Physical Activity, Fitness, and Physical Self-Concept in Adolescent Females

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Fridlund Dunton ◽  
Margaret Schneider ◽  
Dan J. Graham ◽  
Dan M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Percent Body Fat

Cross-sectional research examined whether physical activity or physical fitness was more closely linked to physical self-concept in adolescent females ages 14 to 17 (N = 103, 63% Caucasian). Moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity were measured through a 3-day physical activity recall. Physical fitness was assessed using highly accurate measures of peak oxygen consumption (via cycle ergometer) and percent body fat (via dual X-ray absorptiometer). The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) assessed self-concept in 11 domains (e.g., health, endurance, appearance). Pearson’s correlations showed that vigorous physical activity was positively associated with scores on most of the PSDQ scales (p < .005). Peak oxygen consumption was positively related to all of the selfconcept domains (p < .001), and percent body fat was negatively related on most of the PSDQ scales (p < .005). Multiple-regression analyses found that physical fitness (i.e., peak oxygen consumption and percent body fat) was more closely related to physical self-concept than was physical activity. In addition to the possibility that genetically determined fitness levels may influence physical selfconcept, these findings suggest that programs designed to elevate self-perceptions may require physical activity levels sufficient to improve cardiovascular fitness and decrease body fat.

Abstract MP028: Physical Activity Relates to Lower Visceral Adiposity in Children and Adolescents

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E Staiano ◽  
Stephanie T Broyles ◽  
Alok K Gupta ◽  
Peter T Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Fat Percent

Introduction: Expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) associates with adverse metabolic changes. While regular moderate-to-vigorous activity is associated with lower total body fat in children and adolescents, it is unknown how physical activity relates to other adiposity indices, including VAT. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that regular physical activity in children and adolescents associates with lower body fat, percent body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and VAT. Methods: The sample included 393 boys and girls aged 5–18 years (45.6% White, 50.6% African American, and 3.8% Other). Body fat and percent body fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Abdominal SAT and VAT mass were measured by magnetic resonance imaging between the highest point of the liver and the lower pole of the right kidney (using 5 to 8 cross-sectional slices, 4.76 cm apart). Participants were categorized as being regularly active by self-report: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of ≥ 60 minutes/day, ≥ 4 days/week. Those who were physically active fewer than 4 days/week were categorized as not regularly active. Results: In this sample of children and adolescents, 45.6% of participants were regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age and sex demonstrated that regularly active youth had significantly less body fat (p<0.01) and lower percent body fat (p<0.01) than those who were not regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age, gender, and body fat, revealed that regularly active children and adolescents had no difference in SAT but had significantly lower amounts of VAT (p<0.05) when compared to those who were not regularly active. Conclusion: Engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 60 minutes on four or more days of the week in children and adolescents was related to lower body fat, percent body fat and VAT, when compared to those youth who were less active. The promotion of regular physical activity has significant public health implications for body fat accumulation and for controlling excess VAT during childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Relationship between Smartphone Use Time, Sitting Time, and Fitness Level in University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Jun-Il Yoo ◽  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Kyung-Wan Baek ◽  
Min-Ho Kim ◽  
Ji-Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Smartphone Use

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of smartphone use time, sitting time, and fitness level in university students.METHODS: The participants of this study were 237 healthy university students (157 males and 80 females) enrolled from 2017 to 2018. The smartphone use time was divided into three groups: 0-4, ≥4-10, and ≥10 hours, as was the sitting time: 0-4, 4-7, and ≥7 hours. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the smartphone use time and sitting time for having low levels of fitness.RESULTS: There were linear decreases in physical fitness levels across incremental smartphone use time and sitting time. Compared to the smartphone use time for 0-4 hours (reference), smartphone use time for the ≥4-10 hours (OR=2.498; 95% CI=1.007-6.197; <i>p</i>=.048) or the 10≥group (OR=3.516; 95% CI=1.228-10.064; <i>p</i>=.019) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity and percent body fat. Likewise, logistic regression analyses showed that those who had sitting time for ≥7 hours (OR=3.135; 95% CI=1.155-8.512; <i>p</i>=.025) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, and percent body fat, as compared with those who had sitting time for 0-<4 hours.CONCLUSIONS: The current finding suggest that the smartphone using time and sitting time were associated with having the risk of lower level of physical fitness in university students.

