Does the Grip Width Affect the Bench Press Performance of Paralympic Powerlifters?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1252-1259
Author(s):  
Marcelo Danillo Matos dos Santos ◽  
Felipe J. Aidar ◽  
Raphael Fabrício de Souza ◽  
Jymmys Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Andressa da Silva de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Press Performance ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Purpose: To verify the effects of using different grip widths in bench press performance in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: Twelve experienced Paralympic powerlifting male athletes (25.40 [3.30] y, 70.30 [12.15] kg) participated in the study. Maximal dynamic strength and maximal isometric strength (MIS) were determined. Then, mean propulsive velocity (MPV) using 25%, 50%, and 100% of maximal dynamic strength load and time to achieve 30%, 50%, and 100% of MIS were assessed with 4 different grip widths, specifically the biacromial distance (BAD: 42.83 [12.84] cm), 1.3 BAD (55.68 [16.70] cm), 1.5 BAD (63.20 [18.96] cm), and 81 cm. Electromyographic analysis was performed during MIS assessment in the pectoralis major sternal portion, anterior deltoid, triceps brachii long head, and pectoralis major clavicular portion. Results: Large differences were found between MPV performed with different grip widths using 25% of maximal dynamic strength load (P = .02, ). The 1.5 BAD grip tended to show greater force generation and MPV. Moreover, the time needed to achieve 30%, 50%, and 100% of MIS differed between grip widths (P = .03, ), with the lowest values obtained in the 1.5 BAD. Despite the nonstatistical differences that were found, grip widths caused moderate effects on muscle myoelectric activation, showing greater values for pectoralis major clavicular portion and pectoralis major sternal portion, for the 1.3 BAD and 1.5 BAD, respectively. The 1.5 BAD the grip width tended to show greater MPV values and faster contractile responses. Conclusions: These results highlighted the importance of choosing the specific grip width for improvement of performance in Paralympic powerlifting athletes, by increasing velocity of movement and force production in a shorter time, with greater activation of primary muscles.

scholarly journals Influence of Exercise Order on Electromyographic Activity During Upper Body Resistance Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Soncin ◽  
Juliana Pennone ◽  
Thiago M. Guimarães ◽  
Bruno Mezêncio ◽  
Alberto C. Amadio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Long Head

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise order on electromyographic activity in different muscle groups among youth men with experience in strength training. Three sets of 8 RM were performed of each exercise in two sequences order: (a) sequence A: bench press, chest fly, shoulder press, shoulder abduction, close grip bench press and lying triceps extension; (b) sequence B: the opposite order. The electromyographic activity was analyzed in the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and long head triceps brachii, normalized for maximal voluntary isometric contraction. The muscles activity of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and long head triceps brachii showed significant interaction between sequence and exercise. The sternocostal head of the pectoralis major showed considerably higher activity in sequence A (100.13 ± 13.56%) than sequence B (81.47 ± 13.09%) for the chest fly. The anterior deltoid showed significantly higher electromyographic activity in sequence B (86.81 ± 40.43%) than sequence A (66.15 ± 22.02%) for the chest fly, whereas for the lying triceps extension, the electromyographic activity was significantly higher in sequence A (53.89 ± 27.09%) than sequence B (34.32 ± 23.70%). For the long head triceps brachii, only the shoulder press showed differences between sequences (A = 52.43 ± 14.64 vs. B = 38.53 ± 16.26). The present study showed that the exercise order could modify the training results even though there was no alteration in volume and intensity of the exercise. These changes may result in different training adaptations.

scholarly journals Mind-muscle connection: effects of verbal instructions on muscle activity during bench press exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Laura Mancin ◽  
Matteo Saoncella ◽  
Davide Grigoletto ◽  
Francesco Q. Pacelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Electromyographic Signals

Different attentional foci may modify muscle activation during exercises. Our aim was to determine if it is possible to selectively activate the pectoralis major or triceps brachii muscles according to specific verbal instructions provided during the bench press exercise. 13 resistance-trained males (25.6±5.4 yrs, 182.7±9.1 cm, 86.4±9.7 kg) underwent an electromyographic signals acquisition of the sternocostal head, clavicular head of the pectoralis major, the anterior deltoid, and the long head of the triceps brachii (LT) during bench press exercise. Participants performed one non-instructed set (NIS) of 4 repetitions at 50% 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) and one NIS of 4 repetitions at 80% 1-RM. Four additional sets of 4 repetitions at 50% and 80% 1-RM were randomly performed with verbal instructions to isolate the chest muscles (chest instructed set, CIS) or to isolate the triceps muscles (triceps instructed set, TIS). Participants showed significantly higher LT activation during TIS compared to non-instructed set both at 50% (p=0.0199) and 80% 1-RM (p=0.0061) respectively. TIS elicited a significant (p=0.0250) higher activation of LT compared to CIS. Our results suggest that verbal instructions seem to be effective for increasing activity of the triceps brachii but not the pectoralis major during the bench press.

