Influence of Age and Body Mass Index on Measures of Physical Fitness in U.S. Army Soldiers

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Knapik ◽  
Bruce H. Jones ◽  
James A. Vogel ◽  
Louis E. Banderet ◽  
Michael S. Bahrke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance

This study describes associations between age, body mass index (BMI), and performance on three common measures of physical fitness: maximum pushups in 2 min, maximum sit-ups in 2 min, and 3.2-km run for time. Subjects were 5,346 healthy male soldiers, ages 18 to 53 years. Before age 30, there were few age-related differences between the youngest and the older age groups on any test; after age 30, performance declined as age increased, averaging 16%, 17%, and 7% per decade for push-ups, sit-ups, and the run, respectively. Regression analysis showed that age accounted for 10%, 15% and 9% of the variance in push-up, sit-up, and run performances, respectively. When BMI was added to the regression model it increased the variance accounted for in the run to 16% (age plus BMI) but did not explain variance in push-ups or sit-ups. There are systematic age-related declines in the performance of push-ups, sit-ups, and 3.2-km running, with age alone accounting for only 9% to 15% of the total performance variance in this sample of healthy men.

scholarly journals Differential pulsatile secretagogue control of GH secretion in healthy men

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (9) ◽  
pp. R712-R719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Norman ◽  
John Miles ◽  
Cyril Y. Bowers ◽  
Johannes D. Veldhuis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Integrated Regulation

Pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion putatively reflects integrated regulation by GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin (SST), and GH-releasing peptide (GHRP). GHRH and SST secretion is itself pulsatile. However, how GHRH and SST pulses act along with GHRP to jointly determine pulsatile GH secretion is unclear. Moreover, how testosterone (T) modulates such interactions is unknown. These queries were assessed in a prospectively randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind cohort comprising 26 healthy older men randomized to testosterone (T) vs. placebo supplementation. Pulses of GHRH, SST, or saline were infused intravenously at 90-min intervals for 13 h, along with either continuous saline or ghrelin analog (GHRP-2). The train of pulses was followed by a triple stimulus (combined l-arginine, GHRH, and GHRP-2) to estimate near-maximal GH secretion over a final 3 h. Testosterone vs. placebo supplementation doubled pulsatile GH secretion during GHRH pulses combined with continuous saline (GHRH/saline) ( P < 0.01). Pulsatile GH secretion correlated positively with T concentrations (270–1,170 ng/dl) in the 26 men during saline pulses/saline ( P = 0.015, R2 = 0.24), GHRH pulses/saline ( P = 0.020, R2 = 0.22), and combined GHRH pulses/GHRP-2 ( P = 0.016, R2 = 0.25) infusions. Basal nonpulsatile GH secretion correlated with T during saline pulses/GHRP-2 drive ( P = 0.020, R2 = 0.16). By regression analysis, pulsatile GH secretion varied negatively with body mass index (BMI) during saline/GHRP-2 infusion ( P = 0.001, R2 = 0.36), as well as after the triple stimulus preceded by GHRH/GHRP-2 ( P = 0.013, R2 = 0.23). Mean (10-h) GH concentrations under GHRP-2 were predicted jointly by estradiol (positively) and BMI (negatively) ( P < 0.001, R2 = 0.520). These data indicate that estradiol, T, and BMI control pulsatile secretagogue-specific GH-regulatory mechanisms in older men.

scholarly journals Association of BMI on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure In Normal and Obese Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Zuhal Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Age Related

Background Definition of childhood overweight/obesity should aim to identify children with excess body fat in order to treat the associated adverse health outcomes. Objective To investigate relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values in children between the ages of 6 and 14 year old. Materials and Methods Secondary data gathered from public health screening days at Child Health and Diseases Polyclinic of Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality Maternity and Children Hospital on 1899 children. Each child was classified on the basis of age- and sex-specific Body Mass Index percentile (BMI%) as normal weight (BMI% < 85th), overweight (BMI% ≥ 85th and < 95th), or obese (BMI% ≥ 95th). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were compared among age-sex-BMI percentile groups. Results SBP and DBP values are higher in obese and overweight children compared to normal children. Among all children in this study, being overweight and obese increased the likelihood of elevated SBP and DBP values after adjusting for age.  Blood pressure (BP) is increasing with increasing BMI in all age groups (6 to 14 year old) and this is also found at a young age. The same trend is also present within the normal BMI% group. Conclusions Our results show that BMI is associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese children as well as children in normal BMI% group. BP is increasing with increasing BMI values even in normal group but the increase is more in obese children. Hence, maintaining age related normal growth increase in the BMI in childhood is important in preventing higher BP values later in life.Keywords: Body Mass Index; BMI; Blood pressure; Children DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v1i3.5574 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2011;1(3) 101-105

scholarly journals The thickness of the ventricles and interventricular septum in males with overweight according to echocardiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
L. P. Martirosyan ◽  
I. A. Balandina
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Strength Relationship

