scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Rabeprazole, a Novel Proton Pump Inhibitor, and Its Thioether Derivative Alone and in Combination with Other Antimicrobials against Recent Clinical Isolates ofHelicobacter pylori

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kawakami ◽  
Takayuki Akahane ◽  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Kozue Oana ◽  
Yuko Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Rabeprazole Sodium ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT The MICs of rabeprazole sodium (RPZ), a newly developed benzimidazole proton pump inhibitor (PPI), against 133 clinicalHelicobacter pylori strains revealed a higher degree of activity than the another two PPIs, lansoprazole and omeprazole. Time-kill curve assays of RPZ, when combined with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, or metronidazole, disclosed that synergistic effects were demonstrated in combination with each antibiotic examined. Moreover, no apparent antagonistic effect appeared among all of the strains tested.

scholarly journals Effect of mupirocin in Helicobacter pylori in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Masaaki Minami ◽  
Takafumi Ando ◽  
Hidemi Goto ◽  
Michio Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antibiotic Effect ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Post Antibiotic Effect

Mupirocin (MUP) is an effective antibiotic against MRSA. Its bactericidal effect is stable under acid condition. By validating its antibacterial effect of Helicobacter pylori, we try to clarify MUP effect on H. pylori. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of MUP on clarithromycin (CLR) / metronidazole (MNZ) -resistant and -susceptible strains of H. pylori, the time-kill effect of MUP, and the post antibiotic effect (PAE). We investigated the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal effect (MBC) of MUP against 140 H. pylori, which include clinical strains, ATCC43504, 26695 and J99. Ten of them were CLR -resistant strains and 3 were MNZ-resistant strains. The MIC90 and MBC of MUP on all 140 strains is 0.064 μg / ml, and 0.1 μg / ml, respectively. There were no differences of MUP effect between susceptible and resistant strains either for CLR or MNZ. Time-kill curve test and PAE test of MUP on ATCC43504 were performed. By adding MUP, time-kill curve showed that bacterial quantities decreased in dose and time-dependent manner. No viable colony was found after 12-hour culture with 0.1 μg / ml MUP. The value of PAE is 12. MUP is a potential effective antibiotic for H. pylori even those for CLR / MNZ -resistant strains.

scholarly journals A preliminary study of in vitro and in vivo synergistic effects of ciprofloxacin and D-tyrosine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731-1736
Author(s):  
Huirong Li ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Xiaoshuang He ◽  
Mengting Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Zebrafish Infection

Purpose: To investigate the synergistic antimicrobial effects of ciprofloxacin and D-tyrosine against drug-resistant bacteria.Method: The antimicrobial effects of ciprofloxacin and D-tyrosine on clinical isolates of multidrugresistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) no. 3556 were determined in vitro based on time-kill curve, and in vivo in P. aeruginosa-zebrafish infection model. Furthermore, 30 clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa were used in vitro to ascertain the synergistic effect of the two agents.Results: Combined use of ciprofloxacin and D-tyrosine produced synergistic effects against the clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa no. 3556 in vitro and in vivo. Synergism occurred in 96.67 % (95 % CI, range 83.33 - 99.41 %) of the clinical isolates, and ciprofloxacin dose was reduced in 90 % (95 % CI, range 74.38 - 96.54 %) of the clinical isolates in vitro.Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that the combination of ciprofloxacin and D-tyrosine is a promising therapeutic strategy against MDR P. aeruginosa infections. Keywords: Ciprofloxacin, D-tyrosine, Synergistic, P. aeruginosa, Zebrafish infection model, Time-killing curve

scholarly journals Oxygen concentration influences proton pump inhibitor activity against Helicobacter pylori in vitro.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1531-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Midolo ◽  
J D Turnidge ◽  
J R Lambert ◽  
J M Bell
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
H Pylori

Omeprazole and lansoprazole are proton pump inhibitors that have shown activity against Helicobacter pylori and other Helicobacter species when tested by agar dilution. Lansoprazole was more active against H. pylori than was omeprazole, and the activity was independent of urease production. Disk susceptibility tests and agar dilution MIC determinations were performed to investigate the effects of incubation under different sets of atmospheric conditions on H. pylori inhibition. Oxygen concentration was found to influence proton pump inhibitor activity in vitro, with higher concentrations leading to greater susceptibility. The method of testing is important in determining the anti-Helicobacter activity of proton pump inhibitors.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of First and Second-Generation Ceragenins Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berna Ozbek-Celik ◽  
Damla Damar-Celik ◽  
Emel Mataraci-Kara ◽  
Cagla Bozkurt-Guzel ◽  
Paul B. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

