Preseason Training Improves Perception of Fatigue and Recovery From a Futsal Training Session

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carolina Franco Wilke ◽  
Samuel P. Wanner ◽  
Eduardo M. Penna ◽  
André Maia-Lima ◽  
Weslley H.M. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Perception Of Effort ◽  
Recovery Profile ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
Mood Scale

Purpose: To compare the posttraining recovery timeline of elite Brazilian futsal athletes before (Pre-PS) and after 10 weeks of the preseason (Post-PS) period of high-intensity technical–tactical training. Methods: At the start (n = 13) and at the end of the preseason (n = 7), under-20 male futsal players undertook fitness testing for maximal aerobic power, the countermovement jump (CMJ), and the 10-m sprint with change of direction. Furthermore, at both Pre-PS and Post-PS, the players participated in a training session where performance and psychophysiological measures were recorded before, immediately, 3, 24, and 48 hours postsession. The measures included CMJ, 10-m sprint, creatine kinase, Total Quality Recovery Scale, and Brunel Mood Scale. Effect size (ES) analyses compared fitness and posttraining recovery values for each parameter at Pre-PS versus Post-PS. Results: Only trivial ES (−0.02 to 0.11) was evident in maximal aerobic power, CMJ, and 10-m sprint at Post-PS compared with Pre-PS. For the timeline of recovery, only trivial and small ESs were evident for the 10-m sprint (−0.12 to 0.49), though CMJ recovery was improved at 3 hours (0.87) and 48 hours (1.27) at Post-PS and creatine kinase was lower at 48 hours (−1.33) at Post-PS. Perception of recovery was improved in Post-PS at 3 hours (1.50) and 24 hours postsession (0.92). Furthermore, perception of effort was lower immediately after the session (−0.29), fatigue was lower at 3 hours (−0.63), and vigor responses were improved in all postseason assessments (0.59 to 1.13). Conclusion: Despite minimal changes in fitness, preseason training attenuated players’ perception of effort and fatigue and improved their recovery profile following a high-intensity technical–tactical training session.

scholarly journals The Reliability of Measuring Gross Efficiency During High-Intensity Cycling Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Richard Ebreo ◽  
Louis Passfield ◽  
James Hopker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Gross Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability of calculating gross efficiency (GE) conventionally and using a back extrapolation (BE) method during high-intensity exercise (HIE). Methods: A total of 12 trained participants completed 2 HIE bouts (P1 = 4 min at 80% maximal aerobic power [MAP]; P2 = 4 min at 100%MAP). GE was calculated conventionally in the last 3 minutes of submaximal (50%MAP) cycling bouts performed before and after HIE (Pre50%MAP and Post50%MAP). To calculate GE using BE (BGE), a linear regression of GE submaximal values post-HIE were back extrapolated to the end of the HIE bout. Results: BGE was significantly correlated with Post50%MAP GE in P1 (r = .63; P = .01) and in P2 (r = .85; P = .002). Reliability data for P1 and P2 BGE demonstrate a mean coefficient of variation of 7.8% and 9.8% with limits of agreement of 4.3% and 4.5% in relative GE units, respectively. P2 BGE was significantly lower than P2 Post50%MAP GE (18.1% [1.6%] vs 20.3% [1.7%]; P = .01). Using a declining GE from the BE method, there was a 44% greater anaerobic contribution compared with assuming a constant GE during 4-minute HIE at 100%MAP. Conclusion: HIE acutely reduced BGE at 100%MAP. A greater anaerobic contribution to exercise as well as excess postexercise oxygen consumption at 100%MAP may contribute to this decline in efficiency. The BE method may be a reliable and valid tool in both estimating GE during HIE and calculating aerobic and anaerobic contributions.

scholarly journals Cardiac remodeling after six weeks of high-intensity interval training to exhaustion in endurance-trained males