scholarly journals The Impact of Previous Athletic Experience on Current Physical Fitness in Former Collegiate Athletes and Noncollegiate Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Simon ◽  
Carrie L. Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Division I ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Division I Athletes ◽  
Push Up

Background: Physical activity performed at moderate intensity is associated with reduced risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and some types of cancers. However, vigorous physical activity during participation in college athletics may increase the risk of injury, which might limit future physical activity levels. Purpose: To evaluate differences in current physical fitness levels between former Division I athletes and noncollegiate athletes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: The sample was recruited from a large midwestern university alumni database and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes (n = 100; mean age, 53.1 ± 7.4 years) and (2) nonathletes who were active in college (n = 100; age, 51.4 ± 7.3 years). Individuals answered a demographics questionnaire and completed a physical fitness assessment consisting of 7 measures: percent body fat, 1-mile walk, sit-to-stand test, push-up, half sit-up test, sit and reach test, and back scratch test. Results: Performance was significantly worse for former Division I athletes compared with nonathletes for percent body fat (mean difference, 7.58%; F(1, 198) = 59.91; P < 0.01), mile time (mean difference, 2.42 minutes; F(1, 198) = 1.74; P = 0.03), sit-to-stand test (mean difference, 4.3 repetitions; F(1, 198) = 6.59; P = 0.01), and push-up test (mean difference, 8.9 repetitions; F(1, 198) = 7.35; P = 0.01). Conclusion: Former Division I athletes may be limited because of previous injury, inhibiting their ability to stay active later in life. Clinical Relevance: It is imperative that clinicians, coaches, and strength and conditioning specialists understand the possible future repercussions from competing at the Division I level.

scholarly journals Relationship between Smartphone Use Time, Sitting Time, and Fitness Level in University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Jun-Il Yoo ◽  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Kyung-Wan Baek ◽  
Min-Ho Kim ◽  
Ji-Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Smartphone Use

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of smartphone use time, sitting time, and fitness level in university students.METHODS: The participants of this study were 237 healthy university students (157 males and 80 females) enrolled from 2017 to 2018. The smartphone use time was divided into three groups: 0-4, ≥4-10, and ≥10 hours, as was the sitting time: 0-4, 4-7, and ≥7 hours. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the smartphone use time and sitting time for having low levels of fitness.RESULTS: There were linear decreases in physical fitness levels across incremental smartphone use time and sitting time. Compared to the smartphone use time for 0-4 hours (reference), smartphone use time for the ≥4-10 hours (OR=2.498; 95% CI=1.007-6.197; <i>p</i>=.048) or the 10≥group (OR=3.516; 95% CI=1.228-10.064; <i>p</i>=.019) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity and percent body fat. Likewise, logistic regression analyses showed that those who had sitting time for ≥7 hours (OR=3.135; 95% CI=1.155-8.512; <i>p</i>=.025) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, and percent body fat, as compared with those who had sitting time for 0-<4 hours.CONCLUSIONS: The current finding suggest that the smartphone using time and sitting time were associated with having the risk of lower level of physical fitness in university students.

A Reciprocal Effects Model of Children’s Body Fat Self-Concept: Relations With Physical Self-Concept and Physical Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex C. Garn ◽  
Alexandre J.S. Morin ◽  
Jeffrey Martin ◽  
Erin Centeio ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Reciprocal Effects

This study investigated a reciprocal effects model (REM) of children’s body fat self-concept and physical self-concept, and objectively measured school physical activity at different intensities. Grade four students (N = 376; M age = 9.07, SD = .61; 55% boys) from the midwest region of the United States completed measures of physical self-concept and body fat self-concept, and wore accelerometers for three consecutive school days at the beginning and end of one school year. Findings from structural equation modeling analyses did not support reciprocal effects. However, children’s body fat self-concept predicted future physical self-concept and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Multigroup analyses explored the moderating role of weight status, sex, ethnicity, and sex*ethnicity within the REM. Findings supported invariance, suggesting that the observed relations were generalizable for these children across demographic groups. Links between body fat self-concept and future physical self-concept and MVPA highlight self-enhancing effects that can promote children’s health and well-being.

