scholarly journals Dynamic Balance in Athletes With Intellectual Disability: Effect of Dynamic Stretching and Plyometric Warm-Ups

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghada Jouira ◽  
Selim Srihi ◽  
Fatma Ben Waer ◽  
Haithem Rebai ◽  
Sonia Sahli
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composite Scores

Context: Athletes with intellectual disability (ID) have a high risk of injury while participating in various sports. Warm-up (WU) is the most preventive measure to reduce injuries in sports. Objective: To investigate the effects of dynamic stretching WU (DS-WU) and plyometric WU (PL-WU) on dynamic balance in athletes with ID. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: A total of 12 athletes with ID (age 24.5 [3.22] y, height 165.7 [8.4] cm, weight 61.5 [7.1] kg, intelligence quotient 61.1 [3.5]). Main Outcome Measures: Dynamic balance was assessed using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) at pre-WU, post-WU, and 15 minutes post-WU for both the DS-WU and the PL-WU. A 2-way analysis of variance (3 sessions × 2 WU methods) with repeated-measures was used in this study. Results: Following the DS-WU, participants demonstrated significant improvements in the SEBT composite score post-WU (89.12% [5.54%] vs 87.04% [5.35%]; P < .01) and at 15 minutes post-WU (89.55% [5.28%] vs 87.04%, P < .01) compared with pre-WU. However, no significant difference between these two post-WU scores (post-WU and 15 min post-WU) was found. For the PL-WU, participants demonstrated a significant decrease in the SEBT composite score at post-WU (85.95% [5.49%] vs 87.02% [5.73%]; P < .05); however, these scores increased significantly at 15 minutes post-WU (88.60% [5.42%] vs 87.02% [5.49%]; P < .05) compared with that at pre-WU. The SEBT composite scores are significantly higher in the DS-WU than in the PL-WU at both post-WU sessions (P < .05). Conclusion: Both DS-WU and PL-WU could improve dynamic balance and may be recommended as WUs in athletes with ID; however, particular caution should be exercised immediately after the PL-WU.

Static and Dynamic Acute Stretching Effect on Gymnasts’ Speed in Vaulting

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theophanis Siatras ◽  
Georgios Papadopoulos ◽  
Dimitra Mameletzi ◽  
Vasilios Gerodimos ◽  
Spiros Kellis
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Stretching Effect ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Although warm-up and stretching exercises are routinely performed by gymnasts, it is suggested that stretching immediately prior to an activity might affect negatively the athletic performance. The focus of this investigation was on the acute effect of a protocol, including warm-up and static and dynamic stretching exercises, on speed during vaulting in gymnastics. Eleven boys were asked to perform three different protocols consisting of warm-up, warm-up and static stretching and warm-up and dynamic stretching, on three nonconsecutive days. Each protocol was followed by a “handspring” vault. One-way analysis of variance for repeated-measures showed a significant difference in gymnasts’ speed, following the different protocols. Tukey’s post hoc analysis revealed that gymnasts mean speed during the run of vault was significantly decreased after the application of the static stretching protocol. The findings of the present study indicate the inhibitory role of an acute static stretching in running speed in young gymnasts.

scholarly journals Examination of basic motoric characteristics with different stretching exercises in football playersFutbolcularda farklı germe egzersizleri ile temel motorik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öznur Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Explosive Force ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stretching Exercises

To investigate acutely the effects of different stretching exercises on football players on the basic motoric properties (strength, flexibility, speed, balance and explosive force). 10 volunteer football players with an average age of 17 participated in the study. Three different measurements protocols were used in the study. The first measurement was performed without stretching exercise, the second measurement was performed after the static stretching exercise and the third measurement was performed after the dynamic stretching exercise. All measurements were carried out at Manisa Tarık Almış sports facilities. To determine the performances of volunteers; back strength, leg strength, hand grip strength, flexibility, 20 m. sprint and flamingo balance test. The Repeated Measures ANOVA test and the Bonferroni Test were used using the SPSS 23.0 package program to analyze the relationship between the performance of the study group and performance tests on different days and different protocols. When the three different methods applied to participants were compared; there is a statistically significant difference between sit and reach, speed and balance tests. As a result, there is a positive effect of stretching exercises on flexibility, sprint and dynamic balance skills. ÖzetFutbolcularda farklı germe egzersizlerinin temel motorik özellikler (kuvvet, esneklik, sürat, denge ve patlayıcı kuvvet) üzerine etkilerini akut olarak incelemektir. Çalışmaya yaş ortalamaları 17 olan 10 gönüllü futbolcu katılmıştır. Çalışmada 3 farklı ölçüm protokolü kullanılmıştır. Birinci ölçüm germe egzersizi yapmadan, ikinci ölçüm statik germe egzersizinden sonra ve üçüncü ölçüm dinamik germe egzersizinden sonra gerçekleştirildi. Tüm ölçümler Manisa Tarık Almış Spor Tesislerinde yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların performanslarını belirlemek için sırt kuvveti, bacak kuvveti, el kavrama kuvveti, esneklik, 20 m. sprint, flamingo denge testi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma grubunun farklı günlerde ve farklı germe egzersizlerini takiben uygulanan performans testlerinin aralarındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek için SPSS 23.0 paket programından, Repeated Measures Testi ve Bonferroni Testi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılara uygulanan three farklı ölçüm metodu karşılaştırıldığında; otur-eriş, sürat ve denge testleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardır (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak, germe egzersizlerinin esneklik, sürat ve denge üzerinde olumlu etkisi vardır.

