scholarly journals Enemies and friends in high-tech places: the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205520761987835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Kent de Grey ◽  
Bert N Uchino ◽  
Brian RW Baucom ◽  
Timothy W Smith ◽  
Avery E Holton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Online Social Support ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Cardiovascular Assessment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Development And Validation

Background Interpersonal positivity and negativity are separable dimensions both recognized as having important effects on health. Though online social interactions and research examining them are increasingly common, no validated instrument has heretofore been developed to examine social support and social negativity specifically in online contexts. The present studies describe the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure (OSEM) to allow for assessment of online social positivity and negativity simultaneously. Methods and results In Study I, responses to a potential item pool were collected from participants ( N = 557), who were then subdivided into two groups for the purposes of cross-validation via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results suggested the emergence of two factors: online social support (OSEM+ subscale) and online social negativity (OSEM− subscale). Across Studies I and II ( N = 139), the OSEM showed good convergent and discriminant validity, and both subscales had high internal consistency. Study II included an ambulatory cardiovascular assessment and found the OSEM− subscale to be predictive of elevated diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The OSEM+ subscale was predictive of more favorable cardiovascular readings for some types of participants (e.g. those with a greater number of online-only social ties). Conclusions Overall, results suggest online social positivity and negativity may have implications for physical health, and that the OSEM may be a useful tool in understanding online social processes.

Development and validation of financial well-being related scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Diba M.A. Abrantes-Braga ◽  
Tania Veludo-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Additional Income

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop valid and reliable scales for assessing a driver and two obstacles potentially related to financial well-being (FWB): financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe scales were developed from scratch across six studies, employing a two-step methodology, which encompassed both qualitative (e.g. focus group, interviews) and quantitative (i.e. online surveys) data collection. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to test and validate the proposed scales.FindingsThis study provides a set of three parsimonious, self-reported behavioural measures that could be employed in conjunction with objective economic indicators to identify individuals who are financially ill prepared and potential candidates for delinquency. The three proposed scales achieved satisfactory levels of reliability and convergent and discriminant validity.Research limitations/implicationsThe resulting scales still need to be tested for predictive validity and in different consumer groups. The scales were validated in a single culture population (Brazil, a country that presents extraordinarily high credit card interest rates), and they should be tested cross-culturally in countries with different economic and credit policies.Originality/valueThe literature on FWB has traditionally employed objective financial indicators as an attempt to measure the concept of FWB and its elements. Self-reported behavioural measures of such constructs are scant to the point of being non-existent for some elements. This study is the first to offer scales for measuring the elements of financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Boardley ◽  
Maria Kavussanu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Factor Study ◽  
Development And Validation

A sport-specific measure of moral disengagement was developed in 2 studies. In Study 1, a 59-item questionnaire was developed and tested with 308 athletes from 5 team sports. A series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) testing different models suggested the model that best fitted the data had 6 first-order factors that could be represented by 1 second-order factor. Study 2 involved 305 athletes from the same 5 sports. CFA confirmed the 6-factor, second-order structure for the final 32-item measure. Results from Study 2 supported the construct validity of the scale, providing evidence for the factorial, concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity. The Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale (MDSS) is proposed as a valid and reliable measure of moral disengagement for use in the sport context.

Brazilian-Portuguese Empathy Quotient: Evidences of its Construct Validity and Reliability

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdiney V. Gouveia ◽  
Taciano L. Milfont ◽  
Rildésia S. V. Gouveia ◽  
Julio Rique Neto ◽  
Lilian Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Empathy Quotient

Empathy is the ability to read other's mind and understand their intentions. This paper examines the psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of a short form of the empathy quotient (EQ, 15 items). The EQ-15 was administered to 237 participants from the general population from João Pessoa, Brazil. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the tripartite model with cognitive, emotional and social empathy factors. In line with other studies, gender differences were only observed for the first two factors, with female participants scoring higher on both, which suggests that the social factor might not constitute a truly dimension of empathy. Strong evidence for convergent and discriminant validity was only observed for the cognitive factor. The poor psychometric parameters of the emotional and social factors are argued to reflect the complexity and contrasting ideas of their items. The possibility of elaborating specific items for the emotional and social factors is also discussed.

Development and Validation of the Volitional Components Inventory for Drug Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Chang-Jiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation

Long-term recovery from drug abuse is a volitional process. Until now, no measure has been available for assessment of executive functioning capacity in this process. This study aims to identify a volitional process for drug addiction rehabilitation and to develop the Volitional Components Inventory for Drug Rehabilitation (VCI-DR). An item pool was constructed, based on theory construction, individual- and group-focused interviews, and expert feedback. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a structure with five factors: motivation control, impulse control, arousal control, self-discipline, and action management. The VCI-DR displayed promising convergent and discriminant validity with theoretically predicted criterion variables (sense of control, indecisiveness, impulsiveness, motivation of drug addiction rehabilitation, and emotion regulation). In addition, results showed good test–retest reliability, with excellent internal consistencies. Taken together, this research offers promising support for the VCI-DR, potentially advancing both basic and applied addiction research.

The Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Postgraduate School Application Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 106907272097440
Author(s):  
Meaghan K. Rowe-Johnson ◽  
Alex Rice ◽  
Saba R. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Development And Validation

This study introduces a new construct to the literature that may impact students’ entrance into postgraduate programs: postgraduate school application self-efficacy. Although previous scholars have explored the admissions processes for a variety of disciplines and have developed a measure for graduate education self-efficacy, no measure has been developed to assess postgraduate school application self-efficacy (PSASE). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a measure of 423 undergraduate students’ PSASE. Parallel analyses, exploratory factor analyses, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to determine the underlying factor structure of the PSASE scale. Reliability and correlational analyses were also conducted to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Results revealed a conceptually interpretable, 16-item, four-factor solution that accounted for 80.88% of the total variance. Correlational analyses with graduate education self-efficacy and self-esteem provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for the PSASE subscales. Implications and future directions were explored.

