Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Equations Are Inaccurate for Use in Youth Male Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zackary S. Cicone ◽  
Oleg A. Sinelnikov ◽  
Michael R. Esco
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Mean Differences

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences between measured (MHRobt) and predicted (MHRpred) maximal heart rate (MHR) in youth athletes. Methods: In total, 30 male soccer players [14.6 (0.6) y] volunteered to participate in this study. MHRobt was determined via maximal-effort graded exercise test. Age-predicted MHR (MHRpred) was calculated for each participant using equations by Fox, Tanaka, Shargal, and Nikolaidis. Mean differences were compared using Friedman’s 2-way analysis of variance and post hoc pairwise comparisons. Agreement between MHRobt and MHRpred values was calculated using the Bland–Altman method. Results: There were no significant differences between MHRobt and MHRpred from the Fox (P = .777) and Nikolaidis (P = .037) equations. The Tanaka and Shargal equations significantly underestimated MHRobt (P < .001). All 4 equations produced 95% limits of agreement of ±15.0 beats per minute around the constant error. Conclusions: The results show that the Fox and Nikolaidis equations produced the smallest mean difference in predicting MHRobt. However, the wide limits of agreement suggests that none of the equations adequately account for individual variability in MHRobt. Practitioners should avoid applying these equations in youth athletes and utilize a lab or field testing protocol to obtain MHR.

scholarly journals Analysis of Agreement between Expired-Air Carbon Monoxide Monitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Karelitz ◽  
Valerie C. Michael ◽  
Kenneth A. Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Cigarette Dependence ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Expired Air

Introduction: The current study examined the level of agreement in expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) values, focusing especially on those confirming abstinence, between the two most commonly used CO monitors, the Vitalograph BreathCO and the Bedfont piCO+ Smokerlyzer.Methods: Expired-air samples were collected via both monitors from adult dependent smokers (44 M, 34 F) participating in studies using CO values to confirm abstinence durations of: 24 hours, 12 hours, or no abstinence. All met DSM-IV nicotine dependence criteria and had a mean (SD) Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence score of 5.1 (1.8). Paired data collected across multiple visits were analyzed by regression-based Bland–Altman method of Limits of Agreement (LoA).Findings: Analysis indicated a lack of agreement in CO measurement between monitors. Overall, the Bedfont monitor gave mean (±SEM) readings 3.83 (±0.23) ppm higher than the Vitalograph monitor. Mean differences between monitors were larger for those ad lib smoking (5.65 ± 0.38 ppm) than those abstaining 12–24 hours (1.71 ± 0.13 ppm). Yet, there also was not consistent agreement in classification of 24-hour abstinence between monitors.Conclusions: Systematic differences in CO readings demonstrate these two very common monitors may not result in interchangeable values, and reported outcomes in smoking research based on CO values may depend on the monitor used.

scholarly journals The slope of the oxygen pulse curve does not depend on the maximal heart rate in elite soccer players

Clinics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Rodrigues Perim ◽  
Gabriel Ruiz Signorelli ◽  
Jonathan Myers ◽  
Ross Arena ◽  
Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Pulse

Maximal Heart Rate Varies Across Laboratory, Field Testing, and Competition Among Collegiate Female Hockey Athletes.

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Zoe R. Ziegler ◽  
Andrew Watson ◽  
Stacey Brickson ◽  
Jennifer Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate

Comparing Maximal Heart Rate of High Level Soccer Players during Official Games and Physical Test

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao C. Dias ◽  
Luciano A. Condessa ◽  
Lucas A.C. F. Mortimer ◽  
Daniel B. Coelho ◽  
Mariella G. Lacerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Evaluation of true maximal oxygen uptake based on a novel set of standardized criteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
Sean Carroll ◽  
David Marchant ◽  
Lars R. McNaughton ◽  
Jason Siegler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Uptake Test ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Individual

In this study, criteria are used to identify whether a subject has elicited maximal oxygen uptake. We evaluated the validity of traditional maximal oxygen uptake criteria and propose a novel set of criteria. Twenty athletes completed a maximal oxygen uptake test, consisting of an incremental phase and a subsequent supramaximal phase to exhaustion (verification phase). Traditional and novel maximal oxygen uptake criteria were evaluated. Novel criteria were: oxygen uptake plateau defined as the difference between modelled and actual maximal oxygen uptake >50% of the regression slope of the individual oxygen uptake–workrate relationship; as in the first criterion, but for maximal verification oxygen uptake; and a difference of ≤4 beats·min–1 between maximal heart rate values in the 2 phases. Satisfying the traditional oxygen uptake plateau criterion was largely an artefact of the between-subject variation in the oxygen uptake–workrate relationship. Secondary criteria, supposedly an indicator of maximal effort, were often satisfied long before volitional exhaustion, even at intensities as low as 61% maximal oxygen uptake. No significant mean differences were observed between the incremental and verification phases for oxygen uptake (t = 0.4; p = 0.7) or heart rate (t = 0.8; p = 0.5). The novel oxygen uptake plateau criterion, maximal oxygen uptake verification criterion, and maximal heart rate verification criterion were satisfied by 17, 18, and 18 subjects, respectively. The small individual absolute differences in oxygen uptake between incremental and verification phases observed in most subjects provided additional confidence that maximal oxygen uptake was elicited. Current maximal oxygen uptake criteria were not valid and novel criteria should be further explored.

scholarly journals Analysis and comparison of intensity in specific soccer training sessions

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Antonacci Condessa ◽  
Christian Emmanuel Torres Cabido ◽  
André Maia Lima ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
Vinicius M. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
High Intensity Zone ◽  
Soccer Training ◽  
And Training

