scholarly journals Early Bactericidal Activity of Paromomycin (Aminosidine) in Patients with Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3285-3287 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Donald ◽  
F. A. Sirgel ◽  
T. P. Kanyok ◽  
L. H. Danziger ◽  
A. Venter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT The early bactericidal activity of the aminoglycoside paromomycin (aminosidine) in doses of 7.5 and 15 mg/kg of body weight was measured in 22 patients with previously untreated smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The fall in log10 CFU per milliliter of sputum per day during the first 2 days of treatment for 7 patients receiving a paromomycin dosage of 7.5 mg/kg/day was 0.066, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.216 and confidence limits from −0.134 to 0.266, and that for 15 patients receiving 15 mg/kg/day was 0.0924, with an SD of 0.140 and confidence limits from 0.015 to 0.170. The difference between the mean and zero was not significant for the 7.5-mg/kg dose group but was significant for the 15-mg/kg dose group (t = 2.55, P = 0.023). Since paromomycin has no cross-resistance with streptomycin and has no greater toxicity than other aminoglycosides, these results suggest that it has the potential to substitute for streptomycin in antituberculosis regimens and may be a particularly valuable addition to the drug armamentarium for the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the Central Chest Institute of Thailand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charoen Chuchottaworn ◽  
Vipa Thanachartwet ◽  
Piamlarp Sangsayunh ◽  
Thu Zar Myint Than ◽  
Duangjai Sahassananda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058-1060
Author(s):  
Shamshad Ali ◽  
M Imran Aslam ◽  
Nayyar M Elahi ◽  
Waseem A Khan ◽  
M Saqib Musharaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Aim: To determine the frequency of tuberculosis in the patients of diabetes. Study design: Cross-Sectional Place and duration of study: Department of Pulmonology, Avicenna Medical College, Lahore from 1st March 2020 to 31st August 2020. Methodology: Two hundred patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking proper consent. Patients admitted in outpatient department with diabetic duration greater than 5years. The different variants of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis were measured. Results: There were 120(60%) males and 80(40%) were females with mean age was 51.8±18.22 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 11.5±9.19 years. 60% patients were addicted to gutka and smoking. Active tuberculosis was only found in 30(15%) cases. Pulmonary tuberculosis were 17(56.7%) and the rest 13(43.3%) were extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Eighteen (60%) patients had smear positive and 12(40%) had smear -ve TB. Conclusion: The frequency of tuberculosis in the diabetic patients was high as compared to other population. It can be cure by early diagnosed of disease otherwise multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can become serious health problem among public. Key words: Prevalence, Tuberculosis, Diabetic patient, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Optimal methods of psychological support in patientswith multidrug-­resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and their effect on adherence to treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
N.A. Lytvynenko ◽  
Yu.O. Senko ◽  
L.M. Protsyk ◽  
V.V. Davydenko ◽  
S.P. Korotchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease that negatively affects not only the physical condition of patients, but also the psychological condition of patients. The first thing — the shock of the first diagnosis of tuberculosis for the patient. The second thing — when the patient realizes that he must be treated for an unusually long time. Objective — to learn the impact of providing psychological support for the patients with tuberculosis in a phthisiatric hospital in the form of individual counseling and group classes for patients. Materials and methods. A prospective surgical study was provided to establish the level of knowledge, level of adherence to treatment of patients with tuberculosis and the degree of violation of their psycho-emotional state at the beginning of treatment, and individual counseling and group classes for patients. The study included 335 patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, who received treatment at the clinic of the National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine on short-term and individualized regimens of antimycobacterial therapy in the framework of scientific developments. Patients received questionnaires before treatment and before discharge, counseling on tuberculosis and their psychological state, various group classes. Results and discussion. A comprehensive approach of treatment using different methods of psychological support allowed increasing the level of adherence to treatment by 32% in the group of patients who received a group classes, compared with those patients who didn’t; reduce the level of stigma by 40.5%, halve the severity anxiety disorders. Conclusions. Comprehensive psychological support should be a mandatory component in the treatment of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, which can significantly reduce stigma, improve the psychological state of patients and their adaptation in society.

scholarly journals Adduct Formation of Delamanid with NAD in Mycobacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikayo Hayashi ◽  
Akihito Nishiyama ◽  
Ryuki Kitamoto ◽  
Yoshitaka Tateishi ◽  
Mayuko Osada-Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Binding ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Adduct Formation ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mycolic Acids ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Delamanid (DLM), a nitro-dihydroimidazooxazole derivative currently approved for pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) therapy, is a prodrug activated by mycobacterial 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy 5-deazaflavin electron transfer coenzyme (F420)-dependent nitroreductase (Ddn). Despite inhibiting the biosynthesis of a subclass of mycolic acids, the active DLM metabolite remained unknown. Comparative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of DLM metabolites revealed covalent binding of reduced DLM with a nicotinamide ring of NAD derivatives (oxidized form) in DLM-treated Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. Bacille de Calmette et Guérin. Isoniazid-resistant mutations in the type II NADH dehydrogenase gene (ndh) showed a higher intracellular NADH/NAD ratio and cross-resistance to DLM, which were restored by complementation of the mutants with wild-type ndh. Our data demonstrated for the first time the adduct formation of reduced DLM with NAD in mycobacterial cells and its importance in the action of DLM.

scholarly journals Primary Clofazimine and Bedaquiline Resistance among Isolates from Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Xu ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Minghao Hu ◽  
Fengmin Huo ◽  
Shaochen Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Alamarblue Assay

ABSTRACT Clofazimine has been repurposed for the treatment of tuberculosis, especially for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). To test the susceptibility to clofazimine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates, MICs of clofazimine were determined using the microplate alamarBlue assay (MABA) method for 80 drug-resistant isolates and 10 drug-susceptible isolates for comparison. For five clofazimine-resistant strains isolated from previously treated pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and XDR-TB patients without prior exposure to clofazimine or bedaquiline, clofazimine MICs were ≥1.2 μg/ml. Four isolates with cross-resistance to bedaquiline had Rv0678 mutations. The other isolate with no resistance to bedaquiline had an Rv1979c mutation. This study adds to a recent study showing that 6.3% of MDR-TB patients without prior clofazimine or bedaquiline exposure harbored isolates with Rv0678 mutations, which raises concern that preexisting resistance to these drugs may be associated with prior TB treatment. Furthermore, we propose a tentative breakpoint of 1.2 μg/ml for clofazimine resistance using the MABA method. More-widespread surveillance and individualized testing for clofazimine and bedaquiline resistance, together with assessment of their clinical usage, especially among previously treated and MDR-TB patients, are warranted.

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