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haïfa Mahjoub ◽  
Olivier Le Blanc ◽  
Myriam Paquette ◽  
Sarah Imhoff ◽  
Lawrence Labrecque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTHigh-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves physical performance of endurance athletes, although studies examining its cardiovascular effects are sparse. We evaluated the impact of HIIT on blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac cavities size and function in endurance-trained adults. Seventeen endurance-trained males underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and Doppler echocardiography at baseline and after 6 weeks of HIIT. Participants were divided in 2 groups (85% maximal aerobic power (MP); HIIT85, n=8 and 115% MP; HIIT115, n = 9) in order to compare the impact of different HIIT intensities. ABPM and cardiac chambers size and function were similar between groups at baseline. HIIT reduced heart rate (55 ± 8 vs. 51 ± 7 bpm; p= 0.003), systolic blood pressure (SBP; 121 ± 11 vs 118 ± 9 mmHg; p = 0.01), mean arterial pressure (MAP; 90 ± 8 vs 89 ± 6 mmHg; p = 0.03) and pulse pressure (52 ± 6 vs 49 ± 5 mmHg; p = 0.01), irrespective of training intensity. Left atrium (LA) volumes increased after HIIT (maximal: 50 ± 14 vs 54 ±14 ml; p= 0.02; minimal: 15 ± 5 vs 20 ± 8 ml; p = 0.01) in both groups. Right ventricle (RV) global longitudinal strain lowered after training in the HIIT85 group only (20 ± 4 vs. 17 ± 3%, p = 0.04). In endurance-trained males, six weeks of HIIT reduce SBP and MAP and increase LA volumes irrespective of training intensity, whereas submaximal HIIT deteriorates RV systolic function.Key pointsHigh-intensity interval training improves physical performance of endurance athletes, although studies examining its cardiovascular effects are sparse.We evaluated the impact of submaximal (85% maximal aerobic power) and supramaximal (115% maximal aerobic power) high-intensity interval training on ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac cavities size and function in endurance-trained adults.Irrespective of training intensity, six weeks of high-intensity interval training increase left atrial volumes in endurance-trained adults, whereas the submaximal training decreases right ventricular systolic function.These results may help identify the exercise threshold for potential toxicity of intense exercise training for at-risk individuals and ideal exercise training regimens conferring optimal cardiovascular protection and adapted endurance training for athletes.

scholarly journals Cardiac remodeling after six weeks of high-intensity interval training to exhaustion in endurance-trained men

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (4) ◽  
pp. H685-H694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haïfa Mahjoub ◽  
Olivier Le Blanc ◽  
Myriam Paquette ◽  
Sarah Imhoff ◽  
Lawrence Labrecque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
The Impact

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves physical performance of endurance athletes, although studies examining its cardiovascular effects are sparse. We evaluated the impact of HIIT on blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac cavities’ size and function in endurance-trained adults. Seventeen endurance-trained men underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Doppler echocardiography at baseline and after 6 wk of HIIT. Participants were divided into 2 groups [85% maximal aerobic power (HIIT85), n = 8 and 115% maximal aerobic power (HIIT115), n = 9] to compare the impact of different HIIT intensities. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cardiac chambers’ size and function were similar between groups at baseline. HIIT reduced heart rate (55 ± 8 vs. 51 ± 7 beats/min; P = 0.003), systolic blood pressure (121 ± 11 vs. 118 ± 9 mmHg; P = 0.01), mean arterial pressure (90 ± 8 vs. 89 ± 6 mmHg; P = 0.03), and pulse pressure (52 ± 6 vs. 49 ± 5 mmHg; P = 0.01) irrespective of training intensity. Left atrium volumes increased after HIIT (maximal: 50 ± 14 vs. 54 ± 14 mL; P = 0.02; minimal: 15 ± 5 vs. 20 ± 8 mL; P = 0.01) in both groups. Right ventricle global longitudinal strain lowered after training in the HIIT85 group only (20 ± 4 vs. 17 ± 3%, P = 0.04). In endurance-trained men, 6 wk of HIIT reduced systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure and increased left atrium volumes irrespective of training intensity, whereas submaximal HIIT deteriorated right ventricle systolic function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The novel findings of this study are that 6 wk of high-intensity interval training increases left atrial volumes irrespective of training intensity (85 or 115% maximal aerobic power), whereas the submaximal training decreases right ventricular systolic function in endurance-trained men. These results may help identify the exercise threshold for potential toxicity of intense exercise training for at-risk individuals and ideal exercise training regimens conferring optimal cardiovascular protection and adapted endurance training for athletes.

scholarly journals Faster and Slower Posttraining Recovery in Futsal: Multifactorial Classification of Recovery Profiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1089-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina F. Wilke ◽  
Felipe Augusto P. Fernandes ◽  
Flávio Vinícius C. Martins ◽  
Anísio M. Lacerda ◽  
Fabio Y. Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Quality Of Recovery ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Mood Scale

