scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Boardley ◽  
Maria Kavussanu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Factor Study ◽  
Development And Validation

A sport-specific measure of moral disengagement was developed in 2 studies. In Study 1, a 59-item questionnaire was developed and tested with 308 athletes from 5 team sports. A series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) testing different models suggested the model that best fitted the data had 6 first-order factors that could be represented by 1 second-order factor. Study 2 involved 305 athletes from the same 5 sports. CFA confirmed the 6-factor, second-order structure for the final 32-item measure. Results from Study 2 supported the construct validity of the scale, providing evidence for the factorial, concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity. The Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale (MDSS) is proposed as a valid and reliable measure of moral disengagement for use in the sport context.

Development and Validation of the Volitional Components Inventory for Drug Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Chang-Jiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation

Long-term recovery from drug abuse is a volitional process. Until now, no measure has been available for assessment of executive functioning capacity in this process. This study aims to identify a volitional process for drug addiction rehabilitation and to develop the Volitional Components Inventory for Drug Rehabilitation (VCI-DR). An item pool was constructed, based on theory construction, individual- and group-focused interviews, and expert feedback. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a structure with five factors: motivation control, impulse control, arousal control, self-discipline, and action management. The VCI-DR displayed promising convergent and discriminant validity with theoretically predicted criterion variables (sense of control, indecisiveness, impulsiveness, motivation of drug addiction rehabilitation, and emotion regulation). In addition, results showed good test–retest reliability, with excellent internal consistencies. Taken together, this research offers promising support for the VCI-DR, potentially advancing both basic and applied addiction research.

The Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Postgraduate School Application Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 106907272097440
Author(s):  
Meaghan K. Rowe-Johnson ◽  
Alex Rice ◽  
Saba R. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Development And Validation

This study introduces a new construct to the literature that may impact students’ entrance into postgraduate programs: postgraduate school application self-efficacy. Although previous scholars have explored the admissions processes for a variety of disciplines and have developed a measure for graduate education self-efficacy, no measure has been developed to assess postgraduate school application self-efficacy (PSASE). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a measure of 423 undergraduate students’ PSASE. Parallel analyses, exploratory factor analyses, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to determine the underlying factor structure of the PSASE scale. Reliability and correlational analyses were also conducted to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Results revealed a conceptually interpretable, 16-item, four-factor solution that accounted for 80.88% of the total variance. Correlational analyses with graduate education self-efficacy and self-esteem provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for the PSASE subscales. Implications and future directions were explored.

Development and validation of financial well-being related scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Diba M.A. Abrantes-Braga ◽  
Tania Veludo-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Additional Income

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop valid and reliable scales for assessing a driver and two obstacles potentially related to financial well-being (FWB): financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe scales were developed from scratch across six studies, employing a two-step methodology, which encompassed both qualitative (e.g. focus group, interviews) and quantitative (i.e. online surveys) data collection. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to test and validate the proposed scales.FindingsThis study provides a set of three parsimonious, self-reported behavioural measures that could be employed in conjunction with objective economic indicators to identify individuals who are financially ill prepared and potential candidates for delinquency. The three proposed scales achieved satisfactory levels of reliability and convergent and discriminant validity.Research limitations/implicationsThe resulting scales still need to be tested for predictive validity and in different consumer groups. The scales were validated in a single culture population (Brazil, a country that presents extraordinarily high credit card interest rates), and they should be tested cross-culturally in countries with different economic and credit policies.Originality/valueThe literature on FWB has traditionally employed objective financial indicators as an attempt to measure the concept of FWB and its elements. Self-reported behavioural measures of such constructs are scant to the point of being non-existent for some elements. This study is the first to offer scales for measuring the elements of financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.

Parental stress among Norwegian fathers and mothers: Similarities and differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110497
Author(s):  
Silje S. Hukkelberg ◽  
Ane Nærde
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Although fathers are increasingly involved in childrearing, less is known about how parental stress is perceived among mothers and fathers separately. The present study investigated the construct validity of the PSS in a community-based sample of Norwegian father–mother dyads with a child aged 4. A total of 1030 mothers and fathers ( N = 515 dyads) responded to the PSS, which is a much used instrument that assesses stress related to childrearing across 18 items. Construct validity was investigated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and the multitrait–multimethod approach (MTMM). The results revealed that six of the items showed extensive ceiling-effects for both parents, and were excluded from further analysis. Dimensionality was examined for the remaining 12 PSS items. The results supported a two-factor solution for both fathers and mothers, reflecting parental stressors (9 items) and lack of rewards (3 items). The MTMM approach indicated convergent and discriminant validity across traits (Parental stressors and Lack of rewards) and methods (father vs mother rating). We also explored the network of PSS items for mothers and fathers, and found both similarities and differences. Overall, the results of the factor analyses have implications for the use of the PSS. The networks of PSS suggest that some items may be especially important when addressing parental stress with mothers and fathers.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale Psychometric Properties with a Sample of Greek Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Lavidas ◽  
Dionysios Manesis ◽  
Vasilios Gialamas
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Statistics Anxiety ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed a correlated six first-order factor model which provided the best fit to the data compared to a six-factor model with one superordinate factor. All six factors of the Greek version of the STARS presented convergent and discriminant validity and were internally consistent. Implications and limitations are discussed.

