Bone Mass and Somatic Development in Young Female Gymnasts: A Longitudinal Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Courteix ◽  
Christelle Jaffré ◽  
Philippe Obert ◽  
Laurent Benhamou
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Somatic Development ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
Prepubertal Girls

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of vigorous activity on the somatic and skeletal growths in young females reaching puberty. From a group of 41 prepubertal girls, 24 remained in this study: 10 gymnasts training 15 to 22 hr a week and 14 non-exercising controls. At the start and during the study period, bone age, height, weight, fat and lean mass were significantly lower in the gymnasts vs. the controls (p < .05). These variables had increased in the same way for both groups. At each investigation, the gymnasts had significantly higher BMC, BMD, and BMAD at all the sites (p < .01) except the whole body. The strong correlation between somatic measurements at the start and at the end of the study indicated that physical exercise does not disrupt the normal growth in these children.

scholarly journals Postural Control in Unipedal Quiet Stance in Young Female Gymnasts and the Effects of Training with Consideration of Transient Behavior of Postural Sway

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
Urška Čeklić ◽  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Žiga Kozinc
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Quiet Stance ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
Cohen's D

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to compare postural control between a group of young female gymnasts (n = 15; age: 11.2 ± 1.9 years) and non-trained peers (n = 15; age: 10.9 ± 2.0 years), and (b) to investigate the effect of an 8-week whole body exercise intervention program on postural control in young female gymnasts. Postural control was assessed by recording center of pressure (CoP) movements during unipedal quiet stance. Velocity and amplitude of CoP movement in anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions were considered. In addition to common trial-averaged CoP outcomes, we also considered the transient behavior of CoP movements, by calculating relative differences between the 1st and 2nd, and the 1st and 3rd 10-s intervals within the whole trial (DIF_21 and DIF_31, respectively). The gymnast group had lower total CoP velocity (Cohen’s d = 0.97) and AP amplitude (Cohen’s d = 0.85), compared to their non-trained peers. The gymnasts also had lower CoP AP amplitude DIF21 (Cohen’s d = 0.73), with almost constant values across all intervals. After the training ML CoP velocity was reduced for 13.12% (Cohen’s d = 0.60), while ML CoP amplitude increased (Cohen’s d = −0.89).

Constitutional Delay of Growth: Expected versus Final Adult Height

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen LaFranchi ◽  
Cheryl E. Hanna ◽  
Scott H. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Height Predictions

Constitutional delay of growth and puberty is believed to represent a variation of normal growth, and it is expected that children with this condition will grow for a longer duration than average and reach a height that is normal for their genetic potential. The records of children with constitutional delay of growth and puberty who were initially seen in the Pediatric Endocrine Clinic at the Oregon Health Sciences University between 1975 and 1983 were retrospectively reviewed. Criteria for study included a height more than 2 SD below the mean, a significantly delayed bone age, and a normal growth velocity on follow-up. Forty-two subjects were located and final adult height measurements were obtained. At contact, the 29 male subjects (mean age = 23.9 years) were 169.5 ± 4.5 cm tall (mean ± SD), and the 13 female subjects (mean age = 20.5 years) were 156 ± 3.8 cm tall. Adult height predictions during follow-up, using either the Bayley-Pinneau or Roche-Wainer-Thissen method, were close to final adult heights. The males were 1.2 SD and the females 1.3 SD below the 50th percentile as adults. This finding was not fully explained by genetic short stature; the males fell 5.1 cm and the females 5.3 cm below target heights based on midparental heights. It is concluded that this discrepancy is most likely explained by a selection bias of the shortest children referred to and observed in a subspecialty clinic, although a defect in human growth hormone secretion or function in children at the far end of the spectrum of constitutional delay of growth and puberty cannot be excluded.