scholarly journals Effect of Five Bench Inclinations on the Electromyographic Activity of the Pectoralis Major, Anterior Deltoid, and Triceps Brachii during the Bench Press Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7339
Author(s):  
David Rodríguez-Ridao ◽  
José A. Antequera-Vique ◽  
Isabel Martín-Fuentes ◽  
José M. Muyor
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Upper Body Strength ◽  
Anterior Deltoid

The bench press exercise is one of the most used for training and for evaluating upper-body strength. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the electromyographic (EMG) activity levels of the pectoralis major (PM) in its three portions (upper portion, PMUP, middle portion, PMMP, and lower portion, PMLP), the anterior deltoid (AD), and the triceps brachii (TB) medial head during the bench press exercise at five bench angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60°). Thirty trained adults participated in the study. The EMG activity of the muscles was recorded at the aforementioned inclinations at 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The results showed that the maximal EMG activity for PMUP occurred at a bench inclination of 30°. PMMP and PMLP showed higher EMG activity at a 0° bench inclination. AD had the highest EMG activity at 60°. TB showed similar EMG activities at all bench inclinations. In conclusion, the horizontal bench press produces similar electromyographic activities for the pectoralis major and the anterior deltoid. An inclination of 30° produces greater activation of the upper portion of the pectoralis major. Inclinations greater than 45° produce significantly higher activation of the anterior deltoid and decrease the muscular performance of the pectoralis major.

scholarly journals Muscle activity in asymmetric bench press among resistance-trained individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 2517-2524
Author(s):  
Atle Hole Saeterbakken ◽  
Tom Erik J. Solstad ◽  
David G. Behm ◽  
Nicolay Stien ◽  
Matthew Peter Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Loaded Side

Abstract Purpose To determine the effects of asymmetric loads on muscle activity with the bench press. Method Seventeen resistance-trained men performed one familiarization session including testing one repetition maximum (1RM) and three 5 repetition maximum (RM) lifts; using symmetric loads, 5% asymmetric loads, and 10% asymmetric loads. The asymmetric loading (i.e., reduced load on one side) was calculated as 5% and 10% of the subject`s 1RM load. In the experimental session, the three conditions of 5RM were conducted with electromyographic activity from the pectoralis major, triceps brachii, biceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, and external oblique on both sides of the body. Results On the loaded side, asymmetric loads reduced triceps brachii activation compared to symmetric loads, whereas the other muscles demonstrated similar muscle activity between the three conditions. On the de-loaded side, 10% asymmetry in loading resulted in lower pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and biceps brachii activation compared to 5% asymmetric and symmetric loading. On the de-loaded side, only pectoralis major demonstrated lower muscle activation than symmetric loads. Furthermore, asymmetric loads increased external oblique activation on both sides compared to symmetric loads. Conclusions Asymmetric bench press loads reduced chest and shoulder muscle activity on the de-loaded side while maintaining the muscle activity for the loaded side. The authors recommend resistance-trained participants struggling with strength imbalances between sides, or activities require asymmetric force generation (i.e., alpine skiing or martial arts), to implement asymmetric training as a supplement to the traditional resistance training.

scholarly journals Comparison of electromyographic activity during the bench press and barbell pulloverexercises

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri de Almeida Costa Campos ◽  
Sandro Fernandes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Dynamic Contractions ◽  
Anterior Deltoid

The aim of the study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the following muscles: clavicular portion of pectoralis major, sternal portion of pectoralis major, long portion of triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid and latissimus dorsi during dynamic contractions between flat horizontal bench press and barbell pulloverexercises. The sample comprised 12 males individuals experienced in resistance training. The volunteers made three visits to the laboratory. The first one consisted of 12 repetitions of the exercises for the electromyographic data collection. The results showed a higher EMG activation of the pectoralis major and anterior deltoid muscles in the flat horizontal bench press in comparison with the barbell pullover. The triceps brachii and latissimus dorsi muscles were more activated in the barbell pullover.

scholarly journals Changes in Muscle Pattern Activity during the Asymmetric Flat Bench Press (Offset Training)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Jarosz ◽  
Artur Gołaś ◽  
Michal Krzysztofik ◽  
Patryk Matykiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Strońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Random Order ◽  
The Body ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Asymmetric Load ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Loaded Side

Background: This study aimed to compare the muscle activity between the symmetric and selected asymmetric loads (2.5%; 5% and 7.5% differences in load position between sides of the bar) during the flat bench press (BP) exercise at 70%1RM. The study included 10 resistance-trained males (25.3 ± 2.3 years; 82.9 ± 6.9 kg; 177.8 ± 4.5 cm; 1RM BP: 104.5 ± 8.6 kg; experience: 5.6 ± 1.5 years). Methods: To assess the differences in muscle activity between both sides of the body and load placement, the participants performed several attempts of the BP with symmetric and asymmetric load at 70%1RM in a random order (symmetric; 2.5%; 5% and 7.5% differences in load position between sides of the bar). Peak muscle activity of dominant and non-dominant body-side was recorded for the pectoralis major (PM), anterior deltoid (AD), and the long head of the triceps brachii (TB). Results: A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a statistically significant main interaction between side and load (p < 0.01) for AD, PM and TB muscles. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that asymmetrically loaded BP leads to significantly higher muscle activity on the loaded side of the body. The offset training method during bilateral resistance exercise may be an effective and simple approach for reductions in muscle imbalances and improvement in bilateral exercise performance.