This study compared the exercise intensity of four specific soccer training sessions (friendly and training match, tactical and technical workouts). Ten professional soccer players (24.2 ± 3.7 years, 177.9 ± 7.3 cm, 63.2 ± 4.6 mLO2•kg-1•min-l) were recruited. A treadmill progressive interval test was performed to determine the players' VO2max, maximal heart rate (HRmax), HR-VO2 curve, and the heart rate corresponding to blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol/L. The heart rate during the training sessions was used to estimate the exercise intensity and to classify them into intensity zones (low-intensity: <2 mmol/L; moderate-intensity: between 2 and 4 mmol/L; high-intensity: >4 mmol/L). Exercise intensities were different among training sessions (friendly match: 86.0 ± 5.1% HRmax; training match: 81.2 ± 4.1% HRmax; tactical workout: 70.4 ± 5.3% HRmax; technical workout: 62.1 ± 3.6% HRmax). The friendly match presented the highest percentage of time performed in the high-intensity zone.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of the validity of FFQ targeted to adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garden Tabacchi ◽  
Anna Rita Filippi ◽  
Emanuele Amodio ◽  
Monèm Jemni ◽  
Antonino Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Kappa Agreement

AbstractObjectiveThe present work is aimed at meta-analysing validity studies of FFQ for adolescents, to investigate their overall accuracy and variables that can affect it negatively.DesignA meta-analysis of sixteen original articles was performed within the ASSO Project (Adolescents and Surveillance System in the Obesity prevention).SettingThe articles assessed the validity of FFQ for adolescents, compared with food records or 24 h recalls, with regard to energy and nutrient intakes.SubjectsPearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficients, means/standard deviations, kappa agreement, percentiles and mean differences/limits of agreement (Bland–Altman method) were extracted. Pooled estimates were calculated and heterogeneity tested for correlation coefficients and means/standard deviations. A subgroup analysis assessed variables influencing FFQ accuracy.ResultsAn overall fair/high correlation between FFQ and reference method was found; a good agreement, measured through the intake mean comparison for all nutrients except sugar, carotene and K, was observed. Kappa values showed fair/moderate agreement; an overall good ability to rank adolescents according to energy and nutrient intakes was evidenced by data of percentiles; absolute validity was not confirmed by mean differences/limits of agreement. Interviewer administration mode, consumption interval of the previous year/6 months and high number of food items are major contributors to heterogeneity and thus can reduce FFQ accuracy.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis shows that FFQ are accurate tools for collecting data and could be used for ranking adolescents in terms of energy and nutrient intakes. It suggests how the design and the validation of a new FFQ should be addressed.

scholarly journals Seasonal Training-Load Quantification in Elite English Premier League Soccer Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Malone ◽  
Rocco Di Michele ◽  
Ryland Morgans ◽  
Darren Burgess ◽  
James P. Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
English Premier League

Purpose:To quantify the seasonal training load completed by professional soccer players of the English Premier League.Methods:Thirty players were sampled (using GPS, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) during the daily training sessions of the 2011–12 preseason and in-season period. Preseason data were analyzed across 6 × 1-wk microcycles. In-season data were analyzed across 6 × 6-wk mesocycle blocks and 3 × 1-wk microcycles at start, midpoint, and end-time points. Data were also analyzed with respect to number of days before a match.Results:Typical daily training load (ie, total distance, high-speed distance, percent maximal heart rate [%HRmax], RPE load) did not differ during each week of the preseason phase. However, daily total distance covered was 1304 (95% CI 434–2174) m greater in the 1st mesocycle than in the 6th. %HRmax values were also greater (3.3%, 1.3−5.4%) in the 3rd mesocycle than in the first. Furthermore, training load was lower on the day before match (MD-1) than 2 (MD-2) to 5 (MD-5) d before a match, although no difference was apparent between these latter time points.Conclusions:The authors provide the 1st report of seasonal training load in elite soccer players and observed that periodization of training load was typically confined to MD-1 (regardless of mesocycle), whereas no differences were apparent during MD-2 to MD-5. Future studies should evaluate whether this loading and periodization are facilitative of optimal training adaptations and match-day performance.

Predicting Maximal Lactate Steady State from Carminatti’s Shuttle Run Test in Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorival José Carminatti ◽  
Bruna Nunes Batista ◽  
Juliano Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Artur Ferreira Tramontin ◽  
Vitor Pereira Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Peak Speed ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Shuttle Run

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to determine the validity of Carminatti’s shuttle run incremental test–T-Car derived parameters in estimating the maximal lactate steady state determined in shuttle run format. Eighteen soccer players performed a T-Car test, and several trials to determine the maximal lactate steady state. From T-Car were derived the heart rate deflection point, peak speed, maximal heart rate and parameters resulting from percentage of peak measures. The validity was accessed by Bland-Altman plots, linear regressions, and two one-sided tests of equivalence analysis. The results showed the speed at 80.4% of T-Car peak speed, the heart rate deflection point and the 91.4% of maximal heart rate were equivalent to maximal lactate steady state (Mean difference; ±90% compatibility interval; −0.8; ±1.5%, −0.4; ±1.1%, and 0.0; ±2.7%, respectively). Additionally, peak speed during the T-Car test was a stronger predictor of maximal lactate steady state (MLSS [km/h]=2.57+0.65 × sPeak; r=0.82 [90% CI; 0.62–0.92], standard error of the estimate=3.6%; 90% CI ×/÷1.4). Therefore, soccer players can use the T-Car derived parameters as a noninvasive and practical alternative to estimate the specific maximal lactate steady state for soccer.

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