scholarly journals Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstones in the paediatric and adult population in the city of Al-Ahsa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
samia alfuraikh ◽  
sara algubaisi ◽  
lubna ALhamad ◽  
Khadiga Mahmoud Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The City

Background and Aims: Cholelithiasis is a common upper gastrointestinal tract disorder in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Analyses of risk factors for gallstone formation may explain the need for lifestyle modifications. Therefore, our aim was to identify sex- and age-related differences in the prevalence and risk factors for gallstones among Saudi individuals in the city of Al-Ahsa. Methods: The medical records of patients, ≥1 year of age, with a radiologically confirmed diagnosis of gallstones, between 2014 through 2016, were retrieved and relevant demographic and clinical data extracted. Risk factors for cholelithiasis for all age groups were identified. Results: A total of 618 patients had radiologically confirmed gallstones over the 3-year period of observation. The prevalence was higher among females than males (73% versus 27%, respectively) in all age groups. In the paediatric group, the prevalence of gallstones was higher among girls with obesity and those with sickle cell disorders. Advanced age, a higher body mass index, high low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and cholesterol were independently associated with cholelithiasis in both gender of all age groups. Hepatitis B and C were not found to be risk factors for cholelithiasis. Conclusions: Older age, female sex, a high body mass index, and hyperlipidaemia are major risk factors for gall stones formation among all age groups. Haemolytic anaemia, namely sickle cell disease, is a prevalent risk factor in paediatric population.

scholarly journals The Future Excess Fraction of Cancer Attributable to High Body Mass Index in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 194s-194s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Carey ◽  
R. Norman ◽  
D. Whiteman ◽  
A. Reid ◽  
R. Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Burden

Background: High body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2) has been found to be associated with an increased risk of many cancers, including cancers of the colon and rectum, liver, and pancreas. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the future burden of cancer resulting from current levels of overweight and obesity in Australia. Methods: The future excess fraction method was used to estimate the future burden of cancer among the proportion of the Australian adult population who were overweight or obese in 2016. Calculations were conducted for 13 cancer types, including cancers of the colon, rectum, kidney, and liver. Results: The cohort of 18.7 million adult Australians in 2016 will develop ∼7.6 million cancers over their lifetime. Of these, ∼402,500 cancers (5.3%) will be attributable to current levels of overweight and obese. The majority of these will be postmenopausal breast cancers (n = 72,300), kidney cancers (n = 59,200), and colon cancers (n = 55,100). More than a quarter of future endometrial cancers (30.3%) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (35.8%) will be attributable to high body mass index. Conclusion: A significant proportion of future cancers will result from current levels of high body mass index. Our estimates are not directly comparable to past estimates of the burden from overweight and obesity because they describe different quantities - future cancers in currently exposed vs current cancers due to past exposures. The results of this study provide us with relevant up-to-date information about how many cancers in Australia could be prevented.

Global Burden and Attributable Risk Factors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990-2019: Estimation Based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuefen Hu ◽  
Xiuping Zhang ◽  
Aijun Zhang ◽  
Yu Hou ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Purpose: To provide a foundational guideline for policy-makers to efficiently allocate medical resources in the context of population aging and growth, a latest spatial distribution and temporal trend of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) along with attributable risk factors by sex and age were mapped.Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) values to quantify temporal trends in morbidity and mortality of ALL. We used applied Spearman rank correlation to estimate the relationship between the EAPC and potential influence factors. The population attributable fraction of potential risk factors for ALL-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were estimated by the comparative risk assessment framework. Results: We found that new ALL cases increased significantly by 129% worldwide, and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased by 1.61 percent per year. The proportion of elder patients sharply increased, especially within the higher socio-demographic index (SDI) region. Smoking and high body mass index remained the predominant risk factors for ALL-related mortality. Notably, the contribution of high body mass index presented an increasing trend. Conclusion: The global burden of ALL has steadily increased, especially in middle SDI region. Health measures should be taken into consideration to improve the treatment of elders with ALL due to a great proportion in the higher SDI region. Attention should be paid to the environmental problems caused by industrial development in low SDI areas.

scholarly journals Estimated and projected burden of multiple sclerosis attributable to smoking and childhood and adolescent high body-mass index: a comparative risk assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Pakpoor ◽  
Klaus Schmierer ◽  
Jack Cuzick ◽  
Gavin Giovannoni ◽  
Ruth Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
High Body ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Background Smoking and childhood and adolescent high body-mass index (BMI) are leading lifestyle-related risk factors of global premature morbidity and mortality, and have been associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aims to estimate and project the proportion of MS incidence that could be prevented with elimination of these risk factors. Methods Prevalence estimates of high BMI during childhood/adolescence and smoking in early adulthood, and relative risks of MS, were obtained from published literature. A time-lag of 10 years was assumed between smoking in early adulthood and MS incidence, and a time-lag of 20 years was assumed between childhood/adolescent high BMI and MS incidence. The MS population attributable fractions (PAFs) of smoking and high BMI were estimated as individual and combined risk factors, by age, country and sex in 2015, 2025 and 2035 where feasible. Results The combined estimated PAFs for smoking and high BMI in 2015 were 14, 11, 12 and 12% for the UK, USA, Russia and Australia in a conservative estimate, and 21, 20, 19 and 16% in an independent estimate, respectively. Estimates for smoking are declining over time, whereas estimates for high early life BMI are rising. The PAF for high early life BMI is highest in the USA and is estimated to increase to 14% by 2035. Conclusions Assuming causality, there is the potential to substantially reduce MS incidence with the elimination of lifestyle-related modifiable risk factors, which are the target of global public health prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Female Urinary Incontinence: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impact on the Quality of Life of Gynecological Clinic Attendees in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Fatimat Motunrayo Akinlusi ◽  
Tawaqualit Abimbola Ottun ◽  
Yusuf Abisowo Oshodi ◽  
Bilkees Oluwatoyin Seriki ◽  
Folasade D. Haleemah Olalere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Female Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Substantial Impact

