scholarly journals A Season-Long Team-Building Intervention: Examining the Effect of Team Goal Setting on Cohesion

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Senécal ◽  
Todd M. Loughead ◽  
Gordon A. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
Female High School ◽  
Group Environment Questionnaire ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the implementation of a season-long team-building intervention program using team goal setting increased perceptions of cohesion. The participants were 86 female high school basketball players from 8 teams. The teams were randomly assigned to either an experimental team goal–setting or control condition. Each participant completed the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ; Carron, Brawley, & Widmeyer, 2002; Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985), which assessed cohesion at both the beginning and end of the season. Overall, the results revealed a significant multivariate effect, Pillai’s trace F(12, 438) = 2.68, p = .002. Post hoc analyses showed that at the beginning of the season, athletes from both conditions did not differ in their perceptions of cohesion. However, at the end of the season, athletes in the team goal–setting condition held higher perceptions of cohesion than athletes in the control condition. Overall, the results indicated that team goal setting was an effective team-building tool for influencing cohesiveness in sport teams.

A Training Program to Improve Neuromuscular and Performance Indices in Female High School Basketball Players

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R Noyes ◽  
Sue D Barber-Westin ◽  
Stephanie T Smith ◽  
Thomas Campbell ◽  
Tiina T Garrison
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Female High School ◽  
And Performance

Assessing the Cohesion of Teams: Validity of the Group Environment Questionnaire

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Brawley ◽  
Albert V. Carron ◽  
W. Neil Widmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Responsibility Attributions ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Concurrent Study ◽  
Group Environment Questionnaire ◽  
Predictive Study

The process of validating a recently developed instrument to assess perceived team cohesion is discussed. The Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ), an instrument designed to measure cohesion in sport teams, has good estimates for its internal consistency and for its content and factorial validity (Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985; Widmeyer, Brawley, & Carron, 1985). However, other aspects of its validity required examination. The present article reports three studies concerning inspection of the GEQ's concurrent (Study 1), predictive (Study 2), and construct (Study 3) validities. In Study 1 the GEQ exhibited the predicted correspondence with similar measures of cohesion and was not significantly correlated with measures of other constructs. In Study 2 the GEQ successfully discriminated team and individual sport athletes by predicting their membership to these groups on the basis of their task cohesion scores. As well, classification of athletes as new and long-standing members of individual sport teams was predicted on the basis of their social cohesion scores. Finally, in Study 3 evidence was obtained for the predicted difference in self-responsibility attributions between high and low task-cohesive athletes of team sports. Considering the results of the three studies with previous evidence of content and factorial validity, the conclusion was that the GEQ is valid. In sum, demonstrations of the GEQ's content, factorial, concurrent, predictive, and construct validity reflect the ongoing process of its construct validation.

scholarly journals Stress, Coping, and Injuries in Male and Female High School Basketball Players

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Rider ◽  
Robert A. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Life Event Stress ◽  
Female High School ◽  
Event Stress

Past research has identified a positive relationship between life-event stress and football injuries, but research in other sports has yielded more ambiguous results. It seems, then, that the relation of life stress and injury may be sport-specific and that different sports must be studied separately before such a relationship is assumed. The present investigation examined the relationships among life-event stress, coping skills, social support, and injuries of male and female high school basketball players. Contrary to the hypothesis, the number of days missed due to injury was not significantly related to life-event stress. As expected, the injury measure was negatively correlated with both the coping-skills and social-support variables, but these correlations did not reach statistical significance. Recommendations for research are discussed.

Internal Consistency of the Group Environment Questionnaire Modified for University Residence Settings

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert V. Carron ◽  
Michael C. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
Group Environment Questionnaire

The Group Environment Questionnaire, developed to assess cohesiveness in sport teams, was modified for use in a university residence environment. To examine the internal consistency values of the modified questionnaire, 223 women and 145 men completed the form. Cronbach alphas for ATG-Task, ATG-Social, GI-Task, and Gl-Social were .81, .75, .73, and .83, respectively. These values are superior to those reported for the original version.

Cohesion and Performance in Sport: A Meta Analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert V. Carron ◽  
Michelle M. Colman ◽  
Jennifer Wheeler ◽  
Diane Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Potential Moderator

The main purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analytic summary of the cohesion-performance relationship in sport. A secondary purpose was to examine the influence of a number of potential moderator variables. Another secondary purpose was to examine the cohesion–performance relationship reported in studies using the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ). Standard literature searches produced 46 studies containing a total of 164 effect sizes. Overall, a significant moderate to large relationship was found between cohesion and performance. A moderate effect was found in studies that used the GEQ. A larger cohesion–performance effect was found in refereed publications (vs. nonpublished sources) and for female teams. These results have implications for practitioners in terms of the importance of team building to enhance team cohesion, the nature of those team-building programs (e.g., both task- or social-oriented programs should be beneficial), and their target group (e.g., both interdependent and coactive sport teams should profit).

