Influence of Age, Gender, and Obesity on the Mechanical Properties of the Heel Pad under Walking Impact Conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Alcántara ◽  
Arturo Forner ◽  
Elena Ferrús ◽  
Ana-Cruz García ◽  
José Ramiro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Peak Displacement ◽  
Impact Mechanics ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Heel Pad ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Ballistic Pendulum

Impact mechanics of the human heel pad were studied using a ballistic pendulum. Young and elderly men and women took part in the experiment. Twelve parameters were used to describe heel pad properties. Analysis of variance was conducted to assess the influence of age, gender, and obesity. Heel pad properties were correlated with impact force and time to peak force in order to study impact mechanics. Maximal stiffness, peak displacement, and energy absorption were established so as to sufficiently describe impact properties of the heel pad. Age, gender, and obesity introduced significant differences in heel pad properties. Peak displacement and time to peak force increased in the elderly. Women presented a shorter time to peak force together with lower peak displacement, energy absorption, and lower maximal stiffness than men. Obese elderly showed lower impact forces, longer time to peak, and greater peak displacement than non-obese and younger participants. In addition, energy absorption was greater and maximal stiffness was lower for obese than for non-obese participants.

Treated knitted fabric for hip-protective pads for elderly women, part I: force attenuation capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 1408-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiah Wardiningsih ◽  
Olga Troynikov
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Shear Thickening ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Shear Thickening Fluid ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

This paper describes a study of hip-protective pads made from warp-knitted spacer fabric treated with shear thickening fluid (STF). Hip fractures, mostly caused by falls, are a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality in the elderly, and incidence is rising worldwide. Hip-protective pads reduce fractures, but wearing adherence is poor. Protective pads made from breathable and comfortable fabrics can improve adherence and prevent more hip fractures. In this research, warp-knitted spacer fabrics were treated with STF using different methods. Treatment 1 involved STF and room-temperature vulcanizing silicone, while treatment 2 applied STF and tetraisopropyl titanate. The effects on force attenuation capacity of each treatment method, the amount of STF used, and fabric layering were measured using drop impact tests. Treated knitted spacer fabric had significantly higher force attenuation capacity than untreated knitted spacer fabric. Impact forces decreased as the number of layers increased and as STF concentrations rose. Treatments 1 and 2 produced fabrics with force attenuation capacity similar to that of closed-cell foam.

scholarly journals The effects of teaching methods of palliative care on life pattern of old women with chronic pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hesari ◽  
Zahra Sabzi ◽  
Shohreh Kolagari
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Old People ◽  
Life Pattern

Chronic pain is among problems of old people and causes changes in their life pattern and processes. Teaching palliative care can help old people suffering from chronic pain to live an active life. The aim of this research was to determine effects of educating of palliative care on life pattern of elderly women with chronic pain. The present study was a Quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post test was conducted on 30 elderly women suffering from chronic pain in 2018 in Iran. The Questionnaire for evaluating the Pattern of Life with Pain in the elderly was filled before the intervention, group educating of palliative care was carried out using an educational package, and the questionnaire was completed again immediately and one and three months after. The data was analyzed using mean, standard deviations, Fisher’s F test, and Greenhouse-Geisser and Bonferroni post-hoc test by employing SPSS- 16. Mean changes before teaching palliative care significantly differed from those of immediately and one and three months after the educational program (p = 0.0), (p = 0.004). There were significant differences between the stages of immediately and one month after the educational program and that of three months after it (p = 0.001), (p = 0.002). Concerning the personal life patterns, there were statistically significant differences between the stage immediately after the educational program and those before the intervention and three months after it (p = 0.005), (p = 0.000). Regarding the social life pattern, only the stage of one month after the educational program significantly differed from that of three months (p = 0.005). Mean growth in life pattern of the old women suffering from chronic pain in the stages after the intervention indicated the importance of and the necessity for palliative care during old age. Moreover, the success of this education three months after the educational program as compared to immediately and one month after it indicates that allocation of sufficient time plays a very important role in transferring information and in teaching methods of palliative care to old people.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life of Elderly Women with Fall Experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7804
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Song ◽  
Eunwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Basic Data ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to describe the health-related quality of life of elderly women with experience in fall treatment as well as to prepare basic data for the development of interventions to improve the quality of life for this group. The study was based on raw data from the 2019 Korea Community Health Survey. Using the SPSS program, the characteristics of the subjects were tested by frequency, percentage, and chi-square test. To establish the impact of fall experience on the health-related quality of life of elderly women, the OR and 95% CI were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Of the 4260 people surveyed, 44.7% of the elderly women said they had a high quality of life, whereas 55.3% of the elderly women said they had a low quality of life. A younger age was associated with a better-rated health-related quality of life. Those who lived in a city and had a high level of education tended to describe a high quality of life. The quality of life was considered high by those who exercised, but low by those who were obese or diabetic. The results of this study can lead to a better understanding of the experiences of elderly women who have experienced falls, and they can be used as basic data for the development of related health programs.

