scholarly journals Age and Physical Activity among Canadian Women and Men: Findings from Longitudinal National Survey Data

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Curtis ◽  
Philip White ◽  
Barry McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Activity Involvement ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Age Cohort

This study reports on age-group differences in leisure-time sport and physical activity involvement among a large sample of Canadians interviewed at 2 points during the 1980s. Comparisons are made for 5 age cohorts, for men and women, and without and with multivariate controls. The results contradict the usual finding of an inverse relationship between age and level of physical activity. On measures of (a) activity necessary to produce health benefits and (b) energy expenditure. Canadians over 65 were as active as, or more active than, their younger counterparts, and their activities did not decline over the 7 years between interviews. The extent of change varied by age and across women and men. Among women, increases in involvement were greatest in the middle-aged. Among men, the greatest increase was in the oldest age groups. For both genders, the youngest age cohort showed the smallest change over time, and there was evidence of slight declines in activity levels among young men.

Investigating the Physical Activity Behaviors of Canadian Adults Over Time: Multilevel Sex and Age Group Trajectories Across 2 Decades

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 933-942
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Perks
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Over Time

Background: This study explores changes in the leisure-time physical activities of Canadian adults over time. Methods: Using representative panel data from the National Population Health Survey, multilevel analyses of 13,933 respondents aged 18 and older were performed to assess both overall and individual leisure-time physical activity trajectories from 1994 to 2011 and the extent to which these trajectories differ by sex and age groups. Results: With the exception of those aged 65 and older, there is evidence that as Canadians age their overall levels of physical activity increase over time. However, increases in overall physical activity levels are mainly due to increases in walking, gardening, and home exercise. Increases in these 3 activities in particular compensate for declines in engagement levels over time in most other activities. Conclusions: As the demographic shift to an older Canadian population continues, evidence of increasing overall physical activity levels across most age groups in Canada gives reason for optimism.

scholarly journals Changes in leisure-time physical activity levels and perceived barriers among Estonian adults over a two-year period

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Peeter Lusmägi ◽  
Kerli Mooses ◽  
Eve-Liis Roosmaa ◽  
Merike Kull
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Survey

The aim of this study is to describe the changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels among the Estonian adult population in the years 2013–2015 in order to examine the relationships between LTPA level and socioeconomic status (SES) and health indicators, and also to explore perceived barriers to LTPA. Data from the National Physical Activity Survey were used. The sample consisted of 1009 participants aged 15–69 in 2013 and 1004 respondents in 2015. The proportion of Estonian adults exercising regularly at least four times per week increased from 39% in 2013 to 45% in 2015. Being in the older age groups increased the odds for physical inactivity 2.07–4.74 times compared to the youngest age group (15–24) (p<0.01). Having primary, basic, or secondary education increased the odds of being inactive 2.33–3.14 times compared to respondents with higher education (p < 0.01). The most prevalent barriers to physical activity reported by inactive adults were: 1) the absence of interest or unwillingness to make an effort, 2) tiredness at work, and 3) lack of time. In conclusion, despite a slight positive trend, LTPA levels are low. As the perceived barriers depend on age, public health strategies should involve age-specific solutions, especially for older adults.

scholarly journals How Consistent are Genetic Factors in Explaining Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Sport Participation? The Portuguese Healthy Families Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Pereira ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Thayse N. Gomes ◽  
Robert Elston ◽  
José Maia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Sibling Correlations ◽  
Younger Age

This study investigates how consistent genetic factors are, as measured by heritability estimates (h2), in the leisure-time physical activity index (LTPAI) and sport participation index (SPI) from early (10–14 yrs) to late adolescence (15–19 yrs). The sample comprises 12,385 subjects from 3,378 Portuguese nuclear families. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and the LTPAI and SPI were estimated by questionnaire. Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed by parental occupation. Analyses were done using S.A.G.E. software. Our results showed that h2 estimates for the LTPAI and SPI in the two age groups (10–14 yrs and 15–19 yrs) were stable: for the LTPAI, h2 = 0.297 and 0.322, respectively; and for the SPI, h2 = 0.413 and 0.428, respectively. Sibling correlations and environmental correlations are higher in the younger age group for both the LTPAI and the SPI. Spousal correlations are higher in the younger age group for the LTPAI and lower for the SPI than the older group. Parent–offspring correlations are similar in both age groups for the LTPAI and SPI. In conclusion, the influence of genetic factors on physical activity and sport participation remains stable across age in adolescence. However, variation in sibling correlations — in particular, environmental correlations — was observed. These findings suggest that shared/non-shared environmental factors express different degrees of importance across age. Future intervention programs aiming to promote change in behaviors need to consider these results to bring about positive changes in physical activity and sport participation behaviors within the family setting.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity Levels Among Canadian Adolescents, 1981–1998

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
P.T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Mark S. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Old Females