Introduction. Mortality from cardiovascular disease ranks first in the world. New and high requirements are required for the anatomical substantiation of emerging methods and methods of treatment. In modern literature, there are many publications on the issues of heart morphology, but data on the influence of gender, age, body weight on heart parameters are insufficient, fragmentary and often contradictory.Objective. To determine the thickness of the ventricles and interventricular septum in overweight men when performing echocardiography and to assess the presence or absence of the relationship of these parameters with age and body mass index (BMI) of the subjects. Patients and methods. The analysis of the protocols of ultrasound examination of the heart of 68 apparently healthy men of adolescence, the first and second periods of adulthood with a body mass index of 25.0–29.9 kg/m², with no pulmonary and cardiac pathology and the risk of cardiovascular diseases was carried out. Ultrasound examination was performed on an Aloka ProSound Alpha 6 ultrasound scanner. Results and discussion. When comparing the mean values of heart parameters in overweight men in three age groups according to the Kruskell – Wallis criterion, no statistically significant differences were found between the mean values (p > 0.05). Revealed a moderate strength relationship between the thickness of the anterior wall of the right ventricle with the age of the subject (r = 0.375; p = 0.020) and moderate strength relationship between the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and BMI (r = 0.352; p = 0.030).Conclusions. The  results of  the  study supplement the  information available in  the  scientific literature on the  thickness of  the  ventricles of  the  heart and the  interventricular septum in  healthy men with overweight in  three age groups. The data obtained will be useful to doctors of functional diagnostics when performing echocardiography in matters of differentiation between norm and pathology.

scholarly journals Relationships between somatic structure, physical fitness, and the results in passing selected obstacle courses by cadets from the General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces

2020 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 832-844
Author(s):  
Dariusz Lenart
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to assess the relationship between the body structure, physical fitness, and functional parameters of the respiratory system of the cadets from the General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces (AWL) and their results in passing selected obstacle courses. The research material was collected from testing cadets of the third year of management studies. The research included anthropometric measurements, physical fitness tests, spirometry, and tests determining the level of passing selected obstacle courses. Body height and weight were measured. The body mass index was also calculated. Besides, the following functional characteristics were measured: cardiopulmonary endurance, functional strength, running speed and agility, balance, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow. The study also included tests determining the level of passing the land and water obstacle courses. Statistically significant relationships were found between height and weight, balance, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second. Moreover, there were correlations between body weight and body mass index and the results in passing the land obstacle course. In addition, there were connections between cardiopulmonary endurance and performance in passing the land obstacle course, body balance, and performance in passing the land and water obstacle course. All the relationships mentioned above were low and statistically significant.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstones in the paediatric and adult population in the city of Al-Ahsa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
samia alfuraikh ◽  
sara algubaisi ◽  
lubna ALhamad ◽  
Khadiga Mahmoud Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The City

Background and Aims: Cholelithiasis is a common upper gastrointestinal tract disorder in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Analyses of risk factors for gallstone formation may explain the need for lifestyle modifications. Therefore, our aim was to identify sex- and age-related differences in the prevalence and risk factors for gallstones among Saudi individuals in the city of Al-Ahsa. Methods: The medical records of patients, ≥1 year of age, with a radiologically confirmed diagnosis of gallstones, between 2014 through 2016, were retrieved and relevant demographic and clinical data extracted. Risk factors for cholelithiasis for all age groups were identified. Results: A total of 618 patients had radiologically confirmed gallstones over the 3-year period of observation. The prevalence was higher among females than males (73% versus 27%, respectively) in all age groups. In the paediatric group, the prevalence of gallstones was higher among girls with obesity and those with sickle cell disorders. Advanced age, a higher body mass index, high low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and cholesterol were independently associated with cholelithiasis in both gender of all age groups. Hepatitis B and C were not found to be risk factors for cholelithiasis. Conclusions: Older age, female sex, a high body mass index, and hyperlipidaemia are major risk factors for gall stones formation among all age groups. Haemolytic anaemia, namely sickle cell disease, is a prevalent risk factor in paediatric population.

Heritability of Longitudinal Measures of Body Mass Index and Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels in Aging Twins

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen L. Goode ◽  
Stacey S. Cherny ◽  
Joe C. Christian ◽  
Gail P. Jarvik ◽  
Mariza de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Significant Contributor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

AbstractBody-mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels are known to be highly heritable. We evaluated the genetic and environmental relationships of these measures over time in an analysis of twin pairs. Monozygotic (235 pairs) and dizygotic (260 pairs) male twins were participants in the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Veteran Twin Study, and were followed with three clinical exams from mean age 48 years to mean age 63 years. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with adjustment forAPOEgenotype (a significant contributor to TC and LDL-C) was used to assess longitudinal patterns of heritability. Results indicated a contribution of genetic factors to BMI, TC, LDL-C, HLD-C, and TG. Modest increases over time were observed in the heritability of BMI (from 0.48 to 0.61), TC (from 0.46 to 0.57), LDL-C (from 0.49 to 0.64), and HDL-C (from 0.50 to 0.62), but this trend was not present for TG. There was a corresponding decrease in shared environmental influences over time for these traits, although shared environment was a significant contributor only for HDL-C. Moreover, we observed that genetic influences for all measures were significantly correlated over time, and we found no evidence of age-specific genetic effects. In summary, longitudinal analyses of twin data indicate that genetic factors do not account for a significant proportion of the variation in age-related changes of BMI or lipid and lipoprotein levels.

Parental body mass index and its association with body composition, physical fitness and lifestyle factors in their 4-year-old children: results from the MINISTOP trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
P Henriksson ◽  
H Henriksson ◽  
C Delisle Nyström ◽  
J Pomeroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lifestyle Factors
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document