scholarly journals Effects of Cognicise-Neurofeedback on Health Locus of Control, Depression, and Quantitative Electroencephalography Alpha Asymmetry in Elderly Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Heewook Weon ◽  
Jieun Yoo ◽  
Jumhwa Yu ◽  
Miso Park ◽  
Haekyoung Son
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Electroencephalography ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: With an increase in the aged population, there is a growing concern regarding the care of the elderly. This study aims to identify effects of cognicise-neurofeedback on health locus of control, depression, and quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) alpha asymmetry in elderly women. Methods: A quasi-experimental control group pre-test–post-test design was used. Korean women aged 65 years or over at a senior welfare center were randomly allocated to the control (n = 12) or experimental (n = 19) groups from July to October 2019. The intervention consisted of cognicise (exercise with intensified cognitive activity) and neurofeedback twice a week for 10 weeks. The locus of control and depression were measured via self-reported questionnaires. QEEG alpha asymmetry was measured using BrainMaster. Results: Depression significantly decreased in the experimental group (t = 4.113, p = 0.001), while internality in the locus of control significantly decreased in the control group (t = 3.023, p = 0.012). On the other hand, QEEG alpha asymmetry index differences in F3-F4 between the pre-test and post-test were not significant in the experimental group (t = 0.491, p = 0.629) or control group (t = 0.413, p = 0.678). Conclusions: Due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, contact between the elderly and healthcare workers in the clinical practice field has become more restricted. These findings can help decrease negative emotions among elderly women in the community based on an integrated neuroscientific approach.

Control of Rapidly Executed Forces to a Target

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-836
Author(s):  
Donald Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Force Amplitude ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Rapid Responses ◽  
Force Time

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether initial measures of impulse (i.e., area under the force-time curve) could be used to predict peak force (PF) in hand grip responses of 5- and 10-kg amplitude executed as rapidly as possible. 12 subjects performed 75 practice and 25 test contractions in each condition, with and without visual feedback. The time to peak (PT) for the 5-kg responses was 41 msec., while the 10-kg condition averaged 56 msec. Analyses demonstrated no effect for visual feedback. Correlational analyses of cumulative impulse sections from 5 msec., to PF within conditions showed that early measures of force within a response were not very good predictors of final force amplitude. Indeed, for both conditions upwards of 85% of a reponse needed to have occurred before 50% of PF variance could be predicted. Analyses across conditions demonstrated that 50% of PF variance could be predicted between 15 and 20 msec. PT was also an important predictor variable. By using PT along with cumulative impulse 50% of the variance in PF could be predicted prior to 10 msec., at 5 kg (25% of PT) and at about 15 msec., for 10 kg (27% of PT). Across conditions, 85% of the variance in PF was predictable by 5 msec. Such results suggest that either more refined response indices are needed in predicting response outcome or that even for very rapid responses some lower level “tuning” probably occurs after initiation.

Consequences of Gender Differentials in Life Expectancy for Black and Hispanic Americans

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriakos S. Markides
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Hispanic Americans ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Gender Differentials

Increased survival by blacks and Hispanics is causing a widening of the sex imbalance of the elderly population much like we have observed in the general population. These demographic trends point toward greater widowhood among minority women and continuing high rates of poverty. In addition, we can expect increased rates of disability in minority elderly women, increased dependency, worsening intergenerational relationships, and higher rates of institutionalization.

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