Background:In recent years, it has been noted that children and youth are physically inactive, and physical activity levels have declined over the past decades. However, few empirical studies have been conducted to test this assumption. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine leisure-time physical activity levels among Canadian adolescents 12–19 years of age.Methods:Age, sex, geographic, and temporal trends in leisure-time physical activity energy expenditure (AEE) were examined using data from 5 national surveys conducted between 1981 and 1998. AEE was calculated from participants’ questionnaire responses on physical activity participation. General linear models were used to examine the differences in AEE across survey years, geographic regions, sexes, and age groups.Results:Males and 12–14-year-olds displayed greater AEE than females and 15–19-year-olds, respectively, and AEE was lowest in Quebec and highest in the West. AEE increased between the 1981 and 1988 surveys and has since remained relatively stable. The prevalence of subjects meeting the 12.6 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 (3 kcal · kg−1 · d−1) recommendation increased from 1981 to 1988. Since 1988, the prevalence of those meeting the 12.6 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 recommendation has decreased in 12–14 year old boys and remained relatively stable in the other groups. In 1998, about 45% of males and 35% of females met the 12.6 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 recommendation. In 1998, about 20% of 12–19-year-old males and 12–14-year-old females met the 25.1 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 (6 kcal · kg−1 · d−1) recommendation, while about 10% of 15–19-year-old females met this recommendation. In females, the prevalence of those meeting the 25.1 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 recommendation has remained relatively stable (about 10%) since 1981 except for an increase between 1996 and 1998 in 12–14-year-old girls. In males, a similar pattern, but not as dramatic, of that observed for the prevalence of those meeting the 12.6 kJ · kg−1 · d−1 emerged—that is, an increase between 1981 and 1988 and then a decrease in 12–14-year-old boys and a stable pattern in 15–19-year-old boys.Conclusion:Although self-reported leisure-time physical activity appears to have increased since 1981, a majority of Canadian adolescents do not meet current recommendations for physical activity.

scholarly journals The types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Senior Phase learners in Potchefstroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C.W. De Vos ◽  
Dorita Du Toit ◽  
Dané Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background: Worldwide, the health risks of decreasing physical activity levels and increasing sedentary behaviour among adolescents are a raising concern.Objective: To determine the types and levels of physical activity as well as that of sedentary behaviour of a group Senior Phase learners in South Africa.Methods: The adapted Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire was used for determining the types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 230 Grade 7 learners, from three schools in Potchefstroom. Data were analysed by means of the SAS statistics programme, and descriptive statistics, as well as independent t-tests andeffect sizes (ES) were used.Results: Moderate to high-intensity physical activity levels of between 334 and 361 min per week were found, and sedentary behaviour of between 3077 and 3410 min per week, which implies that between 70.7% and 71.9% of the participants, did not meet the recommended health-based guidelines. Higher activity levels were shown during weekends, where the boys were significantly more active than girls (p < 0.001; ES between 0.21 and 0.56), and girls showed more sedentary behaviours than the boys (ES between 0.18 and 0.20). The leisure time physical activities with the highest participation were soccer, recreational swimming, jogging and dancing, while the sedentary activities were listening to music, riding a vehicle and being busy on the phone.Conclusion: Strategies need to be implemented to raise the physical activity levels of Senior Phase learners, especially during weekdays, and to decrease sedentary behaviour. With this view in mind, recommendations are made for Physical Education teachers.

scholarly journals A Biomechanical Re-Examination of Physical Activity Measurement with Accelerometers

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan Fridolfsson ◽  
Mats Börjesson ◽  
Daniel Arvidsson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Frequency Filtering ◽  
Frequency Filter ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Activity Intensity

ActiGraph is the most common accelerometer in physical activity research, but it has measurement errors due to restrictive frequency filtering. This study investigated biomechanically how different frequency filtering of accelerometer data affects assessment of activity intensity and age-group differences when measuring physical activity. Data from accelerometer at the hip and motion capture system was recorded during treadmill walking and running from 30 subjects in three different age groups: 10, 15, and >20 years old. Acceleration data was processed to ActiGraph counts with original band-pass filter at 1.66 Hz, to counts with wider filter at either 4 or 10 Hz, and to unfiltered acceleration according to “Euclidian norm minus one” (ENMO). Internal and external power, step frequency, and vertical displacement of center of mass (VD) were estimated from the motion capture data. Widening the frequency filter improved the relationship between higher locomotion speed and counts. It also removed age-group differences and decreased within-group variation. While ActiGraph counts were almost exclusively explained by VD, the counts from the 10 Hz filter were explained by VD and step frequency to an equal degree. In conclusion, a wider frequency filter improves assessment of physical activity intensity by more accurately capturing individual gait patterns.