Comparison of Immediate Effects of Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretching to Only Dynamic Stretching on Flexibility, Balance, and Agility in Male Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erhan Seçer ◽  
Derya Özer Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Foam Rolling ◽  
And Performance

Context: Dynamic stretching (DS) is typically suggested during warm-up protocols. Also, foam rolling (FR), which is applied with a foam cylinder, has increased popularity in recent years. However, the combined effects of DS and FR in improving flexibility, dynamic balance, and agility performance are unclear in current literature. Therefore, this study aim to evaluate and compare the acute effects of DS as well as DS followed by FR (DS + FR) on flexibility, dynamic balance, and agility in male soccer players. Design: This study was a crossover study with a within-subject design. Methods: Thirty volunteer male soccer players (mean age 18.80 [0.66] y) were included in the study. Each participant performed the 2 sessions (DS and DS + FR) on separate occasions in a randomized order, with an interval of 72 hours. All sessions were performed in the indoor gym at the sports club. Flexibility was assessed by sit-and-reach test, dynamic balance was assessed by Y balance test, and agility was assessed by t test. Results: Compared with the pretest results, significant improvement in flexibility was observed in both groups (change = 0.55, percentage change = 2.05, effect size [ES] = 0.15, P = .041; change = 0.64, percentage change = 2.36, ES = 0.20, P = .025; respectively). Balance scores did not significantly improve in either group (change = 0.40, percentage change = 0.45, ES = 0.09, P = .342; change = 0.93, percentage change = 1.02, ES = 0.23, P = .103; respectively). Agility performance significantly improved in both groups (change = −0.12, percentage change = −1.18, ES = 0.19, P = .021; change = −0.21, percentage change = −2.18, ES = 0.38, P = .005; respectively). Conclusions: Both DS and DS + FR improved flexibility and agility and did not affect balance. DS + FR was not superior to DS at improving flexibility and agility as compared only with DS. Both methods are effective warm-up protocols to augment factors related to injury risk and performance. It seems that further studies that investigate the combined effects of FR and DS are needed.

scholarly journals Examination of basic motoric characteristics with different stretching exercises in football playersGenç basketbolcularda statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin bazı fiziksel parametrelere etkisi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1492
Author(s):  
Murat Akyüz ◽  
Murat Özmaden ◽  
Yeliz Doğru ◽  
Evren Karademir ◽  
Yeşim Aydın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stretching Exercises

This study was conducted to examine the effects of static and dynamic stretching exercises on strength, flexibility, speed and balance in young basketball players. 10 volunteers from the 16 year old male basketball team of Pınar Karsiyaka Sports Club participated in the study. The average age of the athletes is 16 ± 0,0 (year) and the average of the height is 188 ± 0,08 (cm). The study consists of three parts. On the first day, dynamic stretching exercises were performed on the second day and static stretching exercises and performance tests were performed on the third day without performing any exercise. Applied performance tests were hand grip strength, back-leg strength, sit-in flexibility test, 20 m. Sprint test and flamingo balance test. The obtained data were analyzed with the variance analysis (ANOVA test) in the repeated measures using the SPSS 23.0 package program. As a result of the study, the flexibility of the static and dynamic stretching exercises in the data obtained, the difference in the left handed claw strength and the speed of the dynamic stretching exercises were significant (p <0.05). On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was found between static and dynamic stretching exercises and back leg strength and balance (p> 0.05). As a result, it can be said that static and dynamic stretching exercises have a positive effect on flexibility, strength and speed. ÖzetBu çalışma genç basketbolcularda statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin kuvvet, esneklik, sürat ve denge üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya Pınar Karşıyaka Spor Kulübünün 16 yaş erkek basketbol takımından 10 gönüllü katılmıştır. Sporcuların yaş ortalamaları 16±0,0 (yıl), boy ortalamaları 188±0,08 (cm)’dir. Çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci gün herhangi bir egzersiz uygulanmadan, ikinci gün dinamik germe egzersizleri ve üçüncü gün statik germe egzersizleri ile performans testleri uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan performans testleri sırasıyla el kavrama kuvveti, sırt-bacak kuvveti, otur-eriş esneklik testi, 20 m. sprint testi ve flamingo denge testinden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılarak tekrarlı ölçümlerde Varyans Analizi (Anova Testi) ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen verilerde statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin esnekliğe, dinamik germe egzersizlerinin sol el pençe kuvveti ve sürat üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılık meydana gelmiştir (p<0.05). Diğer yandan, statik ve dinamik germe egzersizleri ile sırt bacak kuvveti ve denge üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin esneklik, kuvvet ve sürat üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.

