Effects of Caffeine on Exertion, Skill Performance, and Physicality in Ice Hockey

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1422-1429
Author(s):  
Robyn F. Madden ◽  
Kelly A. Erdman ◽  
Jane Shearer ◽  
Lawrence L. Spriet ◽  
Reed Ferber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Performance Times

Purpose: To determine the effects of low-dose caffeine supplementation (3 mg/kg body mass) consumed 1 h before the experiment on rating of perceived exertion (RPE), skills performance (SP), and physicality in male college ice hockey players. Methods: Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover experimental design, 15 college ice hockey players participated in SP trials and 14 participated in scrimmage (SC) trials on a total of 4 d, with prescribed ice hockey tasks occurring after a 1-h high-intensity practice. In the SP trials, time to complete and error rate for each drill of the validated Western Hockey League Combines Testing Standard were recorded. Peak head accelerations, trunk contacts, and offensive performance were quantified during the SC trials using accelerometery and video analysis. RPE was assessed in both the SP and SC trials. Results: RPE was significantly greater in the caffeine (11.3 [2.0]) than placebo (9.9 [1.9]) condition postpractice (P = .002), with a trend toward greater RPE in caffeine (16.9 [1.8]) than placebo (15.7 [2.8]) post-SC (P = .05). There was a greater number of peak head accelerations in the caffeine (4.35 [0.24]) than placebo (4.14 [0.24]) condition (P = .028). Performance times, error rate, and RPE were not different between intervention conditions during the SP trials (P > .05). Conclusions: A low dose of caffeine has limited impact on sport-specific skill performance and RPE but may enhance physicality during ice hockey SCs.

Effect of Prior Fatiguing Sport-Specific Exercise on Field Hockey Passing Ability

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1324-1330
Author(s):  
Enzo Hollville ◽  
Vincent Le Croller ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirasawa ◽  
Rémi Husson ◽  
Giuseppe Rabita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Sprint Time ◽  
Skill Test ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Passing Ability

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of multiple sets of repeated-sprint-ability (RSA)-induced fatigue on subsequent passing-skill performance in field hockey players. Methods: A total of 10 elite U-21 (under-21) male field hockey players performed 5 sets of a combination of RSA test (6 × 20 m, 20 s of passive recovery) followed by a 1-min passing-skill test (passing reception with subsequent passes at a predesigned target). Data on fastest sprint time and cumulated sprint time for RSA test; total number of balls played, targeted, and passing accuracy (number of balls targeted/total number of balls played) for passing-skill test; heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE)  were collected throughout the protocol. Results: RSA performance was significantly impaired from set 1 to set 5 (fastest sprint time +4.1%, P < .001; cumulated sprint time +2.3%, P < .01). For a similar average number of balls played (12.8 [1.4]) during each set, number of balls targeted (−1.7%, P < .05) and passing accuracy (−3.1%, P < .05) decreased up to the third set before reimproving over the last 2 sets. Psychophysiological responses (HR, BLa, and RPE) progressively increased (P < .05) toward protocol cessation. The decrease in passing accuracy with increasing RSA cumulated sprint time was fitted to a 2nd-order polynomial function (r2 = .94, P < .05). Conclusion: Multiple-set RSA-induced fatigue was accompanied by passing-skill adjustment variation, suggesting a complex interaction between physiological and psychological/cognitive function to preserve passing skill under fatigued condition.

Internal Load of Female Varsity Ice Hockey Players During Training and Games During a Season

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Lynne Bigg ◽  
Alexander Shand Davis Gamble ◽  
Lawrence L. Spriet
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Training Impulse

AbstractThis study quantified internal load, using sessional rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and heart-rate derived training impulse (TRIMP), of female varsity ice hockey players throughout a season. Twenty-four female (19.8±1.4 yr, 68.0±6.9 kg) varsity ice hockey players participated in this prospective cohort study. Internal load was captured using sRPE and TRIMP for each on-ice session. Internal load was significantly higher (p<0.05) for games (sRPE: 324±202 AU, TRIMP: 95±60 AU) compared to training (sRPE: 248±120 AU, TRIMP: 68±32 AU). Overall, goalies had a higher internal load than forwards (sRPE and TRIMP) and defence (TRIMP), with no differences between forwards and defence. Micro-cycle periodization was present, with training sessions several days prior to game days having the highest internal load (sRPE and TRIMP) and tapering down as subsequent training sessions approached game day. For the meso-cycle assessment, for both training and competition combined, the post-season sRPE was greater than the pre-season (p=0.002) and regular season (p<0.001). Lastly, the association between sRPE and TRIMP, revealed a large, statistically significant relationship (r=0.592, p<0.001). Internal load was greater during competitions, training sessions and subsequent internal loads suggested prioritization around game days, the post-season phase demanded the highest internal load and there was a strong correlation between sRPE and TRIMP.

