scholarly journals Bioinspired tough gel sheath for robust and versatile surface functionalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. eabc3012
Author(s):  
Zhenwei Ma ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Qiman Gao ◽  
Guangyu Bao ◽  
Amin Valiei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Monitoring Drug ◽  
Surgical Sutures

Sutures pervade surgeries, but their performance is limited by the mechanical mismatch with tissues and the lack of advanced functionality. Existing modification strategies result in either deterioration of suture’s bulk properties or a weak coating susceptible to rupture or delamination. Inspired by tendon endotenon sheath, we report a versatile strategy to functionalize fiber-based devices such as sutures. This strategy seamlessly unites surgical sutures, tough gel sheath, and various functional materials. Robust modification is demonstrated with strong interfacial adhesion (>2000 J m−2). The surface stiffness, friction, and drag of the suture when interfacing with tissues can be markedly reduced, without compromising the tensile strength. Versatile functionalization of the suture for infection prevention, wound monitoring, drug delivery, and near-infrared imaging is then presented. This platform technology is applicable to other fiber-based devices and foreseen to affect broad technological areas ranging from wound management to smart textiles.

scholarly journals Toward Green Optoelectronics: Environmental-Friendly Colloidal Quantum Dots Photodetectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Miao ◽  
Yuljae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Colloidal Quantum Dots ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted tremendous research interests in future-generation energy, electronic, optoelectronic, and bio-imaging applications due to their fascinating material properties, such as solution processability at room temperature and under ambient conditions, compatibility with various functional materials, and high photostability as well as photosensitivity. Among the various optoelectronic applications of CQDs, optical light sensors, which convert photonic energy into electrical signals, have been of particular interest because they are one of the key building blocks for modern communication and imaging applications, including medical X-ray and near-infrared imaging, visible light cameras, and machine vision. However, CQDs, which have been widely researched for photodetectors (PDs) so far, contain toxic and hazardous heavy metals, namely, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). These substances are extremely toxic and harmful to the environment as well as human beings. Therefore, it is highly desirable to substitute CQDs containing heavy metals with nontoxic and environmentally friendly ones to realize green optoelectronics. In this review article, we introduce various kinds of heavy metal–free CQDs and their PD applications. This article comprehensively includes working mechanisms of PDs, various kinds of nontoxic and environmentally friendly CQD-based PDs, advanced heterojunction PDs, and discussion for future perspectives.

Near-Infrared Imaging Photoplethysmography During Driving

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ewa M. Nowara ◽  
Tim K. Marks ◽  
Hassan Mansour ◽  
Ashok Veeraraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared Imaging

Highly Sensitive Near-Infrared Imaging of Peroxynitrite Fluxes in Inflammation Progress

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 3035-3041
Author(s):  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Pengzhan Wang ◽  
Xinjian Song ◽  
Zhiqiang Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared Imaging ◽  
Highly Sensitive

scholarly journals Mineralogical and chemical properties inversed from 21-lunar-day VNIS observations taken during the Chang’E-4 mission

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghong Zeng ◽  
Shengbo Chen ◽  
Yuanzhi Zhang ◽  
Yongling Mu ◽  
Rui Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Crater ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Impact Melt ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractWe report on the mineralogical and chemical properties of materials investigated by the lunar rover Yutu-2, which landed on the Von Kármán crater in the pre-Nectarian South Pole–Aitken (SPA) basin. Yutu-2 carried several scientific payloads, including the Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer (VNIS), which is used for mineral identification, offering insights into lunar evolution. We used 86 valid VNIS data for 21 lunar days, with mineral abundance obtained using the Hapke radiative transfer model and sparse unmixing algorithm and chemical compositions empirically estimated. The mineralogical properties of the materials at the Chang’E-4 (CE-4) site referred to as norite/gabbro, based on findings of mineral abundance, indicate that they may be SPA impact melt components excavated by a surrounding impact crater. We find that CE-4 materials are dominated by plagioclase and pyroxene and feature little olivine, with 50 of 86 observations showing higher LCP than HCP in pyroxene. In view of the effects of space weathering, olivine content may be underestimated, with FeO and TiO2 content estimated using the maturity-corrected method. Estimates of chemical content are 7.42–18.82 wt% FeO and 1.48–2.1 wt% TiO2, with a low-medium Mg number (Mg # ~ 55). Olivine-rich materials are not present at the CE-4 landing site, based on the low-medium Mg #. Multi-origin materials at the CE-4 landing site were analyzed with regard to concentrations of FeO and TiO2 content, supporting our conclusion that the materials at CE-4 do not have a single source but rather are likely a mixture of SPA impact melt components excavated by surrounding impact crater and volcanic product ejecta.

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