Ankle Stabilizers Affect Agility but Not Vertical Jump or Dynamic Balance Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatin P. Ambegaonkar ◽  
Charles J. Redmond ◽  
Christa Winter ◽  
Nelson Cortes ◽  
Shruti J. Ambegaonkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Ankle stabilizers can reduce ankle sprain incidence and severity by limiting range of motion. Still whether using them affects performance remains unclear. The authors compared effects of 3 ankle stabilizers, tape, lace-up (Swede-O Ankle Lok), and semirigid (Air-Cast Air-Stirrup) braces, and a nonsupport control on vertical jump (Sargent Jump Test), agility (Right-Boomerang Run test), and dynamic balance (Modified Bass Test) in 10 volunteers (4 males, 6 females; 25.6 ± 2.8 years, 167.8 ± 13.7 cm, 61.4 ± 10.7 kg) using repeated-measures ANOVAs. Participants had similar vertical jump ( P = .27; control = 41.40 ± 11.89 cm, tape = 37.90 ± 7.92 cm, Swede-O = 41.40 ± 11.89 cm, Air-Cast = 39.29 ± 10.85 cm) and dynamic balance ( P = .08; control = 92.50 ± 2.46, tape = 91.55 ± 3.53, Swede-O = 97.00 ± 5.32, Air-Cast = 89.40 ± 6.08) but differing agility scores ( P = .03; control = 13.55 ± 1.35 seconds, tape = 14.03 ± 1.5 seconds, Swede-O = 14.10 ± 1.36 seconds, Air-Cast = 14.14 ± 1.41 seconds). Post hoc tests revealed a significant difference ( P = .03) between control and Air-Cast but not between Swede-O ( P = .06) or tape ( P = .07). Effect size ( d) analyses indicated that compared with control, all stabilizers trended to increase agility run times (tape, d = 0.33; Swede-O, d = 0.40; Air-Cast, d = 0.43). Since participants primarily required sagittal plane motion when jumping vertically and had relatively slow directional changes in the dynamic balance test, wearing ankle stabilizers did not hamper jump or balance. However, ankle stabilizers hindered participants’ ability to perform quick directional changes required in the agility test, with the most rigid stabilizer (Air-Cast) affecting agility the most. Clinicians should be aware that ankle stabilizers may affect some performance measures (agility) but not others (jumping, balance) and continue examinations in larger cohorts. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level II

scholarly journals The effect of diurnal rhythms on static and dynamic balance performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Amir Dana ◽  
Amir Hamzeh Sabzi ◽  
Saeed Ghorbani ◽  
Amir Ghiami Rad
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Balance Error

Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of different times of day on static and dynamic balance performance. Material and methods: Thirty male individuals (age 22 ± 1.2 years, BMI 23.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2, height 178.5 ± 6.52 cm) volunteered for the study. The participants performed static and dynamic balance tests at 10:00, 15:00, and 20:00. Static and dynamic balance were measured using Y Balance Test (YBT) and the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). One-factor repeated measures ANOVA with the LSD post-hoc procedure was performed to examine balance changes in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Results: Results indicated a significant difference in static balance scores at different times of day (p < 0.05). Post-hoc analysis indicates that mean of errors in afternoon exhibits significantly smaller than those of morning (p = 0.024), and evening (p = 0.029). Other results showed significant differences in dynamic balance at different times of day (p < 0.05). Post-hoc analysis indicates that means of reaching distance in afternoon exhibits significantly larger than those of morning (p = 0.032), and evening (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The results provide strong evidence about the effect of different times of day on performance.