Internal Load of Male Varsity Ice Hockey Players During Training and Games Throughout an Entire Season

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Bigg ◽  
Alexander S.D. Gamble ◽  
Lawrence L. Spriet
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Training Impulse

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the internal load of male varsity ice hockey players, using both sessional rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and the heart rate–derived physiological measure of training impulse (TRIMP), during training sessions and competitions throughout an entire season. Methods: Twenty-seven male varsity ice hockey players (22.1 [1.1] y, 85.9 [5.4] kg, 181.3 [5.1] cm) were included in this longitudinal prospective cohort study. Results: The internal load was significantly higher (P < .001) for games (sRPE: 403 [184] arbitrary units [AU], TRIMP: 98 [59] AU) compared with training sessions (sRPE: 281 [130] AU, TRIMP: 71 [35] AU). The regular season had the highest internal load compared with the preseason and postseason. There was evidence of microcycle periodization with training sessions several days prior to game days having the highest internal load (both sRPE and TRIMP) and tapering down as the subsequent training sessions approached game day. For positional comparisons, the goalies had higher sRPE (346 [151] AU, P < .001) and TRIMP (99 [64] AU, P < .001) compared with defense (sRPE: 295 [130] AU, TRIMP: 65 [29] AU) and forwards (sRPE: 264 [123] AU, TRIMP: 70 [30] AU) for training sessions, but no significant differences were present for competitions. Finally, there was an overall moderate and statistically significant relationship between the sRPE and TRIMP internal load measures (r = .434, P < .001). Conclusions: Internal load was greater during competitions versus training sessions in male varsity ice hockey players, and the microcycle assessment demonstrated that training sessions were tailored to game day. Mesocycle assessment revealed the highest internal loads during the regular season due to dense game scheduling and a short season.

scholarly journals Caffeine improves biochemical and specific performance after judo training: a double-blind crossover study in a real judo training situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Euton Oliveira Carmo ◽  
Diego Ignácio Valenzuela Pérez ◽  
Charles Nardelli Valido ◽  
Jymmys Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Bianca Miarka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Biochemical Effect ◽  
Plasma Uric Acid ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables

Abstract Background Nutritional ergogenic aids are foods or nutrients that can improve physical performance. Among these foods with ergogenic properties, caffeine has shown that it can increase the fat catabolism, strength, and improve the cognition and time reaction of an athlete, therefore, it is hoped that it can improve the performance of judokas. This study through a double-blind crossover (supplement X placebo) protocol, investigated the effects caffeine supplementation (single capsule containing 5 mg/kg body mass intake 60 min before the session) on biochemical, anthropometrical, physical, subjective and hemodynamic variables measured before, during and after two typical judo trainingcxs sessions (120-min: 40-min of gymnastics; 40-min of specific technics and; 40-min of judo combat). Methods 8 high-level athletes (21.4 ± 2.0 years; 83.6 ± 15.2 kg; 1.8 ± 0.1 m; 17.9 ± 7.0 Fat%) were evaluated before and after each training for body mass, hydration, upper and lower limb power, performance in the special judo fitness test (SJFT), free fatty acids (FFA) in plasma, uric acid, glucose, lactate, heart rate, and pain. In addition, heart rate, FFA in plasma, uric acid, glucose, lactate, rating of perceived exertion and pain were assessed during the training. Results At 120 min, supplementation resulted in a higher concentration of plasma FFA (1.5 ± 0.5 vs. 1.0 ± 0.3 mmol/L; p = 0.047) and lactate (4.9 ± 1.8 vs. 3.0 ± 1.2 mmol/L; p = 0.047), and a lower concentration of uric acid (5.4 ± 0.9 vs. 7.0 ± 1.5 mg/dL; p = 0.04). Supplementation also resulted in performance maintenance (fatigue index) in the SJFT (Δ0.3 ± 2.0 vs Δ1.7 ± 2.5, for caffeine and placebo respectively, p = 0.046). No adverse effects were observed. Conclusion Based on the applied dose, intake time, and sample of this study, we can conclude that caffeine produces an ergogenic biochemical effect, and improves performance in judo athletes.

