Physiological Effects of a 13-Week Physical Fitness Program on Down Syndrome Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Fitness Program ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Health Related

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 13-week health-related fitness program on 10 Down syndrome subjects aged 8 to 18. An A-B-A time-series design was used, with data collected every 6 weeks for 43 weeks: The preintervention phase included four data collection points, and the intervention and postintervention phases included two data collection points each. Data obtained included resting heart rate, blood pressure, and results of a step test designed to measure cardiovascular fitness. Analyses of results revealed significant positive changes for resting heart rate (p < .0005), blood pressure (p < .01), and step test (p < .0001). Motivation and the type of program implemented were identified as particular reasons for positive outcomes. It was concluded that participation in regular physical activity may be beneficial for Down syndrome subjects, particularly because poor fitness levels have been closely associated with health risks such as cardiovascular disease.

Population Evaluations of Health Related Fitness From Perceptions of Physical Activity and Fitness

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
Claude Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

The possibility of predicting health related fitness using questions on occupational and leisure activity was explored in 172 men and 178 women. ANOVA and multiple regression equations related questionnaire responses to objective fitness measures including body mass index, circumferences, skinfolds, body fat, blood glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, PWC150, blood pressures, and resting heart rate. Reported occupational activities bore little relationship to health related fitness. Self-perceptions of moderately frequent and moderately intense leisure activity, plus at least average perceived fitness relative to age-matched peers, were associated with a favourable body fat content and lipid profile, whereas indicators of cardiovascular health (a low resting heart rate and a high PWC150) were linked with perceptions of frequent and intense activity, plus a perceived fitness level higher than that of a peer reference group. Based on these findings, a simple scoring of reported activity for use in fitness counseling is suggested. Key words: cardiovascular fitness, leisure activity, metabolic fitness, occupational activity, perceived activity

scholarly journals Comparison of heart rate response and heart rate recovery after step test among smoker and non-smoker athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-11
Author(s):  
Garyfallia Pepera ◽  
Zogka Panagiota
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Athletes Heart

Background: Exercise performance depend on the ability of the cardiovascular system to respond to a wide range of met- abolic demands and physical exertion. Objectives: To investigate the habitual smoking effects in heart rate response and heart rate recovery after step test in ath- letes. Methods: Seventy-eight physically healthy active athletes (45 non-smokers and 33 smokers) aging 27±8years old, participat- ed in this study. All participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and performed the six-minute step test. Cardiovascular parameters such (resting heart rate, peak heart rate, heart rate at 1 min after testing, heart rate re- covery, recovery time, blood pressure at rest, and post-testing blood pressure) were recorded. Results: Smoker-athletes had higher resting heart rate (76 ± 9bpm vs. 72 ± 10bpm, p<0.05), maximum heart rate (154 ± 18bpm vs. 147 ± 17bpm, p<0.05) and recovery time (7min 25sec ± 6min 31sec vs. 4min 21sec ± 4min 30sec, p<0.05) than non-smoker athletes. Scores from the IPAQ were approximately the same (Μ=7927 ± 10303, Μ= 6380 ± 4539, p<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking was found to affect athletes' cardiovascular fitness. The change of the athletes’ heart rate recovery and recovery time contributes to the adaptation of cardiovascular function in training requirements. Keywords: Smoking; athletes; heart rate recovery; heart rate reserve; six-minute step test.

scholarly journals Physiological Effects of Power Fitness Yoga Course in Community University

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Kuei Hui CHAN ◽  
Ya Hsin HSIAO ◽  
Chean Chean HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the power fitness yoga course of Community University intervention on basic physiological parameters, anthropometric parameters as well as muscular and cardiopulmonary fitness. Fifteen females were participated this study. Subjects took a 90-minutes power fitness yoga course once a week for 12 weeks. The resting heart rate, blood pressure, body weight, body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, back strength, sit-up test as well as 3-minutes step test of subjects were tested before and after the course. Paired t-tests were used to compare the variables. The results showed that after 12 weeks of power fitness yoga course, the resting heart rate, diastolic pressure, body fat percentage and waist-to-hip ratio had significant decreased. The cardiopulmonary index of 3-minutes step test was significantly increased. There were no differences on the other variables (p>.05). The results indicate that 12-week power fitness yoga course in Community University can improve the resting heart rate, diastolic pressure, waist- to-hip ratio and body fat percentage as well as promote cardiovascular fitness. 本研究旨在探討社區大學之強力適能瑜珈課程對基礎生理值、體位值、肌肉及心肺適能等生理值的影響。研究以15名女性學員為對象，進行為期12週的研究，研究期間受試者在老師的指導下每週從事一次90分鐘的強力適能瑜珈運動。在實驗前、後均測量受試者之安靜心跳率、血壓、體重、體脂率、腰臀比、身體質量指數、背肌力、1分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐及體力指數，並以相依樣本t考驗比較前、後測各項數值之差異。結果顯示：經過12週的課程後，受試者之安靜心跳率、舒張壓、體脂率與腰臀比均顯著下降，且體力指數有顯著之提升，其他數值則無差異。本研究結果證實社區大學所開設之強力適能瑜珈課程能有效降低安靜心跳率、舒張壓、腰臀比與體脂率，並提升心肺適能。