Objectives: The ceragenins, or CSAs, were designed to mimic the activities of antimicrobial peptides and represent a new class of antimicrobial agent. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the antimicrobial activities of first/second generation ceragenins and various antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae, including colistin-resistant bacteria. Also, the synergistic effects of two ceragenins with colistin or meropenem were investigated with six K. pneumoniae strains presenting different resistant patterns. Methods: Minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) were determined by the microdilution method according to the CLSI. Antibiotic combination studies were evaluated by the time–kill curve method. Results: MIC50 and MIC90 values of tested ceragenins ranged from 8 to 32 mg/L and 16 to 128 mg/L. Overall, among the ceragenins tested, CSA-131 showed the lowest MIC50 and MIC90 values against all microorganisms. The MICs of the ceragenins were similar or better than tested antibiotics, except for colistin. Synergistic activities of CSA-131 in combination with colistin was found for strains both at 1× MIC and 4× MIC. No antagonism was observed with any combination. Conclusions: First-generation ceragenins CSA-13 and CSA-44 and second-generation ceragenins CSA-131, CSA-138 and CSA-142 have significant antimicrobial effects on MDR K. pneumoniae. Mechanisms allowing resistance to clinical comparator antibiotics like colistin did not impact the activity of ceragenins. These results suggest that ceragenins may play a role in treating infections that are resistant to known antibiotics.

scholarly journals Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Exhibits Synergy with Conventional Antibiotic against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2752
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Dong-Yeul Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Time Kill

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide and has acquired multiple resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. Hence, there is a pressing need to explore novel strategies to overcome the increase in antimicrobial resistance. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of plant-derived antimicrobials, trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) in decreasing MRSA’s resistance to eight conventional antibiotics. A checkerboard dilution test and time–kill curve assay are used to determine the synergistic effects of TCA combined with the antibiotics. The results indicated that TCA increased the antibacterial activity of the antibiotics by 2-16-fold. To study the mechanism of the synergism, we analyzed the mecA transcription gene and the penicillin-binding protein 2a level of MRSA treated with TCA by quantitative RT-PCR or Western blot assay. The gene transcription and the protein level were significantly inhibited. Additionally, it was verified that TCA can significantly inhibit the biofilm, which is highly resistant to antibiotics. The expression of the biofilm regulatory gene hld of MRSA after TCA treatment was also significantly downregulated. These findings suggest that TCA maybe is an exceptionally potent modulator of antibiotics.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of allicin combined with two antibiotics on intestinal Shigella

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchi Jia ◽  
Xiaomei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Combined Use

Abstract Objective We aimed to evaluate the combined antibacterial effects of allicin in combination with levofloxacin and ceftriaxone on Shigella isolated from the intestinal tract in vitro. Materials and Methods Using a checkerboard design, broth microdilution assay was used to test the effects of the compounds on the organism. We also determined the MIC of the two groups of antibacterial drugs against 30 strains of Shigella and calculated the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index, to judge the combination effect. Result After the combined application of allicin and ceftriaxone the MIC decreased significantly. Distribution of the FIC index was as follows: FIC ≤0.5, accounting for 10%; 0.5< FIC ≤1.0, accounting for 60%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 30%; FIC >2, percentage is zero. After combined application of allicin and levofloxacin, distribution of FIC index was as follows: FIC≤0.5, ratio is zero; 0.5< FIC ≤1, accounting for 56.7%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 43.3%; FIC >2, ratio is zero. Conclusion After the combined use of ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and allicin, most of the tests showed synergistic effects and additive effects on Shigella, while some of them showed no correlation and no antagonistic effect.

scholarly journals Canadian Helicobacter Study Group Consensus Conference: Update on the Approach to Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children and Adolescents – an Evidence-Based Evaluation

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola L Jones ◽  
Philip Sherman ◽  
Carlo A Fallone ◽  
Nigel Flook ◽  
Fiona Smaill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
H Pylori

As an update to previously published recommendations for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, an evidence-based appraisal of 14 topics was undertaken in a consensus conference sponsored by the Canadian Helicobacter Study Group. The goal was to update guidelines based on the best available evidence using an established and uniform methodology to address and formulate recommendations for each topic. The degree of consensus for each recommendation is also presented. The clinical issues addressed and recommendations made were: population-based screening for H pylori in asymptomatic children to prevent gastric cancer is not warranted; testing for H pylori in children should be considered if there is a family history of gastric cancer; the goal of diagnostic interventions should be to determine the cause of presenting gastrointestinal symptoms and not the presence of H pylori infection; recurrent abdominal pain of childhood is not an indication to test for H pylori infection; H pylori testing is not required in patients with newly diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease; H pylori testing may be considered before the use of long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy; testing for H pylori infection should be considered in children with refractory iron deficiency anemia when no other cause has been found; when investigation of pediatric patients with persistent or severe upper abdominal symptoms is indicated, upper endoscopy with biopsy is the investigation of choice; the 13C-urea breath test is currently the best noninvasive diagnostic test for H pylori infection in children; there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend stool antigen tests as acceptable diagnostic tools for H pylori infection; serological antibody tests are not recommended as diagnostic tools for H pylori infection in children; first-line therapy for H pylori infection in children is a twice-daily, triple-drug regimen comprised of a proton pump inhibitor plus two antibiotics (clarithromycin plus amoxicillin or metronidazole); the optimal treatment period for H pylori infection in children is 14 days; and H pylori culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing should be made available to monitor population antibiotic resistance and manage treatment failures.

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