Carbohydrate mouth rinsing improves resistance training session performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana S Decimoni ◽  
Victor M Curty ◽  
Livia Almeida ◽  
Alexander J Koch ◽  
Jeffrey M Willardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mouth Rinsing

We investigated the effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on resistance exercise performance. Fifteen recreationally trained women (age 26 ± 4 y; height 1.61.9 ± 5.1 m; weight 59.5 ± 8.2 kg) completed two resistance exercise bouts consisting of three sets of five exercises (half-squat, leg press, bench press, military press, and seated row) to volitional fatigue with a 10 repetition-maximum load. Immediately prior to and during the middle of each exercise bout, subjects mouth rinsed for 10 s with 100 mL of either a 6% maltodextrin solution (CHO) or an artificially flavored solution (PLA) in a randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced fashion. Heart rate and perceived exertion were compared between conditions using a 2 (conditions) × 15 (time points) repeated measures ANOVA. Significant main effects were further analyzed using pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Total volume (exercises * sets * repetitions * load) between sessions was compared with a Student’s t-test. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 level of confidence. The CHO resulted in more repetitions performed during half-squat, bench press, military press, and seated row, for a significantly greater (∼12%) total volume load lifted versus PLA ( p = 0.039, ES: 0.49). Rating of perceived exertion was also significantly lower in the CHO versus PLA ( p = 0.020, ES: 0.28). These data indicate that CHO mouth rinsing can enhance high-volume resistance exercise performance and lower ratings of perceived exertion.

Increased Cardiorespiratory Stress During Submaximal Cycling After Ketone Monoester Ingestion in Endurance-Trained Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin Goddard McCarthy ◽  
William Bostad ◽  
Fiona Jane Powley ◽  
Jonathan P. Little ◽  
Douglas Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Ketone Body ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Threshold Intensity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
And Performance

There is growing interest in the effect of exogenous ketone body supplementation on exercise responses and performance. The limited studies to date have yielded equivocal data, likely due in part to differences in dosing strategy, increase in blood ketones, and participant training status. Using a randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced design, we examined the effect of ingesting a ketone monoester (KE) supplement (600 mg/kg body mass) or flavour-matched placebo in endurance-trained adults (n=10 males, n=9 females; VO2peak=57±8 ml/kg/min). Participants performed a 30-min cycling bout at ventilatory threshold intensity (71±3% VO2peak), followed 15 min later by a 3 kJ/kg body mass time-trial. KE versus placebo ingestion increased plasma [β-hydroxybutyrate] before exercise (3.9±1.0 vs 0.2±0.3 mM, p<0.0001, dz=3.4), ventilation (77±17 vs 71±15 L/min, p<0.0001, dz=1.3) and heart rate (155±11 vs 150±11 beats/min, p<0.001, dz=1.2) during exercise, and rating of perceived exertion at the end of exercise (15.4±1.6 vs 14.5±1.2, p<0.01, dz=0.85). Plasma [β-hydroxybutyrate] remained higher after KE vs placebo ingestion before the time-trial (3.5±1.0 vs 0.3±0.2 mM, p<0.0001, dz=3.1), but performance was not different (KE: 16:25±2:50 vs placebo: 16:06±2:40 min:s, p=0.20; dz=0.31). We conclude that acute ingestion of a relatively large KE bolus dose increased markers of cardiorespiratory stress during submaximal exercise in endurance-trained participants. Novelty bullets: •Limited studies have yielded equivocal data regarding exercise responses after acute ketone body supplementation. •Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced design, we found that ingestion of a large bolus dose of a commercial ketone monoester supplement increased markers of cardiorespiratory stress during cycling at ventilatory threshold intensity in endurance-trained adults.

scholarly journals Acute Caffeine Ingestion did not Enhance Punch Performance in Professional Mixed-Martial Arts Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur de Azevedo ◽  
Mauro Guerra ◽  
Leonardo Caldas ◽  
Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Force Transducer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Combat Sport ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Punch Force

Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a combat sport where competitors utilize strikes (punches, kicks, knees, and elbows) and submission techniques to defeat opponents in a cage or ring. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute caffeine ingestion on punching performance by professional MMA athletes. The study used a double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design. Eleven professional MMA competitors (27.6 ± 4.3 years and 83.5 ± 7.8 kg of body weight) ingested a dose of caffeine (5 mg·kg−1) or placebo 60 min prior to three sets of punching. Each set consisted of 15 s, at which participants were asked to perform straight punches with maximum strength and frequency with his dominant arm. After each set, a 45 s recovery time was applied. Using a force transducer attached to a cushioned plate, the punch frequency, and mean and maximal punch force was measured. The readiness to invest in both physical (RTIPE) and mental (RTIME) effort was assessed prior to the protocol, and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after. Caffeine ingestion did not result in increased punching frequency, mean and maximum punch force, RTIPE, RTIME, and RPE when compared to the placebo condition. Based on these results, acute caffeine ingestion did not improve punching performance in professional MMA athletes.

THE EFFECT OF BODY CHECKING POLICY CHANGE ON OFFENSIVE GAME SKILL PERFORMANCE IN 13–14 YEAR OLD ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 345.1-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ash Kolstad ◽  
Luc Nadeau ◽  
Paul Eliason ◽  
Luz Palacios-Derflingher ◽  
Claude Goulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Body Checking ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Skill Performance

scholarly journals The Dose-Effects of Caffeine on Lower Body Maximal Strength, Muscular Endurance, and Rating of Perceived Exertion in Strength-Trained Females

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3342
Author(s):  
Louise Jones ◽  
Iona Johnstone ◽  
Charlotte Day ◽  
Sasha Le Marquer ◽  
Andrew T. Hulton
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

Caffeine supplementation has shown to be an effective ergogenic aid enhancing athletic performance, although limited research within female populations exists. Therefore, the aim of the investigation was to assess the effect of pre-exercise caffeine supplementation on strength performance and muscular endurance in strength-trained females. In a double-blind, randomised, counterbalanced design, fourteen strength-trained females using hormonal contraception consumed either 3 or 6 mg·kg−1 BM of caffeine or placebo (PLA). Following supplementation, participants performed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) leg press and repetitions to failure (RF) at 60% of their 1RM. During the RF test, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded every five repetitions and total volume (TV) lifted was calculated. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that RF (p = 0.010) and TV (p = 0.012) attained significance, with pairwise comparisons indicating a significant difference between 3 mg·kg−1 BM and placebo for RF (p = 0.014), with an effect size of 0.56, and for 6 mg·kg−1 BM (p = 0.036) compared to the placebo, with an effect size of 0.65. No further significance was observed for 1RM or for RPE, and no difference was observed between caffeine trials. Although no impact on lower body muscular strength was observed, doses of 3 and 6 mg·kg−1 BM of caffeine improved lower body muscular endurance in resistance-trained females, which may have a practical application for enhancing resistance training stimuli and improving competitive performance.

Caffeinated Chewing Gum Improves Bicycle Motocross Time-Trial Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Daneshfar ◽  
Carl J. Petersen ◽  
Majid S. Koozehchian ◽  
Daniel E. Gahreman
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Measure Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measure Analysis

This study aimed to identify the acute effects of caffeinated chewing gum (CAF) on bicycle motocross (BMX) time-trial (TT) performance. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over design, 14 male BMX riders (age = 20.0 ± 3.3 years; height = 1.78 ± 0.04 m; body mass = 72 ± 4 kg), consumed either (300 mg; 4.2 ± 0.2 mg/kg) caffeinated (300 mg caffeine, 6 g sugars) or a placebo (0 mg caffeine, 0 g sugars) gum, and undertook three BMX TTs. Repeated-measure analysis revealed that CAF has a large ergogenic effect on TT time, F(1, 14) = 33.570, p = .001, ; −1.5% ± 0.4 compared with the placebo. Peak power and maximal power to weight ratio also increased significantly compared with the placebo condition, F(1, 14) = 54.666, p = .001, ; +3.5% ± 0.6, and F(1, 14) = 57.399, p = .001, ; +3% ± 0.3, respectively. Rating of perceived exertion was significantly lower F(1, 14) = 25.020, p = .001, in CAF (6.6 ± 1.3) compared with the placebo (7.2 ± 1.7). Administering a moderate dose (300 mg) of CAF could improve TT time by enhancing power and reducing the perception of exertion. BMX coaches and riders may consider consuming CAF before a BMX race to improve performance and reduce rating of perceived exertion.

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