scholarly journals Objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels among primary school children in Norway: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hai Deng ◽  
Per Morten Fredriksen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Aims: The objective was to investigate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels (MVPA) of primary school children at baseline of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP), Norway. Methods: Data on 2123 children aged 6–12 years were included for analysis (75% participation rate). Average minutes per day in MVPA was objectively measured using accelerometry based on seven-day averages. The sample was analysed for age-, sex-, socioeconomic-, and season-related patterns. A linear regression investigated the moderating effect of these factors as well as body mass index and waist circumference. Results: Some 86.5% of the sample had at least 60 min/day MVPA, averaging 90.7 min/day. The main differences in daily averages were between age groups 6½–9 and 10–12 ( p < .05). Boys (95.8 min/day, 95% CI: 94.1–97.5) were more active than girls (85.6 min/day, 95% CI: 83.9–87.2) in all age groups ( p < .0001). MVPA was lower by 3.5 min ( p < .0001) per additional year of age in the linear regression (R2 = 0.176) and was reduced by 20 min less per day in MVPA in the winter months compared with the summer months ( p < .0001). Conclusions: Physical activity levels are already in decline from 6–7 years old and are likely to continue to decline into adolescence. Interventions must therefore focus on primary school children.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Activity Among 10,000 Steps Members and Engagement With the Program in Australia: Prospective Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quyen G To ◽  
Mitch J Duncan ◽  
Anetta Van Itallie ◽  
Corneel Vandelanotte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Case ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Important Health

BACKGROUND Physical activity is an important health behavior, due to its association with many physical and mental health conditions. During distressing events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a concern that physical activity levels may be negatively impacted. However, recent studies have shown inconsistent results. Additionally, there is a lack of studies in Australia on this topic. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate changes in physical activity reported through the 10,000 Steps program and changes in engagement with the program during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Data between January 1, 2018, and June 30, 2020, from registered members of the 10,000 Steps program, which included 3,548,825 days with step data, were used. The number of daily steps were logged manually by the members or synced automatically from their activity trackers connected to the program. Measures on program usage were the number of new registered members per day, the number of newly registered organizations per day, the number of steps logged per day, and the number of step entries per day. Key dates used for comparison were as follows: the first case with symptoms in Wuhan, China; the first case reported in Australia; the implementation of a 14-day ban for noncitizens arriving in Australia from China; the start of the lockdown in Australia; and the relaxing of restrictions by the Australian Government. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to test for significant differences in number of steps between subgroups, between engagement measures in 2019 versus 2020, and before and after an event. RESULTS A decrease in steps was observed after the first case in Australia was reported (1.5%; <i>P</i>=.02) and after the start of the lockdown (3.4%; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). At the time that the relaxing of restrictions started, the steps had already recovered from the lockdown. Additionally, the trends were consistent across genders and age groups. New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, and Victoria had the greatest step reductions, with decreases of 7.0% (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), 6.2% (<i>P</i>=.02), and 4.7% (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), respectively. During the lockdown, the use of the program increased steeply. On the peak day, there were more than 9000 step entries per day, with nearly 100 million steps logged per day; in addition, more than 450 new users and more than 15 new organizations registered per day, although the numbers decreased quickly when restrictions were relaxed. On average per day, there were about 55 new registered users (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), 2 new organizations (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), 25.6 million steps (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), and 2672 log entries (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) more in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic has had negative effects on steps among Australians across age groups and genders. However, the effect was relatively small, with steps recovering quickly after the lockdown. There was a large increase in program usage during the pandemic, which might help minimize the health impact of the lockdown and confirms the important role of physical activity programs during times of distress and lockdowns.

scholarly journals Age-Group Differences in Reactive Strength and Measures of Intra-day Reliability in Female International Footballers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Doyle ◽  
Declan Browne ◽  
Dan Horan
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Player ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Female Soccer Player

The aim of this present study was to compare the reactive strength index (RSI) characteristics and trial to trial reliability of U17, U19 and Senior female international soccer players. Fifty – seven elite female soccer player participated in the study, (age:  18.1 + 3.1 years; height: 167.5 + 6.3 cm; weight: 61.84 + 7.7 kg). Participants performed 3 maximal repetitions of the 10/5 repeated jump test (10/5RJT) following a specific warm-up and familiarisation protocol. Senior players possessed higher levels of RSI with large effect size present when compared with the U17 (P= 0.043, ES = .97) and U19 (ES = 0.85) age groups. Trivial differences (ES = 0.17) in RSI existed between the U17 and U19 age categories. Trial-to-trial analyses demonstrated 10/5 RJT RSI to possess adequate levels of reliability with a range of mean coefficients of variance (CV) of 3.1 – 7.3 %   and intraclass correlation (ICC) between 0.95 – 0.98 present across all three age groups. However, large variations in the between – athlete CV for RSI were revealed ranging from 1 – 27 %, 0.4 – 10.3%, and 1 – 7 % for U17, U19 and senior age groups respectively. These results suggest that age group can distinguish reactive strength capabilities. In addition, female international footballers with higher levels of RSI appear to produce more reliable measures of RSI via the 10/5 RJT.

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