scholarly journals Results From Spain’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s2) ◽  
pp. S279-S283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Roman-Viñas ◽  
Jorge Marin ◽  
Mairena Sánchez-López ◽  
Susana Aznar ◽  
Rosaura Leis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Organized Sports ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Research Working Group ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Card Model

Background:The first Active Healthy Kids Spanish Report Card aims to gather the most robust information about physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior of children and adolescents.Methods:A Research Working Group of experts on PA and sport sciences was convened. A comprehensive data search, based on a review of the literature, dissertations, gray literature, and experts’ nonpublished data, was conducted to identify the best sources to grade each indicator following the procedures and methodology outlined by the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card model.Results:Overall PA (based on objective and self-reported methods) was graded as D-, Organized Sports Participation as B, Active Play as C+, Active Transportation as C, Sedentary Behavior as D, School as C, and Family and Peers as Incomplete, Community and the Built Environment as Incomplete, and Government as Incomplete.Conclusions:Spanish children and adolescents showed low levels of adherence to PA and sedentary behavior guidelines, especially females and adolescents. There is a need to achieve consensus and harmonize methods to evaluate PA and sedentary behavior to monitor changes over time and to evaluate the effectiveness of policies to promote PA.

Results From Malaysia’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s2) ◽  
pp. S201-S205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razinah Sharif ◽  
Kar Hau Chong ◽  
Nur Hadiyani Zakaria ◽  
Min Li Ong ◽  
John J. Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Research Working Group

Background:The 2016 Malaysia Active Healthy Kids Report Card aims to collect, assess, and grade current and comprehensive data on physical activity (PA) and associated factors in Malaysian children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years.Methods:This report card was developed following the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card protocol. The Research Working Group identified the core matrices, assessed the key data sources, and evaluated the evidence gathered for grade assignments. A grade was assigned to each indicator by comparing the best available evidence against relevant benchmark using a standardized grading scheme.Results:Overall Physical Activity, Active Transportation, and Sedentary Behavior were assigned the D grade. The lowest grade of F was assigned to Diet, while School and Government Strategies and Investments were graded higher with a B. Five indicators were assigned INC (incomplete) due to a lack of representative data.Conclusions:The report card demonstrates that Malaysian children and adolescents are engaging in low levels of PA and active commuting, high levels of screen time, and have extremely low compliance with dietary recommendations. More efforts are needed to address the root causes of physical inactivity while increasing the opportunities for children and adolescents to be more physically active.

scholarly journals Results From Portugal’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s2) ◽  
pp. S242-S245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Manuel João Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
Armando M. Raimundo ◽  
Luís B. Sardinha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Organized Sport ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Card Model

Background:This article describes the procedures and development of the first Portuguese Report Card on Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents.Methods:Comprehensive searches for data related to indicators of physical activity (PA) were completed by a committee of physical activity and sports specialists. Grades were assigned to each indicator consistent with the process and methodology outlined by the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card model.Results:Nine indicators of PA were graded. The following grades were assigned: Overall Physical Activity Levels, D; Organized Sport Participation, B; Active Play, D; Active Transportation, C; Sedentary Behaviors, D; Family and Peers, C; Schools, B; Community and the Built Environment, D; and Government, C.Conclusions:Portuguese children and adolescents do not reach sufficient physical activity levels and spend larger amounts of time spent in sedentary behaviors compared with recommendations. Effective policies of PA promotion and implementation are needed in different domains of young people’s daily lives.

scholarly journals Results from South Africa’s 2014 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (s1) ◽  
pp. S98-S104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Draper ◽  
Susan Basset ◽  
Anniza de Villiers ◽  
Estelle V. Lambert ◽  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Advertising To Children

Background:There is current concern for the health and well-being of children and youth in South Africa, including habits of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior. The 2014 Healthy Active Kids South Africa Report Card evaluates the current activity status of children and youth.Methods:The Research Working Group was comprised of 23 experts in physical education, nutrition, sport science, public health and journalism. The search was based on a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature (previous 5 years), dissertations, and nonpeer-reviewed reports (‘gray’ literature) dealing with the PA and nutritional status of South African children and youth 6−18 years of age. Key indicators were identified and data extracted. Grades for each indicator were discussed and assigned.Results:Overall PA levels received a D grade, as roughly 50% or more of children and youth were not meeting recommended levels. Organized sports participation fared better with a C, and government policies were promising, receiving a B. Screen time and sedentary behavior were a major concern and received a grade of F. Under- and over-weight were highlighted, but overweight is on the rise and this indicator was assigned a D grade. Most of the other indicators in South Africa remained the same or became worse so that grades declined from C- to D. In particular, sedentary behavior, soft-drink and fast food consumption, and an ineffectual regulatory environment to control advertising to children were a concern. There is need to engage parents and communities for advocacy and social mobilization.

scholarly journals Australia and Other Nations Are Failing to Meet Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children: Implications and a Way Forward

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Straker ◽  
Erin Kaye Howie ◽  
Dylan Paul Cliff ◽  
Melanie T. Davern ◽  
Lina Engelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Research Working Group