Aims: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence, risk factors and impact on the quality of life in gynecological clinic attendees of a University Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst gynecological clinic attendees in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria from 1st February to 31st July 2017. Structured questionnaires were used to ascertain the presence of urinary incontinence. Socio-demographic and medical factors; impact on daily activities and treatment history were assessed. Women with and without urinary incontinence were compared. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results: There were 395 women of 25 - 67 years (mean age = 38.81±10.1). About 33% had experienced urinary incontinence in the previous 6 months with Urgency, Mixed and Stress urinary incontinence occurring in 18.0%, 7.6% and 7.3% respectively. Independent risk factors for urinary incontinence were age (odds ratio=0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.26 - 0.92, P =0.026), higher body mass index (odds ratio=1.92, 95% CI =1.53 - 3.00, P =0.004) and history of constipation (odds ratio=2.11, 95% CI =1.30 - 3.43, P =0.003). About 47% of those with urinary incontinence admitted to negative feelings like anxiety and depression; 45% had moderate to severe impact on their quality of life in all domains but only 27.7% sought help. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence is common and risk factors include older age, high body mass index and constipation. Despite its substantial impact on the quality of life, majority do not seek help. Addressing modifiable risks factors and improving treatment seeking behaviour will assist in reducing the prevalence of urinary incontinence. Keywords: female urinary incontinence; quality of life; risk factors; stress incontinence; urgency incontinence.

High Body Mass Index and Posttransplant Weight Gain Are Not Risk Factors for Kidney Graft and Patient Outcome

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 2205-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Marcén ◽  
A. Fernández ◽  
J. Pascual ◽  
J.L. Teruel ◽  
J.J. Villafruela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
High Body

Smoking and High Body Mass Index: Risk Factors for Advanced Interval Polyps

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S160
Author(s):  
Aliya Khan ◽  
Divya Bhatt ◽  
Paul Gomez ◽  
Lauren S. Cole ◽  
Richard Gerkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
High Body

scholarly journals BODY MASS INDEX TRAJECTORY BEFORE DEATH IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS. POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Venkatesh Pai ◽  
Martin C Gulliford
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background and objective: Both low and high body mass index (BMI) have been associated with greater mortality in older adults. This study evaluated the trajectory of BMI in the final years of life. Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: Community-dwelling adults in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing between 1998 and 2012. Measurements: Body mass index, years before death and all-cause mortality. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, educational level, housing tenure and social class. Results: Data were analysed for 16,924 participants with 31,857 BMI records; mean age at study start, 61.6 (SD 10.9) years; mean BMI, 27.5 (4.7) Kg/m2. There were 3,686 participants (4,794 BMI records) who died and 13,238 participants (27,063 BMI records) who were alive at last follow-up. Mean BMI increased with age to 60-69 years but then declined, but the age-related decline was more rapid in decedents. At ages 80-89 years, mean BMI in decedents was 26.1 (4.7) compared with 27.1 (4.4) Kg/m2 in survivors. After adjusting for age and covariates, mean BMI declined in the five years before death. From 9 to 5 years before death or end of study, adjusted mean BMI was 0.51 (95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.78) Kg/m2 lower for decedents than survivors; and from four to zero years before death, 1.55 (1.26 to 1.84) Kg/m2 lower in decedents. Conclusions: In community-dwelling older adults, mean body mass index enters an accelerating decline during five years before death. Reverse causation may account for the association of lower BMI with mortality.

Temporal trend of early pregnancy high body mass index in Australian women: risk factors and outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Marjan Khajehei ◽  
Hassan Assareh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
High Body ◽  
High Bmi

Background There is a shift toward the increasing weight gain among women of reproductive age. Aim To assess changes in the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) (including both overweight and obese) in early pregnancy in Australian women, and its risk factors and association with selected birth outcomes from 2011–2017. Methods Records of pregnant women who received antenatal care and gave birth at an Australian tertiary hospital during 2011–2017 were evaluated and trends of high BMI were investigated. Results The risk of high BMI at early pregnancy increased by 3% annually and rose from 37% in 2011 to 44% in 2017. The risk of high BMI was greater in women who were more than 35 years old, multiparous, were smoking during pregnancy, and who had neurological disorders. High maternal BMI was associated with greater risks of having assisted conception, caesarean section and larger neonate. Conclusion The rate of high BMI in early pregnancy increased between 2011–2017.

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