scholarly journals Blood pressure and resting heart rate in 3-17-year-olds in Germany in 2003–2006 and 2014–2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Sarganas ◽  
Anja Schienkiewitz ◽  
Jonas D. Finger ◽  
Hannelore K. Neuhauser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Selection Rule ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Examination ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Analysis Measurement

AbstractTo track blood pressure (BP) and resting heart rate (RHR) in children and adolescents is important due to its associations with cardiovascular outcomes in the adulthood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine BP and RHR over a decade among children and adolescents living in Germany using national examination data. Cross-sectional data from 3- to 17-year-old national survey participants (KiGGS 2003–06, n = 14,701; KiGGS 2014–17, n = 3509) including standardized oscillometric BP and RHR were used for age- and sex-standardized analysis. Measurement protocols were identical with the exception of the cuff selection rule, which was accounted for in the analyses. Different BP and RHR trends were observed according to age-groups. In 3- to 6-year-olds adjusted mean SBP and DBP were significantly higher in 2014–2017 compared to 2003–2006 (+2.4 and +1.9 mm Hg, respectively), while RHR was statistically significantly lower by −3.8 bpm. No significant changes in BP or in RHR were observed in 7- to 10-year-olds over time. In 11- to 13-year-olds as well as in 14- to 17-year-olds lower BP has been observed (SBP −2.4 and −3.2 mm Hg, respectively, and DBP −1.8 and −1.7 mm Hg), while RHR was significantly higher (+2.7 and +3.7 bpm). BP trends did not parallel RHR trends. The downward BP trend in adolescents seemed to follow decreasing adult BP trends in middle and high-income countries. The increase in BP in younger children needs confirmation from other studies as well as further investigation. In school-aged children and adolescents, the increased RHR trend may indicate decreased physical fitness.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of exercise at workplace in physical fitness: uncontrolled randomized study

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio José Grande ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
Sérgio Alencar Parra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Employee Health ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Treat Analysis

Objective : To investigate the effectiveness of workplace exercise for employee health by means of health-related physical activity components. Methods : A randomized uncontrolled study with 20 workers was carried out during three months to evaluate a workplace exercise program. The selected outcomes were flexibility, body mass, fat percentage, lean mass, blood pressure, and heart rate. For statistical analysis, the paired t test and the intent-to-treat analysis were used. Results : There was a significant increase in weight, fat percentage, blood pressure, and heart rate. However the clinical significance was 10% in the size of the effect. Conclusion : The changes verified in the outcomes analyzed were not significant; the variables are within normality ranges proposed by academic organizations

scholarly journals Predicting maximal oxygen uptake from a 3-minute progressive knee-ups and step test

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10831
Author(s):  
Yu-Chun Chung ◽  
Ching-Yu Huang ◽  
Huey-June Wu ◽  
Nai-Wen Kan ◽  
Chin-Shan Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Health Related

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment is crucial for diagnosing health risks and assessing interventions. Direct measurement of maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2 max) yields more objective and accurate results, but it is practical only in a laboratory setting. We therefore investigated whether a 3-min progressive knee-up and step (3MPKS) test can be used to estimate peak oxygen uptake in these settings. Method The data of 166 healthy adult participants were analyzed. We conducted a V̇O2 max test and a subsequent 3MPKS exercise test, in a balanced order, a week later. In a multivariate regression model, sex; age; relative V̇O2 max; body mass index (BMI); body fat percentage (BF); resting heart rate (HR0); and heart rates at the beginning as well as at the first, second, third, and fourth minutes (denoted by HR0, HR1, HR2, HR3, and HR4, respectively) during a step test were used as predictors. Moreover, R2 and standard error of estimate (SEE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of various body composition models in predicting V̇O2max. Results The predicted and actual V̇O2 max values were significantly correlated (BF% model: R2 = 0.624, SEE = 4.982; BMI model: R2 = 0.567, SEE = 5.153). The BF% model yielded more accurate predictions, and the model predictors were sex, age, BF%, HR0, ΔHR3−HR0, and ΔHR3−HR4. Conclusion In our study, involving Taiwanese adults, we constructed and verified a model to predict V̇O2 max, which indicates cardiorespiratory fitness. This model had the predictors sex, age, body composition, and heart rate changes during a step test. Our 3MPKS test has the potential to be widely used in epidemiological research to measure V̇O2 max and other health-related parameters.