Fitness Levels of Adult Special Olympic Participants

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Pitetti ◽  
James A. Jackson ◽  
Nancy B. Stubbs ◽  
Kathryn D. Campbell ◽  
Saraswathy S. Battar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fitness Levels

Comparative and longitudinal studies were performed to determine the effect of Special Olympic activities on the physical fitness of participants. The comparative study compared cardiovascular fitness, percent body fat, and blood lipid profiles of non-Down, mildly mentally retarded adult Special Olympic participants (SOP) with those of nontraining, nonhandicapped (NTNH) and training nonhandicapped (TNH) adults. The results indicated that SOP displayed lower fitness profiles than TNH. Male SOP demonstrated fitness profiles similar to NTNH while female SOP showed lower cardiovascular fitness levels than both TNH and NTNH. The longitudinal study compared cardiovascular fitness and percent body fat of non-Down, mildly mentally retarded adult SOP before and after 4 to 18 months of Special Olympic activities. This latter study showed no significant change in body weight, percent body fat, or cardiovascular fitness during a time period that averaged over 13 months for each participant. The results indicated that the intensity level of activity for the SOP in this study failed to improve physical fitness.

Adolescent girls’ physical activity, fitness and psychological well-being during a health club physical education approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff McNamee ◽  
Gay L Timken ◽  
Sarah C Coste ◽  
Tanya L Tompkins ◽  
Janet Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Health Club

This pilot project aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and feasibility of an innovative physical education programme, referred to as a health club (HC) approach, in a high school setting. We measured adolescent girls’ moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), components of health-related physical fitness, and perceptions about themselves and physical activity (PA) during a 14-week programme. The HC approach produced high levels of MVPA. Pre/post physical fitness testing variables included height, weight, body mass index, waist measurement, sit and reach, grip strength, push-ups, sit-ups and a 10-minute walk test. Significant differences were found in participants’ flexibility and cardiovascular fitness at the conclusion of the 14-week programme. Participants reported greater perceived control over their PA, improvements in their physical self-concept across several domains, more positive feelings about appearance and strength and more positive global statements about their physical selves at post-test. The results of this study suggest that the HC approach is a promising approach that deserves further study.

Physical Fitness of Trained Runners with and without Mild Mental Retardation

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia C. Frey ◽  
Jeffrey A. McCubbin ◽  
Steve Hannigan-Downs ◽  
Susan L Kasser ◽  
Steven O. Skaggs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Mild Mental Retardation ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Trained Runners

The purpose of this study was to compare physical fitness levels of trained runners with mild mental retardation (MMR) (7 males and 2 females, age = 28.7 ± 7.4 years, weight = 67.0 ± 11.7 kg) and those without (7 males and 2 females, age = 29.1 ± 7.5, weight = 68.7 ± 8.8 kg). Paired t tests revealed no differences between runners with and without MMR on measures of V̇O2peak (56.3 ± 9.1 vs. 57.7 ± 4.1 ml · kg-1 · min-1), percent body fat (16.6 ± 8.4 vs. 16.6 ± 3.1), and lower back/hamstring flexibility (33.1 ± 10.9 vs. 28.6 ± 10.1 cm). Knee flexion (KF) and extension (KE) strength were significantly greater in runners without MMR compared to those with MMR (KF peak torque = 65.7 ±7.9 vs. 48.7 ± 15.7 ft/lb; KE peak torque = 138.5 ± 17.7 vs. 104.4 ± 29.9 ft/lb). It was concluded that trained runners with MMR can achieve high levels of physical fitness comparable to individuals without MMR.

Correlation of handgrip strength and cardiovascular fitness with percent body fat in Singapore adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindasamy Balasekaran ◽  
Peggy Boey ◽  
Stanley S. Hui ◽  
Visvasuresh V. Govindaswamy ◽  
Yew C. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Percent Body Fat

The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina D. DuBose ◽  
Andrew J. McKune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document