Region of Interest Localization for Bone Age Estimation Using Whole-Body Bone Scintigraphy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Thanh-Cong Do ◽  
Hyung Jeong Yang ◽  
Soo Hyung Kim ◽  
Guee Sang Lee ◽  
Sae Ryung Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Bone

Evaluating the effectiveness of Let’s Talk Period’s educational outreach for high school students

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubnaa Hossenbaccus
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Educational Outreach ◽  
School Students ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Abnormal Bleeding ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Health Teachers

Von Willebrand Disease, the most common bleeding disorder, is inherited equally by men and women, though bleeding symptoms are usually more evident in females due to their menstrual cycles and childbirth. The goal of developing a youth outreach project was to empower young female high school students with knowledge and resources about abnormal bleeding. The 75-minute presentation was given to five Grade 9 Girls’ Health classes across the Limestone District School Board, and led by a Hemophilia Nurse, supported by a Clinical Research Assistant and a 2nd year undergraduate student, who interacted with students and documented the presentation with photographs. Queen’s REB approved the project, and parental and student permission was obtained for photographs. Using Kahoot, an interactive online quiz program, students participated in short pre- and post-presentation quizzes to evaluate their knowledge and learning. Questions including "True/False: Iron deficiency is normal and expected among young females," were posed within the set of 9 questions on topics of anemia, menstruation, and abnormal bleeding. 84 students participated, aged 14 and 15, and 58 had evaluable quiz results. The results showed an average pre-presentation score of 77%, ranging from 72-83%, with a post-presentation quiz average of 92%, ranging from 83-95%. It was determined that students’ post-presentation scores were significantly higher (p<0.001) than those before the presentation, providing evidence for an increase in student understanding. Testing efficacy of these presentations can help determine their level of utility as a resource for health teachers to implement in their classrooms.  

Mechanisms of adaptation to proteinuria in adriamycin nephrosis

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. F257-F263 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Choi ◽  
R. C. May ◽  
J. Bailey ◽  
T. Masud ◽  
A. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Growth ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Protein Conservation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Protein Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

To evaluate the impact of urinary protein losses on whole body protein turnover (WBPT) independent of acidosis or uremia, we utilized a model of unilateral adriamycin nephrosis. Control rats were matched by weight to nephrotic rats and pair fed 22% protein chow for 14-18 days; urinary urea nitrogen (UUN) was measured on day 12, and leucine turnover measurement was performed on the final day. Growth rates of nephrotic and pair-fed control rats did not differ during the first 2 wk of pair feeding; thereafter, a small difference in growth could be detected. Despite an identical intake of dietary protein, UUN excretion was 29% less in the nephrotic rats (P < or = 0.02). Fasting whole body protein synthesis and degradation did not differ between nephrotic and control rats; in contrast, leucine oxidation decreased by 21% in nephrosis (P < 0.05). On the basis of near normal growth and normal rates of WBPT, we conclude that nephrotic rats fed ad libitum can adapt to the stress of continuous protein losses. A reduction in amino acid oxidation and UUN excretion were the primary mechanisms responsible for protein conservation in experimental nephrosis.

scholarly journals Four Loci Are Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Endurance Performance in Young Chinese Females

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Guoyuan Huang ◽  
Zuosong Chen ◽  
Xiang Fan ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Fixed Model

AbstractCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and endurance performance are characterized by a complex genetic trait with high heritability. Although research has identified many physiological and environmental correlates with CRF, the genetic architecture contributing to CRF remains unclear, especially in non-athlete population. A total of 762 Chinese young female participants were recruited and an endurance run test was used to determine CRF. We used a fixed model of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for CRF. Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Axiom and illumina 1 M arrays. After quality control and imputation, a linear regression-based association analysis was conducted using a total of 5,149,327 variants. Four loci associated with CRF were identified to reach genome-wide significance (P < 5.0 × 10-8), which located in 15q21.3 (rs17240160, P = 1.73 × 10-9, GCOM1), 3q25.31 (rs819865, P = 8.56 × 10-9, GMPS), 21q22.3 (rs117828698, P = 9.59 × 10-9, COL18A1), and 17q24.2 (rs79806428, P = 3.85 × 10-8, PRKCA). These loci (GCOM1, GMPS, COL18A1 and PRKCA) associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and endurance performance in Chinese non-athlete young females. Our results suggest that these gene polymorphisms provide further genetic evidence for the polygenetic nature of cardiorespiratory endurance and be used as genetic biomarkers for future research.

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