scholarly journals Seasonal Methane Oxidation Potential in Manure Crusts

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Nielsen ◽  
Andreas Schramm ◽  
Lars P. Nielsen ◽  
Niels P. Revsbech
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Methane Mitigation ◽  
Manure Storage

ABSTRACTOrganic crusts on liquid manure storage tanks harbor ammonia- and nitrite-resistant methane oxidizers and may significantly reduce methane emissions. Methane oxidation potential (0.6 mol CH4m−2day−1) peaked during fall and winter, after 4 months of crust development. Consequences for methane mitigation potential of crusts are discussed.

scholarly journals Caged Layer Performance in Pens with Oxidation Ditches and Liquid Manure Storage Tanks

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
J.P. Walker ◽  
H.L. Orr ◽  
J. Pos
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Manure Storage

scholarly journals Methane Emissions from Ruminants in Australia: Mitigation Potential and Applicability of Mitigation Strategies

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
John L. Black ◽  
Thomas M. Davison ◽  
Ilona Box
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Methane Mitigation

Anthropomorphic greenhouse gases are raising the temperature of the earth and threatening ecosystems. Since 1950 atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased 28%, while methane has increased 70%. Methane, over the first 20 years after release, has 80-times more warming potential as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Enteric methane from microbial fermentation of plant material by ruminants contributes 30% of methane released into the atmosphere, which is more than any other single source. Numerous strategies were reviewed to quantify their methane mitigation potential, their impact on animal productivity and their likelihood of adoption. The supplements, 3-nitrooxypropanol and the seaweed, Asparagopsis, reduced methane emissions by 40+% and 90%, respectively, with increases in animal productivity and small effects on animal health or product quality. Manipulation of the rumen microbial population can potentially provide intergenerational reduction in methane emissions, if treated animals remain isolated. Genetic selection, vaccination, grape marc, nitrate or biochar reduced methane emissions by 10% or less. Best management practices and cattle browsing legumes, Desmanthus or Leucaena species, result in small levels of methane mitigation and improved animal productivity. Feeding large amounts daily of ground wheat reduced methane emissions by around 35% in dairy cows but was not sustained over time.

scholarly journals Targeting Bacteria and Methanogens To Understand the Role of Residual Slurry as an Inoculant in Stored Liquid Dairy Manure

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemaneh Habtewold ◽  
Robert Gordon ◽  
Vera Sokolov ◽  
Andrew VanderZaag ◽  
Claudia Wagner-Riddle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Methane Flux ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Manure Storage

ABSTRACT Microbial communities in residual slurry left after removal of stored liquid dairy manure have been presumed to increase methane emission during new storage, but these microbes have not been studied. While actual manure storage tanks are filled gradually, pilot- and farm-scale studies on methane emissions from such systems often use a batch approach. In this study, six pilot-scale outdoor storage tanks with (10% and 20%) and without residual slurry were filled (gradually or in batch) with fresh dairy manure, and methane and methanogenic and bacterial communities were studied during 120 days of storage. Regardless of filling type, increased residual slurry levels resulted in higher abundance of methanogens and bacteria after 65 days of storage. However, stronger correlation between methanogen abundance and methane flux was observed in gradually filled tanks. Despite some variations in the diversity of methanogens or bacteria with the presence of residual slurry, core phylotypes were not impacted. In all samples, the phylum Firmicutes predominated (∼57 to 70%) bacteria: >90% were members of Clostridia . Methanocorpusculum dominated (∼57 to 88%) archaeal phylotypes, while Methanosarcina gradually increased with storage time. During peak flux of methane, Methanosarcina was the major player in methane production. The results suggest that increased levels of residual slurry have little impact on the dominant methanogenic or bacterial phylotypes, but large population sizes of these organisms may result in increased methane flux during the initial phases of storage. IMPORTANCE Methane is the major greenhouse gas emitted from stored liquid dairy manure. Residual slurry left after removal of stored manure from tanks has been implicated in increasing methane emissions in new storages, and well-adapted microbial communities in it are the drivers of the increase. Linking methane flux to the abundance, diversity, and activity of microbial communities in stored slurries with different levels of residual slurry can help to improve the mitigation strategy. Mesoscale and lab-scale studies conducted so far on methane flux from manure storage systems used batch-filled tanks, while the actual condition in many farms involves gradual filling. Hence, this study provides important information toward determining levels of residual slurry that result in significant reduction of well-adapted microbial communities prior to storage, thereby reducing methane emissions from manure storage tanks filled under farm conditions.

