific literature published up to February 18, 2020. Statistical analyses were performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software Version 2.0 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ). The pooled frequency with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was assessed using a random-effect model. We considered P &lt;0.05 as statistically significant for publication bias.Results: After reviewing 3665 records, we identified 24 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Among these studies, 8 had rifabutin in their regimens (rifabutin group) and 16 had rifampin in their regimens (rifampin group). The estimated pooled treatment success rate was found to be 54.7% (95% CI 41.0-67.0%) in rifabutin groups and 67.5% (95% CI 55.7-77.4%) in rifampin groups. There was no evidence of publication bias among the included studies (Egger’s test p-value was 0.7).Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that in comparison to Rifabutin, rifampin has similar treatment success rates in treating MAC. In order to determine the exact preference of each of these drugs, double-blind clinical trial studies are recommended.

Impact of oral administration of four Lactobacillus strains on Nugent score – systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de Vrese ◽  
C. Laue ◽  
E. Papazova ◽  
L. Petricevic ◽  
J. Schrezenmeir
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Nugent Score

We aimed at assessing the evidence for an effect on vaginal dysbiosis by oral administration of a mixture of Lactobacillus strains isolated from vaginal microbiota. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed the literature for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in which the effect of oral administration of a mixture of four Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus crispatus LbV 88 (DSM 22566), Lactobacillus gasseri LbV 150N (DSM 22583), Lactobacillus jensenii LbV 116 (DSM 22567) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LbV96 (DSM 22560)) on vaginal dysbiosis was examined based on Nugent score. Four RCTs were identified: a double-blind (DB)-RCT in 60 male-to-female transsexual women with neovagina; an open label RCT in 60 pregnant women with herpes virus infection; a DB-RCT in 36 women with bacterial vaginosis; a DB-RCT in 22 postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Only in the three DB-RCTs Nugent score was assessed. The meta-analysis of these trials showed a significant reduction of Nugent score by probiotics compared to placebo in the fixed (standardised mean differences (SMD) -0.561; confidence interval (CI) -0.935 to -0.186; P=0.004 and random effect models (SMD -0.561; CI -0.935 to -0.186; P=0.004). The odds ratio (OR) of the cases presenting with improved Nugent score after probiotics compared to placebo treatment showed a significant effect in the fixed (OR=3.936; CI 1.702 to 9.100; P=0.001) and random effect model (OR=3.902; CI 1.681 to 9.059; P=0.001) Cochran’s Q and I2 statistics showed no heterogeneity. This meta-analysis indicates that the oral intake of the pertinent Lactobacillus strains improves the microbial pattern in vaginal dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on QTc in Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Angelos Arfaras-Melainis ◽  
Andreas Tzoumas ◽  
Damianos G. Kokkinidis ◽  
Maria Salgado Guerrero ◽  
Dimitrios Varrias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Qtc Prolongation ◽  
Effect Model

Background: Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without the concomitant use of azithromycin have been widely used to treat patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on early in vitro studies, despite their potential to prolong the QTc interval of patients. Objective: This is a systematic review and metanalysis designed to assess the effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without the addition of azithromycin on the QTc of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and MedRxiv databases were reviewed. A random effect model meta-analysis was used, and I-square was used to assess the heterogeneity. The prespecified endpoints were ΔQTc, QTc prolongation > 500 ms and ΔQTc > 60 ms. Results: A total of 18 studies and 7179 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The use of hydroxychloroquine with or without the addition of azithromycin was associated with increased QTc when used as part of the management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The combination therapy with hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin was also associated with statistically significant increases in QTc. Moreover, the use of hydroxychloroquine alone, azithromycin alone, or the combination of the two was associated with increased numbers of patients that developed QTc prolongation > 500 ms. Conclusion: This systematic review and metanalysis revealed that the use of hydroxychloroquine alone or in conjunction with azithromycin was linked to an increase in the QTc interval of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection that received these agents.

scholarly journals Aspirin Use is Associated with Decreased Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod savarapu ◽  
Nischit Baral ◽  
Govinda Adhikari ◽  
Maxwell Akanbi ◽  
Basel Abdelazeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Inverse Variance ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Aspirin Group

