The Relations between Cognitive Coping Strategies, Reasons for Running, Injury, and Performance of Marathon Runners

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Masters ◽  
Michael J. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Marathon Running ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Running Injury ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Acceptable Theory

The psychology of marathon running was studied by employing the cognitive strategies of association and dissociation (Morgan, 1978; Morgan & Pollock, 1977). Two shortcomings in the current literature were cited. These included the failure to study marathon runners in an actual race and the absence of an acceptable theory to explain the use of these strategies. In the present research, runners participating in a marathon were utilized and measures of dissociation, association, performance time, injury, and reasons for running a marathon were taken. The results indicated that motivations may have accounted for the use of cognitive strategies and that injury was not related to dissociation, as previously hypothesized. Additionally, runners overwhelmingly preferred to associate. A new theory regarding the use of these strategies was offered.

scholarly journals Coping with Sexual Abuse

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Tameka Romeo ◽  
Henry Otgaar ◽  
Sara Landstrom
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
General Consensus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

General consensus exists in the psychological literature with regard to what constitutes child sexual abuse (CSA) and the negative implications for victims of CSA throughout the course of their lives. Recently, different types of cognitive strategies that victims may use to cope with CSA and the possible effects of these coping strategies on memory have received considerable empirical attention. The first aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the current literature about why, how, and when victims of CSA use the cognitive coping strategies of false denial, disclosure, and recantation to cope with psychological, emotional, and even interpersonal implications of their abuse. Over the years, disclosure is the one strategy that has been researched extensively, whereas research on false denial and recantation has barely just begun. The second aim is to provide a recent overview of the relationship between coping strategies and memory in the context of CSA. Specifically, we will discuss how false denials may have the potential to negatively affect a victim’s memory. Finally, we present an argument for the need to undertake research into insufficiently examined coping strategies such as false denial and recantation.

Cognitive Coping Strategies and Coping Modes in Relation to Chronic Pain Disability

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Scott Lenhart ◽  
Jeffrey S. Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Multidimensional Pain Inventory ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
And Coping

This study was an exploratory assessment of the influence that both situation-specific (cognitive coping strategies) and general cognitive coping strategies (cognitive coping modes) exert on measures of disability among persons with chronic pain. A demographics sheet and three assessment instruments, the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory were distributed to 103 individuals with chronic pain. After controlling for two demographic variables, compensation status and age, results suggested that one of the situation-specific cognitive strategies, helplessness, was associated with both measures of disability: interference due to pain and self control. One of the general strategies, avoidance, was associated with both measures of disability. A second general strategy, acceptance/resignation, was associated with perceived self-control. Implications for rehabilitation counselors are discussed.

A Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Improving Basketball Performance

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Meyers ◽  
Robert Schleser
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Basketball Player ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
College Basketball ◽  
Player Performance

Evidence indicates that champion and less successful athletes across several sports can be differentiated by the type of cognitive strategies they employ. The cognitive-coping strategies identified in champion athletes were presented to a highly skilled college basketball player. Performance improvements were observed in the athlete's points per game, field goal percentage, field goals made per game, and percentage of total team scoring. Future research in this area was discussed.

scholarly journals Cardiac Output and Performance during a Marathon Race in Middle-Aged Recreational Runners

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique L. Billat ◽  
Hélène Petot ◽  
Morgan Landrain ◽  
Renaud Meilland ◽  
Jean Pierre Koralsztein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Marathon Running ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Marathon Race ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Race Performance ◽  
Cardiac Cost ◽  
Marathon Performance

Purpose. Despite the increasing popularity of marathon running, there are no data on the responses of stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) to exercise in this context. We sought to establish whether marathon performance is associated with the ability to sustain high fractional use of maximal SV and CO (i.e, cardiac endurance) and/or CO, per meter (i.e., cardiac cost).Methods. We measured the SV, heart rate (HR), CO, and running speed of 14 recreational runners in an incremental, maximal laboratory test and then during a real marathon race (mean performance: 3 hr 30 min±45 min).Results. Our data revealed that HR, SV and CO were all in a high but submaximal steady state during the marathon (87.0±1.6%, 77.2±2.6%, and 68.7±2.8% of maximal values, respectively). Marathon performance was inversely correlated with an upward drift in the CO/speed ratio (mL ofCO×m−1) (r=−0.65,P<0.01) and positively correlated with the runner’s ability to complete the race at a high percentage of the speed at maximal SV (r=0.83,P<0.0002).Conclusion. Our results showed that marathon performance is inversely correlated with cardiac cost and positively correlated with cardiac endurance. The CO response could be a benchmark for race performance in recreational marathon runners.

Middle-Aged, Non-Elite Marathon Runners: A Profile

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery J. Summers ◽  
Greg I. Sargent ◽  
Amanda J. Levey ◽  
Kevin D. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Marathon Running ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Personal Awareness ◽  
Perceived Outcomes ◽  
Elite Runners

A survey of 363 middle-aged non-elite runners who were attempting a first marathon was conducted to assess their reasons for attempting a marathon, the perceived outcomes from running a marathon, and their experiences while running. While most runners began running to improve physical fitness, personal challenge was the main reason for attempting a marathon. Running the marathon was a very positive experience producing feelings of deep personal awareness and satisfaction. Information was obtained relating to the concept of “positive addiction” and the cognitive strategies employed while running.

Moderators of Cognitive Coping Derived from Attentional and Parallel Processing Models of Pain

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Stevens ◽  
Jessica L. Terner
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Processing ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Body Consciousness ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Cognitive Distraction

After establishing baseline pain tolerance and intensity, ninety undergraduates, either low or high in private body consciousness, were distributed equally to cognitive distraction, sensation monitoring, or no treatment and then exposed to pressure stimulation. A 2 × 3 (private body consciousness × condition) MANOVA of residual tolerance and intensity data did not yield hypothesized interactions, but demonstrated that both coping strategies modified tolerance and intensity more than no treatment. Results are discussed in terms of adherence to and involvement in treatment, perceived effectiveness of coping strategies, and number of strategies used. The findings are integrated within attentional and parallel processing models of pain.

scholarly journals Does social support matter? The mediating links with coping strategy and anxiety among Chinese college students in a cross-sectional study of COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Jun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Coping

Abstract Background The provision of public adaptive coping strategies to reduce psychological tension during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is critical. We sought to provide evidence-based guidance for psychological intervention, exploring the potential mediating roles of three sources of social support (i.e., subjective support, family support and counselor support) between coping strategies (i.e., cognitive coping, emotional coping and behavioral coping), and anxiety among college students at the height of the pandemic in China. Methods Using the Coping Strategy Questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, this large-scale online study analyzed the levels of social support, coping, and anxiety among 2640 college students in China from February 21st to 24th, 2020, when the students had been isolated at home for 1 month since the lockdown of Wuhan city. Results Students reported high levels of cognitive coping, behavioral coping, and social support. They also experienced low levels of anxiety and emotional coping. Anxiety was significantly and negatively related to coping and social support. The mediating roles of three sources of social support were found between cognitive coping, behavioral coping, and anxiety, respectively. However, the effect of emotional coping on anxiety was not found to be mediated by social support. Conclusions Adopting positive coping strategies may enhance social support that in turn relieves anxiety. The effect of social support, especially family and counselor support, should arouse greater awareness in coping with the pandemic cognitively and behaviorally.

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