Development of Family Triadic Measures for Children's Purchase Influence

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chankon Kim ◽  
Hanjoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Family Decision ◽  
Family Decision Making ◽  
Item Data ◽  
Development And Validation

Many past investigations of family members’ perceptions of their relative influence in family decision making show a lack of convergence in multiple reports. This, in turn, represents a serious threat to validity in attempts to depict the structure of family decision influence. These studies warn against using single-item measures of family members’ influence even in cases involving multiple respondents. In this study, using multiple-respondent, multiple-item data, the authors develop triadic measures of children's influence in four categories of product purchase decisions that exhibit desirable levels of convergent and discriminant validity. The process of measure development and validation demonstrates a methodology that combines the traditional measure purification process, confirmatory factor analysis, and multiple-influence, multiple-rater data analysis procedures.

scholarly journals Further Validation of Workplace Spirituality Scale in an Eastern Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Workplace Spirituality ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Business And Management

Several scales for measuring workplace spirituality (WPS) are available. However, a majority of the available scales were developed in the Western context that may not be generalizable in an Eastern context. Petchsawang and Duchon (2009) developed a 22-item, four dimensional WPS scale with a sample from an Eastern Buddhist-centric culture for capturing WPS in an Eastern context. The purpose of this study was to assess the generalizability, dimensionality, and convergent and discriminant validity of this scale in another Eastern context, which has a strong tradition of Hindu culture. Confirmatory Factor Analyses were conducted on the data collected from 211 individuals, and results supported the four dimensions of the scale. Other statistical analyses demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity of the scale. Limitations of the study are highlighted, and suggestions for future research are discussed.Journal of Business and Management Studies Vol.1(1) 2016: 1-13

scholarly journals Enemies and friends in high-tech places: the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205520761987835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Kent de Grey ◽  
Bert N Uchino ◽  
Brian RW Baucom ◽  
Timothy W Smith ◽  
Avery E Holton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Online Social Support ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Cardiovascular Assessment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Development And Validation

Background Interpersonal positivity and negativity are separable dimensions both recognized as having important effects on health. Though online social interactions and research examining them are increasingly common, no validated instrument has heretofore been developed to examine social support and social negativity specifically in online contexts. The present studies describe the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure (OSEM) to allow for assessment of online social positivity and negativity simultaneously. Methods and results In Study I, responses to a potential item pool were collected from participants ( N = 557), who were then subdivided into two groups for the purposes of cross-validation via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results suggested the emergence of two factors: online social support (OSEM+ subscale) and online social negativity (OSEM− subscale). Across Studies I and II ( N = 139), the OSEM showed good convergent and discriminant validity, and both subscales had high internal consistency. Study II included an ambulatory cardiovascular assessment and found the OSEM− subscale to be predictive of elevated diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The OSEM+ subscale was predictive of more favorable cardiovascular readings for some types of participants (e.g. those with a greater number of online-only social ties). Conclusions Overall, results suggest online social positivity and negativity may have implications for physical health, and that the OSEM may be a useful tool in understanding online social processes.

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Assessment Center Dimensions: A Conceptual and Empirical Reexamination of the Assessment Center Construct-Related Validity Paradox

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfred Arthur ◽  
David J. Woehr ◽  
Robyn Maldegen
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Assessment Center ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study notes that the lack of convergent and discriminant validity of assessment center ratings in the presence of content-related and criterion-related validity is paradoxical within a unitarian framework of validity. It also empirically demonstrates an application of generalizability theory to examining the convergent and discriminant validity of assessment center dimensional ratings. Generalizability analyses indicated that person, dimension, and person by dimension effects contribute large proportions of variance to the total variance in assessment center ratings. Alternately, exercise, rater, person by exercise, and dimension by exercise effects are shown to contribute little to the total variance. Correlational and confirmatory factor analyses results were consistent with the generalizability results. This provides strong evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity of the assessment center dimension ratings–a finding consistent with the conceptual underpinnings of the unitarian view of validity and inconsistent with previously reported results. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Running on empty

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 977-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Tan ◽  
Ximena B. Arriaga ◽  
Christopher R. Agnew
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
Commitment Level

Commitment has often been used to examine why individuals unjustifiably persist in relationships that are lacking in or devoid of satisfaction. However, the practicality of using commitment to examine these situations has been questioned because of its substantial association with satisfaction. Across three studies, we created a measure of nonvoluntary dependence and investigated the validity and reliability of the Nonvoluntary Dependence Scale from an investment model perspective. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed evidence of a single factor and reliability analyses revealed good internal reliability for the measure. The new measure also evidenced desirable convergent and discriminant validity with respect to a number of existing individual- and relationship-level constructs. Consistent with hypotheses, nonvoluntary dependence was significantly associated with commitment level, investments, and alternatives but not with relationship satisfaction. Differences in nonvoluntary dependence were also found between individuals in aggressive versus nonaggressive relationships, with no differences found in commitment level. Implications regarding this new measure, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.

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