Background: Novel Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in more than three and half million deaths worldwide as of June 6, 2021. The role of aspirin in prevention of COVID-19 mortality has not been much studied. We aimed to study the relationship between aspirin use and covid-19 mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane database for studies from January 2019 till June 6, 2021 with inclusion criteria of RCT, Cohort study, studies reporting mortality, and comparison studies on aspirin versus non-aspirin. Statistical analysis was done with Review Manager 5.4 statistical software using the inverse variance method. We assessed the pooled hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval using the random effect model and I-squared test was used to determine statistical heterogeneity. Results: We included five retrospective cohort studies which met our inclusion criteria with total of 14065 participants in both groups. There were 6797 participants in the aspirin group and 7268 participants in the non-aspirin group. Our results show that the use of aspirin was associated with 53% decrease in mortality compared to non-aspirin in patients with COVID-19 (adjusted HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35-0.63, P< 0.001, I2= 47%). In the analysis restricted to patients hospitalized for COVID-19, the use of aspirin was associated with a 49% reduction in the risk for in-hospital mortality (adjusted HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.33-0.80, P = 0.004, I2= 39%). Conclusions: Our results show that aspirin is associated with decrease in both overall mortality and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Cardiac Arrhythmias and COVID-19 – a Meta-analysis of Recent Reports

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam M. I. Salah ◽  
Jawahar L. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Introduction: The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a current pandemic. Cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 have been described in many studies; however, no studies have examined the prevalence and characterizations of cardiac arrhythmias among patients with COVID-19 infection. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias among patients with COVID-19 infection.Method: PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate databases were searched for relevant articles from inception until June 14, 2020. Inclusion criteria were: 1) Cohort studies or case series studies; 2) Study population included individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection; 3) Arrhythmic events were reported in the study. All other studies were excluded. MedCalc software was used to analyze the pooled data. The random-effect model was utilized to obtain the prevalence of arrhythmia among the included patients and its 95% confidence interval. Cohran's Q and I2 index were used for heterogeneity measurements. The main planned outcome was the prevalence of arrhythmia among patients with COVID-19 infection.Results: Thirteen studies with a total of 2861 patients met our inclusion criteria. The prevalence of arrhythmia among patients with COVID-19 infection was 8.1% (95% CI [6.10, 10.37]). 82.8% of the patients who had arrhythmia has severe illness (95% CI [70.916, 92.124]).Conclusion: The prevalence of arrhythmias among patients with COVID-19 infection is 8.1%, which is much higher than in the general population (2.35%).

scholarly journals Effects of Testosterone on Serum Concentrations, Fat-free Mass, and Physical Performance by Population: A Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa N Varanoske ◽  
Lee M Margolis ◽  
Stefan M Pasiakos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Young Males ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Testosterone (T) administration (TA) increases serum T and fat-free mass (FFM). Although TA-mediated increases in FFM may enhance physical performance, the data are largely equivocal, which may be due to differences in study populations, the magnitude of change in serum T and FFM, or the performance metrics. This meta-analysis explored effects of TA on serum T, FFM, and performance. Associations between increases in serum T and FFM were assessed, and whether changes in serum T or FFM, study population, or the performance metrics affected performance was determined. A systematic review of double-blind randomized trials comparing TA versus placebo on serum T, FFM, and performance was performed. Data were extracted from 20 manuscripts. Effect sizes (ESs) were assessed using Hedge’s g and a random effects model. Data are presented as ES (95% confidence interval). No significant correlation between changes in serum T and FFM was observed (P = .167). Greater increases in serum T, but not FFM, resulted in larger effects on performance. Larger increases in testosterone (7.26 [0.76-13.75]) and FFM (0.80 [0.20-1.41]) were observed in young males, but performance only improved in diseased (0.16 [0.05-0.28]) and older males (0.19 [0.10-0.29]). TA increased lower body (0.12 [0.07-0.18]), upper body (0.26 [0.11-0.40]), and handgrip (0.13 [0.04-0.22]) strength, lower body muscular endurance (0.38 [0.09-0.68]), and functional performance (0.20 [0.00-0.41]), but not lower body power or aerobic endurance. TA elicits increases in serum T and FFM in younger, older, and diseased males; however, the performance-enhancing effects of TA across studies were small, observed mostly in muscular strength and endurance, and only in older and diseased males.

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