Background:Australia has joined a growing number of nations that have evaluated the physical activity and sedentary behavior status of their children. Australia received a “D minus” in the first Active Healthy Kids Australia Physical Activity Report Card.Methods:An expert subgroup of the Australian Report Card Research Working Group iteratively reviewed available evidence to answer 3 questions: (a) What are the main sedentary behaviors of children? (b) What are the potential mechanisms for sedentary behavior to impact child health and development? and (c) What are the effects of different types of sedentary behaviors on child health and development?Results:Neither sedentary time nor screen time is a homogeneous activity likely to result in homogenous effects. There are several mechanisms by which various sedentary behaviors may positively or negatively affect cardiometabolic, neuromusculoskeletal, and psychosocial health, though the strength of evidence varies. National surveillance systems and mechanistic, longitudinal, and experimental studies are needed for Australia and other nations to improve their grade.Conclusions:Despite limitations, available evidence is sufficiently convincing that the total exposure and pattern of exposure to sedentary behaviors are critical to the healthy growth, development, and wellbeing of children. Nations therefore need strategies to address these common behaviors.

scholarly journals Sedentary behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Guerra ◽  
José Cazuza de Farias Júnior ◽  
Alex Antonio Florindo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Brazilian Children

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the methodological characteristics of the studies selected and assess variables associated with sedentary behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents. METHODS For this systematic review, we searched four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, LILACS, SciELO. Also, electronic searches were applied in Google Scholar. A supplementary search was conducted in the references lists of the included articles and in non-indexed journals. We included observational studies with children and adolescents aged from three to 19 years developed in Brazil, presenting analyses of associations based on regression methods and published until September 30, 2014. RESULTS Of the 255 potential references retrieved by the searches, 49 met the inclusion criteria and composed the descriptive synthesis. In this set, we identified a great number of cross-sectional studies (n = 43; 88.0%) and high methodological variability on the types of sedentary behavior assessed, measurement tools and cut-off points used. The variables most often associated with sedentary behavior were “high levels of body weight” (in 15 out of 27 studies; 55.0%) and “lower level of physical activity” (in eight out of 16 studies; 50.0%). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review raise the following demands to the Brazilian agenda of sedentary behavior research geared to children and adolescents: development of longitudinal studies, validation of measuring tools, establishment of risk cut-offs, measurement of sedentary behavior beyond screen time and use of objective measures in addition to questionnaires. In the articles available, the associations between sedentary behavior with “high levels of body weight” and “low levels of physical activity” were observed in different regions of Brazil.

scholarly journals Children and Adolescents Treated for Valvular Aortic Stenosis Have Different Physical Activity Patterns Compared to Healthy Controls: A Methodological Study in a National Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Skovdahl ◽  
Cecilia Kjellberg Olofsson ◽  
Jan Sunnegårdh ◽  
Jonatan Fridolfsson ◽  
Mats Börjesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Valvular Aortic Stenosis

AbstractPrevious research in children and adolescents with congenital heart defects presents contradictory findings concerning their physical activity (PA) level, due to methodological limitations in the PA assessment. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare PA in children and adolescents treated for valvular aortic stenosis with healthy controls using an improved accelerometer method. Seven-day accelerometer data were collected from the hip in a national Swedish sample of 46 patients 6–18 years old treated for valvular aortic stenosis and 44 healthy controls matched for age, gender, geography, and measurement period. Sports participation was self-reported. Accelerometer data were processed with the new improved Frequency Extended Method and with the traditional ActiGraph method for comparison. A high-resolution PA intensity spectrum was investigated as well as traditional crude PA intensity categories. Children treated for aortic stenosis had a pattern of less PA in the highest intensity spectra and had more sedentary time, while the adolescent patients tended to be less physically active in higher intensities overall and with less sedentary time, compared to the controls. These patterns were evident using the Frequency Extended Method with the detailed PA intensity spectrum, but not to the same degree using the ActiGraph method and traditional crude PA intensity categories. Patients reported less sports participation than their controls in both age-groups. Specific differences in PA patterns were revealed using the Frequency Extended Method with the high-resolution PA intensity spectrum in Swedish children and adolescents treated for valvular aortic stenosis.

Results from Mexico’s 2014 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (s1) ◽  
pp. S74-S78 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Pilar Rodriguez Martinez ◽  
Karla I. Galaviz ◽  
Edtna Jauregui Ulloa ◽  
Ines Gonzalez-Casanova ◽  
Juan Ricardo Lopez y Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Organized Sports ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Report Card Grades ◽  
Policies And Programs

Background:The Mexican Report Card on Physical Activity in children and youth was first developed in 2012 as a tool aimed at informing policy and practice. The objective of this paper is to update the Report Card to reflect the current situation in Mexico.Methods:A literature search was conducted in Spanish and English using major databases, and complemented with government documents and national health surveys. Information on the 9 indicators outlined in the Global Matrix of Report Card Grades was extracted. Experts from Mexico and Canada met to discuss and assign a grade on each indicator.Results:The physical activity indicator was assigned a C+, which was higher than in the previous report card. Sedentary behavior was assigned a D, which was lower than the previous report card. Organized Sports and Active Transportation, which were not graded in the previous report card, were assigned grades of D and B-, respectively. Government and Built Environment were assigned grades of C and F, respectively. Family and Peers and Active Play were not graded (INC).Conclusions:Levels of PA and sedentary behaviors among Mexican children and youth were below the respective recommended references. The implementation and effectiveness of current government strategies need to be determined. The Mexican Report Card is a promising knowledge translation tool that can serve to inform policies and programs related to physical activity.

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