Effect of dietary fiber on phosphorus distribution in fresh and stored liquid hog manure

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 869-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Huang ◽  
J. Ackerman ◽  
N. Cicek
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Fresh Manure ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Hog Manure ◽  
Manure Storage ◽  
P Distribution ◽  
Total P

Diet manipulation is a promising way for reducing phosphorus (P) content in manure and subsequently in surface water. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of dietary fiber content on P distribution in fresh and stored liquid hog manure. Ten, 25 L liquid manure storage tanks were constructed and operated to simulate farm-based manure storage lagoons. Fifteen pigs were randomly grouped into three pens and the pigs in each pen were fed with a diet of different fiber contents (12%, 16%, and 21%). For 20 weeks, one litre of liquid manure from each pen was fed to each storage tank once a week with 3 replicate storage tanks per diet treatment. The samples of fresh and stored manure, each representing a diet treatment, were analyzed for P distribution along the fractions of dissolved organic, dissolved inorganic, particulate organic, and particulate inorganic. The results showed that fresh manure derived from the high fiber diet contained lower total P concentrations. Of the four fractions of total P, particulate organic P and particulate inorganic P composed 95.3% to 97.5% of total P in the fresh manure. After storage, the dissolved P concentration increased from around 25 ppm to 30–60 ppm. Inorganic P was the main fraction in dissolved P and composed 80% of the dissolved P in stored manure. The dissolved inorganic P, and therefore the total dissolved P were speculated to increase with manure storage time, indicating microbial activity through digestion. It was concluded that a higher fiber diet yielding manure with higher fiber content resulted in enhanced anaerobic degradation during manure storage. This, in return might promote the destruction of organic materials, resulting in the release of P and subsequent formation of inorganic dissolved P.

scholarly journals Methanoculleus spp. as a biomarker of methanogenic activity in swine manure storage tanks

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maialen Barret ◽  
Nathalie Gagnon ◽  
Bruno Morissette ◽  
Edward Topp ◽  
Martin Kalmokoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swine Manure ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Manure Storage

A 3-D model to predict the temperature of liquid manure within storage tanks

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 50-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Rennie ◽  
Hambaliou Baldé ◽  
Robert J. Gordon ◽  
Ward N. Smith ◽  
Andrew C. VanderZaag
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
D Model

UK landfill methane emissions: Use of mobile plume measurements and carbon isotopic characterisation to reassess oxidation rates for open and closed sites 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Bakkaloglu ◽  
Dave Lowry ◽  
Rebecca Fisher ◽  
James France ◽  
Euan Nisbet
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Landfill Cover ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Landfill Sites ◽  
The Impact

<p>Biological methane oxidation in landfill cover material can be characterised using stable isotopes. Methane oxidation fraction is calculated from the carbon isotopic signature of emitted CH<sub>4</sub>, with enhanced microbial consumption of methane in the aerobic portion of the landfill cover indicated by a shift to less depleted isotopic values in the residual methane emitted to air. This study was performed at four southwest England landfill sites. Mobile mole fraction measurement at the four sites was coupled with Flexfoil bag sampling of air for high-precision isotope analysis. Gas well samples collected from the pipeline systems and downwind plume air samples were utilized to estimate methane oxidation rate for whole sites. This work was designed to assess the impact on carbon isotopic signature and oxidation rate as UK landfill practice and waste streams have changed in recent years.</p><p>The landfill status such as closed and active, seasonal variation, cap stripping and site closure impact on landfill isotopic signature and oxidation rate were evaluated. The isotopic signature of <sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> values of emissions varied between -60 and -54‰, with an averaged value of -57 +- 2‰ for methane from closed and active landfill sites. Methane emissions from older, closed landfill sites were typically more enriched in <sup>13</sup>C than emissions from active sites. This study found that the isotopic signature of <sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> of fugitive methane did not show a seasonal trend, and there was no plume observed from a partial cap stripping process to assess changes in <sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>  isotopic signatures of emitted methane. Also, the closure of an active landfill cell caused a significant decrease in mole fraction of measured CH<sub>4</sub>, which was less depleted <sup>13</sup>C in the emitted plume due to a higher oxidation rate. Methane oxidation, estimated from the isotope fractionation, ranged from 3 to 27%, with mean values of 7% and 15% for active and closed landfills, respectively. These results indicate that the oxidation rate is highly site specific.</p><p> </p>

Odour emission rates from manure treatment/storage systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Edeogu ◽  
J. Feddes ◽  
R. Coleman ◽  
J. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
The Third ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Manure Storage ◽  
Odour Concentration

The effects of agitation, liquid-only manure, depth and time on odour emission rates were investigated. Manure storage tanks were filled to incremental depths every two weeks. At each depth odour samples were collected twice. The second sample was collected seven days after the first. Odour concentration was measured with an olfactometer. Three different pig-manure treatments were investigated. In one treatment, slurry manure in a storage tank was agitated before and during odour sampling. In a second treatment, the settlable solids in manure were removed gravimetrically over 24 hours and liquid manure was pumped to a storage tank. In the third treatment (control), odour samples were collected from unseparated and undisturbed slurry manure. Overall, the odour emission rates in the agitated manure treatment ranged between 0.39 and 1.02 ou s−1 m−2, increased with depth and decreased with time, i.e. after seven days at each depth. In the liquid-only manure treatment, the emission rates ranged between 0.09 and 0.69 ou s−1 m−2, increased with depth but the effect of time was not evident. In the control treatment, the emission rates ranged between 0.20 and 0.66 ou s−1 m−2 and increased with depth on the first odour sampling day but decreased with depth on the second sampling day.

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