Postural control and risk of falling in people who are blind: The effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises

2022 ◽  
pp. 026461962110673
Author(s):  
Yousof Moghadas Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Hani Mansori ◽  
Mohammad Karimizadeh Ardakani
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Falling Risk

The aim of this study was to compare the effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises on balance and the risk of falling in people with visual impairment (VI). Thirty-six men with VI were divided into three groups, including a control and two experimental (perturbation and vestibular) groups. The experimental groups performed perturbation and vestibular exercises for 4 weeks and three sessions per week. Biodex balance system was used to assess balance and falling risk before and after training interventions. To evaluate the effects within and between groups at three levels of measurement: pre-test, post-test, and durability effect between three groups, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way ANOVA were used. Repeated measures ANOVA test showed that both experimental groups showed significant improvements in static balance, dynamic balance, and falling risk. In comparison between the groups, the results showed that in the post-test and durability stages, there was a significant difference between the groups and the perturbation exercise group had a greater effect on the dependent variables. Due to the effectiveness of exercises, it is recommended that people with VI pay attention to balance-based perturbation exercises to strengthen the somatosensory system and vestibular exercises to strengthen the vestibular system.

Differences in Static- and Dynamic-Balance Task Performance After 4 Weeks of Intrinsic-Foot-Muscle Training: The Short-Foot Exercise Versus the Towel-Curl Exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott K. Lynn ◽  
Ricardo A. Padilla ◽  
Kavin K.W. Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Balance Task

Context:Proper functioning of the intrinsic foot musculature (IFM) is essential in maintaining the integrity of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). Improper functioning of the IFM leads to excessive pronation of the foot, which has been linked to various pathologies. Therefore, training the IFM to avoid excessive pronation may help prevent some of these pathologies; however, it is not clear how to train these muscles optimally.Objective:To investigate the effects of 2 different types of IFM training on the height of the MLA and static- and dynamic-balance task performance.Design:Randomized controlled trial, repeated-measures mixed-model design.Setting:University biomechanics laboratory for testing and a home-based training program.Participants:24 healthy, university-age volunteers (3 groups of 8) with no history of major lower limb pathology or balance impairment.Interventions:One experimental group performed 4 wk of the short-foot exercise (SFE) and the other performed 4 wk of the towel-curl exercise (TCE). Participants were asked to perform 100 repetitions of their exercise per day.Main Outcome Measures:Navicular height during weight bearing, the total range of movement of the center of pressure (COP) in the mediolateral (ML) direction for a static-balance test and a dynamic-balance test.Results:There were no differences in the navicular height or static-balance tests. For the dynamic-balance test, all groups decreased the ML COP movement on the dominant limb by a small amount (~5 mm); however, the SFE group was able to decrease COP movement much more than the TCE group in the nondominant limb.Conclusions:The SFE appeared to train the IFM more effectively than the TCE; however, there were differing results between the dominant and nondominant legs. These imbalances need to be taken into consideration by clinicians.

scholarly journals The Effect of Eight Weeks of Selected Exercises in Water on Pain and Balance of Female Nurses With Chronic Back Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Havar Ezadi ◽  
◽  
Narmin Ghanizadeh Hesar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of selected exercises in water on pain and balance of nurses with chronic back pain. Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out on 30 nurses working in Sanandaj city hospitals. Selected exercises in water for eight weeks, three sessions per week, which was carried out progressively and with the practice of central stability exercises on the experimental group. To assess the pain and balance of the patients in the pre and post test tests, both groups used the standard questionnaire of Quebec, FBT test, berg balance test. Independent and dependent t-test was used to analyze the data. The significance level was considered as P<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of pain and the static and dynamic balance in the experimental and control groups, respectively, with a significant decrease and significant increase in the pain (P=0.001) and static (P=0.001) and dynamic (P=0.001) balance variables in the experimental group. Conclusion: Regarding the effectiveness of selected exercises in water on the pain and balance of nurses with non-specific chronic low back pain, it is recommended to design the training protocols for patients with Special attention should be given to the chronic pain, to the practice of water therapy (and to the importance of taking core stability of the workout in these exercises).

Effects of gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping on ankle dorsiflexion and balance in individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jong-Chul Jung ◽  
Yong-Il Shin ◽  
Da-In An ◽  
Won-Young Park ◽  
Soo-Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Various interventions have been recommended to increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM); however, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of applying gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping (GSTST). OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of gastrocnemius stretching (GS) and GSTST on DFROM and balance in subjects with limited DFROM. METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with limited DFROM were randomly allocated to either the GS group (n= 13) or GSTST group (n= 13) for 6 weeks. Maximum DFROM before heel-off during gait, passive DFROM, posterior talar glide, flexibility of the gastrocnemius, and the lower-quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ) were assessed pre-intervention and post-intervention. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the changes in variables. RESULTS: The GSTST group had greater maximum DFROM before heel-off, passive DFROM, and posterior talar glide than the GS group. Gastrocnemius flexibility and YBT-LQ scores increased significantly post-intervention in both groups; however, there was no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: GSTST is recommend for improving ankle DFROM and balance in subjects with limited DFROM.

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