Changes in selected parameters of health and physical fitness following a sixteen-week deployment at sea

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
P W King-Lewis ◽  
A J Allsopp
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Cardiac Recovery ◽  
Test Occasion ◽  
Rate Of Recovery

AbstractThe effects of 16 weeks at sea upon selected parameters of health and physical fitness were investigated in 30 male volunteers (from a total crew of 48 men) prior to, and immediately following deployment. The 30 subjects were assigned toeither an exercise group, ‘Ex’ (n=12), or a non-exercising group, ‘Nil ex ’ (n = 18), according to their reported participation in vigorous training or sports. Body mass index (BMI), calculated from height and weight, revealed that prior to deployment 13 of the 30 subjects (two in the Ex group) had a BMI over 25 kg.m−2 (i. e. overweight), and a further three subjects (all ‘non-exercisers’) had values of 30 kg.m−2 or more (obese). In addition, the diastolic blood pressure of two subjects was in excess of 95 mmHg and five subjects had resting heart rates above 89 beats per minute. Retrospective comparisons between the Ex and Nilex groups revealed a significantly lower percentage body fat (P<0.01) and a faster rate of cardiac recovery (P<0.05) following a standardised bout of exercise in the Ex group, albeit that these individuals were significantly younger (mean age of 24 years) than those in the Nilex group (32 years). Following deployment, in the Nilex group, comparisonof pre- and post values showed that resting heart rate was elevated (P<0.01) on return from sea. Similarly, in the Nilex group heart rate while performing the standardised exercise about was also elevated (P<0.05) on the second test occasion. In the Ex group, heart rate measures during and foJlowing exercise indicated a significantly slower rate of recovery (P<0.05) on the second test occasion.

Conventional and bi-directional genetic evidence on resting heart rate and cardiometabolic traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Wenxiu Wang ◽  
Jingjia Wang ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Traits

Abstract Objectives To examine the direction, strength and causality of the associations of resting heart rate (RHR) with cardiometabolic traits. Methods We assessed the strength of associations between measured RHR and cardiometabolic traits in 506,211 and 372,452 participants from China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and UK Biobank (UKB). Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were used to make causal inferences in 99,228 and 371,508 participants from CKB and UKB, respectively. Results We identified significant, directionally-concordant observational associations between RHR and higher total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, body mass index, waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after the Bonferroni correction. MR analyses showed that 10 beat/min higher genetically-predicted RHR were trans-ethnically associated with a higher DBP (beta 2.059 [95%CI 1.544, 2.574] mmHg in CKB; 2.037 [1.845, 2.229] mmHg in UKB), higher CRP (0.180 [0.057, 0.303] log mg/L in CKB; 0.154 [0.134, 0.174] log mg/L in UKB), higher TG (0.052 [-0.009, 0.113] log mmol/L in CKB; 0.020 [0.010, 0.030] log mmol/L in UKB) and higher WHR (0.218 [-0.033, 0.469] % in CKB; 0.225 [0.111, 0.339] % in UKB). In the opposite direction, higher genetically-predicted SBP, TG, glucose, WHR and lower high-density lipoprotein were associated with elevated RHR. Conclusion Our large-scale analyses provide causal evidence between RHR and cardiometabolic traits, highlighting the importance of monitoring heat rate as a means of alleviating the adverse effect of metabolic disorders.

Reduced parasympathetic control of heart rate in obese dogs

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. H629-H637 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Van Vliet ◽  
J. E. Hall ◽  
H. L. Mizelle ◽  
J. P. Montani ◽  
M. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Parasympathetic Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Affect Heart Rate

We investigated why resting heart rate is elevated in dogs fed a high saturated fat diet for 12.7 +/- 1.8 wk. Obese dogs exhibited elevated body weight (59%), blood pressure (14%), and heart rate (25%). Differences in resting heart rate (control, 58 +/- 5 beats/min; obese, 83 +/- 7 beats/min) were abolished after hexamethonium, indicating an autonomic mechanism. Hexamethonium also reduced blood pressure in obese (20 +/- 4 mmHg) but not control (9 +/- 6 mmHg) animals. Propranolol did not affect heart rate in either group, excluding a beta-adrenergic mechanism. Subsequent administration of atropine increased heart rate more in control than in obese dogs (110 +/- 9 vs. 57 +/- 11 beats/min). The sensitivity of the cardiac limb of the baroreflex (Oxford method) was reduced by 46% in the obese group, confirming impairment of the parasympathetic control of heart rate. The standard deviation of blood pressure measurements was normal when expressed as a percentage of the mean arterial blood pressure (control, 11.2 +/- 0.4%; obese, 11.2 +/- 0.5%). Our results indicate that the development of obesity in dogs fed a high saturated fat diet is accompanied by an attenuated resting and reflex parasympathetic control of heart rate.

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