scholarly journals An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6015
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Coratella ◽  
Gianpaolo Tornatore ◽  
Stefano Longo ◽  
Fabio Esposito ◽  
Emiliano Cè
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis

The present study examined the muscle activation in lateral raise with humerus rotated externally (LR-external), neutrally (LR-neutral), internally (LR-internal), with flexed elbow (LR-flexed) and frontal raise during both the concentric and eccentric phase. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed the exercises. Normalized surface electromyographic root mean square (sEMG RMS) was obtained from anterior, medial, and posterior deltoid, pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and triceps brachii. During the concentric phase, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise (effect size (ES)-range: 1.78/9.25)) and LR-internal (ES-range: 10.79/21.34), respectively, vs. all other exercises. Medial deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-neutral than LR-external (ES: 1.47 (95% confidence-interval—CI: 0.43/2.38)), frontal raise (ES: 10.28(95% CI: 6.67/13.01)), and LR-flexed (ES: 6.41(95% CI: 4.04/8.23)). Pectoralis major showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise vs. all other exercises (ES-range: 17.2/29.5), while upper trapezius (ES-range: 2.66/7.18) and triceps brachii (ES-range: 0.41/3.31) showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-internal vs. all other exercises. Similar recruitment patterns were found during the eccentric phase. When humerus rotates internally, greater activation of posterior deltoid, triceps brachii, and upper trapezius occurs. Humerus external rotation increases the activation of anterior and medial deltoid. Frontal raise mainly activates anterior deltoid and pectoralis major. LR variations and frontal raise activate specifically shoulders muscles and should be proposed accordingly.

Effects of Attentional Focus on Repetitions-to-Failure & Motor Unit Excitation During Submaximal Bench Press Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Collum ◽  
Ronald Snarr ◽  
Nicholas Siekirk ◽  
Samuel Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Press Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Focus Strategy ◽  
Repetitions To Failure

Attentional focus strategies refer to the use of cues or other stimuli to enhance an individual’s concentration for the purpose of improving performance within a given task. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of an internal (INT), external proximal (EPr), and external distal (ED) method of attentional focus on motor unit excitation and repetitions-to-failure (RTF) during submaximal bench press performance. METHODS: Twenty-five recreationally-active males and females completed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press test, followed by three days of submaximal testing at 85% 1RM to muscular failure. For each submaximal day, a specific attentional focus strategy was given by auditory cues (i.e., INT, EPr, ED) with the individual instructed to focus solely on the cue. Motor unit recruitment of the anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii was measured, via electromyography (EMG), for each repetition for all interventions. RESULTS: Results indicated no differences for motor unit excitation (chest: p=0.59; triceps: p=0.50; deltoids: p=0.17) or RTF (p=0.89) among the three conditions. The INT cue, as compared to EPr and ED, elicited a ~7-10% average increase in pectoralis major motor unit excitation, despite an average of one less repetition. All effect sizes were deemed small or trivial, except for RTF between INT and ED which elicited a moderate effect size (ES=0.55). CONCLUSIONS: These findings support previous literature demonstrating increases in motor unit excitation with an internal attentional focus. However, this strategy may place a greater demand on the targeted musculature to complete a given task; thus, decreasing performance.

scholarly journals CROSSFIT TRAININGS AS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO PREVENT THE PERFORMANCE LOSS DURING THE REST OF THE END OF SEASON IN ELITE WRESTLERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
S Özbay ◽  
T Akbulut ◽  
V Cinar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Crossfit Training ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Aim. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Crossfit training in order to minimize performance loss of elite wrestlers during 30-day rest period. Materials and Methods. Total 23 elite male wrestlers who competed at the last national championship participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups as Crossfit and control group. The Crossfit group performed 5 pull-ups, 10 push-ups and 15 squat exercises consecutively (Crossfit-Cindy) for total 20-min, during the 30-day period, 6 days per week. The Control group did not perform any exercise programs during this period. Before and after the 30-day period, athletes were applied anthropometric measurements as well as VO2max (aerobic capacity), bench press and squat (maximal dynamic strength), leg and handgrip strength (isometric strength), pull-up and push-up (strength endurance) tests. Results. After the 30-day period in the control group, body weight and body fat percentage (BF %) increased significantly, whereas all performance variables decreased significantly. Maximal dynamic strength and aerobic capacity values decreased significantly in the Crossfit group, while body weight, body fat percentage, isometric strength and strength endurance values were maintained. Moreover, the decrease in VO2max and bench press tests was higher in the control group than in the Crossfit group. Conclusion: Consequently, the present study showed that 20-min Crossfit training was highly effective in maintaining the form of elite wrestlers during a 30-day rest period

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