scholarly journals Effects of Plyometric, Strength and Change of Direction Training on High-School Basketball Player’s Physical Fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal ◽  
Jose Galán Molina ◽  
Guillermo de Castro-Maqueda ◽  
José V. Gutiérrez-Manzanedo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

Abstract The study aim was to compare the effects of a 7-week plyometric, strength and change of direction (COD) training program on basketball-specific performance measures in high-school players. Forty male players were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: plyometric (PG, n = 10), strength (SG, n = 10), COD (CODG, n = 10), and control group training (CG, n = 10). Two training sessions were performed at weekly intervals before basketball training. Performance of the counter movement jump (CMJ), Abalakov jump (ABKJ), 10 m zig-zag sprint, 20 m in line sprint (measurements at 10 and 20 m), and sit and reach flexibility test (SRFT) was assessed before and after the intervention. A 4 (group) × 2 (time) repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) was conducted for each variable. Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used when the interaction was significant. Significant (all p < 0.05) time x group interaction was noted for SRFT, CMJ, ABK, sprint, and zig-zag 10 m, in favor of the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, improvements in physical fitness were similar between the three experimental groups. In conclusion, 7 weeks of specific plyometric, strength and COD training produced similar medium to large improvements in physical fitness of high-school basketball players.

The Effects of Team Building on the Adherence Patterns of Female Exercise Participants

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Spink ◽  
Albert V. Carron
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Program Adherence ◽  
Early Departure ◽  
Building Program ◽  
Building Condition ◽  
Drop Outs

This study examined whether a team-building intervention program would positively influence participant adherence in an exercise setting. Thirteen fitness classes were randomly assigned to a team-building condition (n=6 classes) or a control condition (n=7 classes). Instructors from the team-building condition participated in a training program for team building in their classes. Instructors from the control group were neither approached nor informed of the training program. Adherence, which was monitored over a 4-week period, was assessed using measures of attendance, lateness, early departure, and withdrawal. The perception of class cohesiveness was assessed during the 8th week of class using the Group Environment Questionnaire. The team building group had significantly higher perceptions of ATG-Task than did the control group (p<.002). In terms of adherence, there were significantly fewer drop-outs and late arrivals among participants in the classes with the team-building program.

Balance Improvements in Female High School Basketball Players after a 6-Week Neuromuscular-Training Program

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara C. Valovich McLeod ◽  
Travis Armstrong ◽  
Mathew Miller ◽  
Jamie L. Sauers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Neuromuscular Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trained Group ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Female High School

Context:Poor balance has been associated with increased injury risk among athletes. Neuromuscular-training programs have been advocated as a means of injury prevention, but little is known about the benefits of these programs on balance in high school athletes.Objective:To determine whether there are balance gains after participation in a neuromuscular-training program in high school athletes.Design:Nonrandomized controlled trial.Setting:All data were collected at each participating high school before and after a 6-wk intervention or control period.Participants:62 female high school basketball players recruited from the local high school community and assigned to a training (n = 37) or control (n = 25) group.Intervention:Training-group subjects participated in a 6-wk neuromuscular-training program that included plyo- metric, functional-strengthening, balance, and stability-ball exercises.Main Outcome Measures:Data were collected for the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) before and after the 6-wk intervention or control period.Results:The authors found a significant decrease in total BESS errors in the trained group at the posttest compared with their pretest and the control group (P = .003). Trained subjects also scored significantly fewer BESS errors on the single-foam and tandem-foam conditions at the posttest than the control group and demonstrated improvements on the single-foam compared with their pretest (P = .033). The authors found improvements in reach in the lateral, anteromedial, medial, and posterior directions in the trained group at the posttest compared with the control group (P < .05) using the SEBT.Conclusion:The study demonstrates that a neuromuscular-training program can increase the balance and proprioceptive capabilities of female high school basketball players and that clinical balance measures are sensitive to detect these differences.

Effects of Two Semirigid Prophylactic Ankle Stabilizers on Speed, Agility, and Vertical Jump

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Bocchinfuso ◽  
Michael R. Sitler ◽  
Iris F. Kimura
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Performance Events ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Female High School ◽  
Shuttle Run

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two semirigid prophylactic ankle stabilizers on vertical jump, 80-ft sprint, shuttle run, and four-point run performance. Eight male and seven female high school basketball players, who denied prior ankle injury and prophylactic ankle stabilizer experience, completed the four performance events under the conditions of Active Ankle Training Brace, Aircast SportStirrup, and nonbraced control. Data analyses consisted of four 1 × 3 ANOVAs with repeated measures on the independent variable of brace condition. Results of the analysis revealed no significant differences among the experimental conditions for any of the performance events tested. In conclusion, the Active Ankle Training Brace and Aircast SportStirrup did not facilitate or adversely affect performance involving speed, agility, and vertical jump of high school basketball players.

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