Purpose: To investigate the existence of faster vs slower recovery profiles in futsal and factors distinguishing them. Methods: 22 male futsal players were evaluated in countermovement jump, 10-m sprint, creatine kinase, total quality of recovery (TQR), and Brunel Mood Scale (fatigue and vigor) before and immediately and 3, 24, and 48 h posttraining. Hierarchical cluster analysis allocated players to different recovery profiles using the area under the curve (AUC) of the percentage differences from baseline. One-way ANOVA compared the time course of each variable and players’ characteristics between clusters. Results: Three clusters were identified and labeled faster recovery (FR), slower physiological recovery (SLphy), and slower perceptual recovery (SLperc). FR presented better AUC in 10-m sprint than SLphy (P = .001) and SLperc (P = .008), as well as better TQR SLphy (P = .018) and SLperc (P = .026). SLperc showed better AUC in countermovement jump than SLphy (P = .014) but presented worse fatigue AUC than SLphy (P = .014) and FR (P = .008). AUC of creatine kinase was worse in SLphy than in FR (P = .001) and SLperc (P < .001). The SLphy players were younger than SLperc players (P = .027), whereas FR were slower 10-m sprinters than SLphy players (P = .003) and SLperc (P = .013) and tended to have higher maximal oxygen consumption than SLphy (effect size =1.13). Conclusion: Different posttraining recovery profiles exist in futsal players, possibly influenced by their physical abilities and age/experience.

scholarly journals Relationships between acute race-induced changes in creatine kinase activity and blood plasma myoglobin concentration and race performance in mountain bike and road cyclists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Hebisz ◽  
Jacek Borkowski ◽  
Rafal Hebisz
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Road Cyclists ◽  
Race Performance

The aim of this study was to determine if the changes in plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and myoglobin (MB) concentrations as markers of muscle damage differ between competitive road (n = 14) and mountain bike (n = 11) cyclists and if these biochemical markers show a relationship with real-world race performance. CK and MB were measured from blood samples collected 2 hours before race start and 1 hour after race completion and the change in pre- and post-race difference was calculated (ΔCK and ΔMB). An incremental exercise test was used to determine maximal oxygen uptake, maximal aerobic power, and power output at the second ventilatory threshold. Post-race CK and MB increased in the whole group of cyclists. Although the magnitude of change in CK was similar in both road and mountain bike cyclists, only the increase in road cyclists was significant. MB significantly increased only in mountain bike cyclists. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant association between both road and mountain bike race performance and ΔCK and ΔMB. The other significant predictors for mountain bike race performance were maximal aerobic power (W?kg-1) and power output at the second ventilatory threshold (W?kg-1) and for road race performance both maximal oxygen uptake (l?min-1) and power output at the second ventilatory threshold (W). In conclusion, mountain bike racing was associated with an increase in MB whereas road racing with an increase in CK, with the post-race changes in CK and MB related to race performance as high ΔCK and low ΔMB were obtained by better-performing cyclists.

scholarly journals Dynamic cerebral autoregulation of endurance-trained men following 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training to exhaustion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Drapeau ◽  
Lawrence Labrecque ◽  
Sarah Imhoff ◽  
Myriam Paquette ◽  
Olivier Le Blanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cerebral Autoregulation ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation

ABSTRACTElevated cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with reduced dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA), but the impact of exercise trainingper seon dCA remains equivocal. In addition, resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and dCA after high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in individuals with already high CRF is unknown. We examined to what extent 6 weeks of HIIT affect resting CBF and dCA in cardiorespiratory fit men and explored if potential changes are intensity-dependent. Endurance-trained men were assigned to group HIIT85(85% of maximal aerobic power, 1 to 7 min effort bouts, n = 8) and HIIT115(115% of maximal aerobic power, 30 s to 1 min effort bouts, n = 9). Training sessions were completed until exhaustion 3 times/week over 6 weeks. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCAvmean) were measured continuously at rest and during repeated squat-stands (0.05 and 0.10 Hz). Transfer function analysis (TFA) was used to characterize dCA on driven blood pressure oscillations during repeated squat-stands. Neither training nor intensity had an effect on resting MAP and MCAvmean(bothP> 0.05). TFA phase during 0.10 Hz squat-stands decreased after HIIT irrespective of intensity (HIIT85: 0.77 ± 0.22 vs. 0.67 ± 0.18 radians; HIIT115: pre: 0.62 ± 0.19 vs. post: 0.59 ± 0.13 radians, time effectP= 0.048). These results suggest that HIIT over 6 weeks have no apparent benefits on resting CBF, but a subtle attenuation in dCA is seen posttraining irrespective of intensity training in endurance-trained men.NEW & NOTEWORTHYThe novel findings of this study are that 6 weeks of submaximal and supramaximal high-intensity interval exercise to exhaustion reduce dynamic cerebral autoregulation irrespective of training intensity in endurance-trained men. However, these HIIT protocols do not influence resting cerebral blood flow in these individuals. The results indicate the cerebrovasculature of endurance-trained men has an attenuated ability to react to large and rapid changes in blood pressure following HIIT.

Maximal aerobic power in essential hypertension

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fagard ◽  
Jan Staessen ◽  
Antoon Amery
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power
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