Development and Validation of the Internet Gratification Scale for Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Dhir ◽  
Sufen Chen ◽  
Marko Nieminen
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Uses And Gratification ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Development And Validation

The proliferation of Internet usage has motivated Internet researchers and practitioners to study possible gratifications underlying Internet use. Despite the fact that research examining Internet gratification is more than two decades old, no attempt has been made in the last decade to develop an instrument that has known reliability of scores and validity of inferences to examine the various Internet gratifications. To bridge this gap, the present study has estimated the reliability of scores and validity of inferences of a 27-item instrument, examining different Internet uses and gratification (U&G) among 1,914 adolescent Internet users. The development and validation process involved exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, examination of convergent and discriminant validity, and other measures of construct validity and reliability. The factor analyses revealed a six-factor structure, representing six Internet gratifications, namely, information seeking, exposure, connection, coordination, entertainment, and social influence. This instrument exhibits excellent internal reliability. The practical and theoretical contributions of this instrument are also presented.

Parental stress among Norwegian fathers and mothers: Similarities and differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110497
Author(s):  
Silje S. Hukkelberg ◽  
Ane Nærde
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Although fathers are increasingly involved in childrearing, less is known about how parental stress is perceived among mothers and fathers separately. The present study investigated the construct validity of the PSS in a community-based sample of Norwegian father–mother dyads with a child aged 4. A total of 1030 mothers and fathers ( N = 515 dyads) responded to the PSS, which is a much used instrument that assesses stress related to childrearing across 18 items. Construct validity was investigated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and the multitrait–multimethod approach (MTMM). The results revealed that six of the items showed extensive ceiling-effects for both parents, and were excluded from further analysis. Dimensionality was examined for the remaining 12 PSS items. The results supported a two-factor solution for both fathers and mothers, reflecting parental stressors (9 items) and lack of rewards (3 items). The MTMM approach indicated convergent and discriminant validity across traits (Parental stressors and Lack of rewards) and methods (father vs mother rating). We also explored the network of PSS items for mothers and fathers, and found both similarities and differences. Overall, the results of the factor analyses have implications for the use of the PSS. The networks of PSS suggest that some items may be especially important when addressing parental stress with mothers and fathers.

scholarly journals Construct validity of competency dimensions in a team leader assessment centre

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Ann Greyling ◽  
Deléne Visser ◽  
Linda Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Call Centre ◽  
Method Variance ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Assessment Centre

The aim of the study was to examine the construct validity of an assessment centre. The sample included 138 individuals who participated in a one-day call centre team leader assessment centre. Nine competency dimensions were rated using six exercises. Correlations and a principle axis factor analysis were utilised to study the convergent and discriminant validity of the dimension ratings. The results showed that the ratings clustered according to exercises rather than to dimensions (traits), thereby indicating a substantial amount of method variance. A further factor analysis of the nine competency dimensions yielded two factors that were named interpersonal and problem solving. Implications for the design of assessment centres are discussed. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om die konstrukgeldigheid van ’n takseersentrum te ondersoek. Die steekproef het uit 138 persone bestaan wat aan ’n eendagtakseersentrum vir oproepsentrumgroepleiers deelgeneem het. Ses oefeninge is gebruik om nege bevoegdheidsdimensies te meet. Korrelasies en ’n hoofasfaktorontleding is gebruik om die konvergente en diskriminante geldigheid van die dimensiebeoordelings te bestudeer. Die resultate het getoon dat die beoordelings volgens oefeninge eerder as dimensies (eienskappe) gegroepeer het. Hierdie bevinding dui op ’n hoë mate van metodevariansie. ’n Verdere faktorontleding van die nege bevoegdheidsdimensies het twee faktore, wat as interpersoonlik en probleemoplossend benoem is, opgelewer. Implikasies vir die ontwerp van takseersentrums word bespreek.

scholarly journals Measuring the “Why” of Interaction: Development and Validation of the User Motivation Inventory (UMI)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Brühlmann ◽  
Beat Vollenwyder ◽  
Klaus Opwis ◽  
Elisa D Mekler
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Total N ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
User Motivation

Motivation is a fundamental concept in understanding people’s experiences and behavior. Yet, motivation to engage with an interactive system has received only limited attention in HCI. We report the development and validation of the User Motivation Inventory (UMI). The UMI is an 18-item multidimensional measure of motivation, rooted in self-determination theory (SDT). It is designed to measure intrinsic motivation, integrated, identified, introjected, and external regulation, as well as amotivation. Results of two studies (total N = 941) confirm the six-factor structure of the UMI with high reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity of each subscale. Relationships with core concepts such as need satisfaction, vitality, and usability were studied. Additionally, the UMI was found to detect differences in motivation for people who consider abandoning a technology compared to those who do not question their use. The central role of motivation in users’ behavior and experience is discussed.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale Psychometric Properties with a Sample of Greek Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Lavidas ◽  
Dionysios Manesis ◽  
Vasilios Gialamas
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Statistics Anxiety ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed a correlated six first-order factor model which provided the best fit to the data compared to a six-factor model with one superordinate factor. All six factors of the Greek version of the STARS presented convergent and discriminant validity and were internally consistent. Implications and limitations are discussed.

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