scholarly journals Reaerosolization of Fluidized Spores in Ventilation Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 2165-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Krauter ◽  
Arthur Biermann
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Initial Pulse ◽  
Bacillus Atrophaeus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indoor Airflow ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Pulsed Flow ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
Turbulent Airflow

ABSTRACT This project examined dry, fluidized spore reaerosolization in a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning duct system. Experiments using spores of Bacillus atrophaeus, a nonpathogenic surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, were conducted to delineate the extent of spore reaerosolization behavior under normal indoor airflow conditions. Short-term (five air-volume exchanges), long-term (up to 21,000 air-volume exchanges), and cycled (on-off) reaerosolization tests were conducted using two common duct materials. Spores were released into the test apparatus in turbulent airflow (Reynolds number, 26,000). After the initial pulse of spores (approximately 1010 to 1011 viable spores) was released, high-efficiency particulate air filters were added to the air intake. Airflow was again used to perturb the spores that had previously deposited onto the duct. Resuspension rates on both steel and plastic duct materials were between 10−3 and 10−5 per second, which decreased to 10 times less than initial rates within 30 min. Pulsed flow caused an initial spike in spore resuspension concentration that rapidly decreased. The resuspension rates were greater than those predicted by resuspension models for contamination in the environment, a result attributed to surface roughness differences. There was no difference between spore reaerosolization from metal and that from plastic duct surfaces over 5 hours of constant airflow. The spores that deposited onto the duct remained a persistent source of contamination over a period of several hours.

scholarly journals Supporting the Absorbent National Rural Development Planning by Scenarios

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Korompai ◽  
Mátyás Szabó ◽  
Erzsébet Nováky
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Long Period

Abstract The practice of Hungarian rural development planning shows the lack of future orientation. The time horizon of planning is short-term, the strategic way of thinking beyond 7–10 years long period is missing or it has great deficiencies. It is not even considering the long-term opportunities. Therefore, the short term plans are not derived from established perspectives, they do not have sufficient grounds. This paper briefly summarises the achievements of a research activity to make an attempt to prove that despite the limitations in understanding and unfolding the future, it is possible to provide useful information for the planning of rural development in 20 – 30 years or even on several more years. This is based on pre-scenarios, highlighting the high efficiency and unexpected weak signals of the driving forces.

scholarly journals First-Arrival Picking for Microseismic Monitoring Based on Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Microseismic Monitoring ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
First Arrival

In microseismic monitoring, achieving an accurate and efficient first-arrival picking is crucial for improving the accuracy and efficiency of microseismic time-difference source location. In the era of big data, the traditional first-arrival picking method cannot meet the real-time processing requirements of microseismic monitoring process. Using the advanced idea of deep learning-based end-to-end classification and the prominent feature extraction advantages of a fully convolution neural network, this paper proposes a first-arrival picking method of effective signals for microseismic monitoring based on UNet++ network, which can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of first-arrival picking. In this paper, we first introduced the methodology of the UNet++-based picking method. And then, the performance of the proposed method is verified by the experiments with finite-difference forward modeling simulated signals and actual microseismic records under different signal-to-noise ratios, and finally, comparative experiments are performed using the U-Net-based first-arrival picking algorithm and the Short-Term Average to Long-Term Average (STA/LTA) algorithm. The results show that compared to the U-Net network, the proposed method can obviously improve the first-arrival picking accuracy of the low signal-to-noise ratio microseismic signals, achieving significantly higher accuracy and efficiency than the STA/LTA algorithm, which is famous for its high efficiency in traditional algorithms.

Evaluation of Short-Term Efficacy and Long-Term Oncologi-Cal Outcomes of Different Paclitaxels Plus Platinum Regi-Mens in the Treatment of Serous Ovarian Cancer—A Real World Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuanyuan liu ◽  
Ren-feng Zhao ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Real World ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy and long-term oncological outcomes of different paclitaxelplus platinum regimens in patients with serous ovarian cancer.Method :This is an observational study.A total of 2835 patients with serous ovarian cancer were collected from January 2009 to June 2015 in Guangxi Province,China.Under the condition of real world research,Objective Remission Rate(ORR) and Adverse Reaction Rate(ARR) of 13 p-aclitaxel plus platinum regimens were compared retrospectively.According to the results of ORRand ARR,three schemes with better short-term curative effect were selected,and the PFS and OS of the three regimens were compared.Result: (1)ARR:Cisplatin-based regimen had the highest incidence of liver and kidney damage,gastrointe-stinal reaction and alopecia;Carboplatin-based regimen had the highest incidence of myelosuppr-ession;Paclitaxel-based regimen had the highest incidence of allergic reaction;Docetaxel+Oxalipl-atin group and Paclitaxel+Cisplatin group had the highest incidence of neurotoxicity,other chem-otherapy regimens was similar.(2)ORR:The ORR of Liposomal-Paclitaxel+Carboplatin group wa-s 88.3%,Docetaxel+Carboplatin group、Paclitaxel+Carboplatin/Cisplatin group and Docetaxel+Lo-baplatin group were similar,higher than 80%;Paclitaxel+Nedaplatin group was the lowest,only 69.7%.According to the results of ORR and ARR,Liposome-Paclitaxel+Carboplatin(Li-Pa/Ca),Docetaxel+Carboplatin(Do/Ca),Paclitaxel+Carboplatin(Pa/Ca) can obtain satisfactory short-term chemotherapy efficacy with low adverse reactions.we included these three egimens into the long-term pr-ognosis study.(3)PFS+OS:The median PFS and OS of Li-Pa/Ca were better than those of Do/Ca,while the 5-year PFS rate and OS rate were on the contrary(PFS:35m vs 28m,18.8% vs 22.0%;OS:55m vs 44m,25.04% vs 31.83%),but the results were not statistically significant.PFS and OS of Pa/Ca were significantly lower than those of Li-Pa/Ca and Do/Ca(PFS:25m,13.67%;OS: 40m,22.82%,P<0.05). Conclusion: Li-Pa/Ca,Do/Ca and Pa/Ca regimens can achieve satisfactory short-term efficacy with low adver-se reactions.In particular,Li-Pa/Ca and Do/Ca have more obvious advantages than Pa/Ca in improving the long-term prognosis of patients.This study provides an important basis and referenc-e for patients with serous ovarian cancer in underdeveloped areas to choose traditional chemot-herapy.Doctors should fully follow the principle of "high efficiency and low toxicity",and give individualized treatment according to the individual differences of patients.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
D.E. Loudy ◽  
J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽  
J.T. Yarrington ◽  
F.Y. Thompson ◽  
J.P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-727
Author(s):  
Beula M. Magimairaj ◽  
Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽  
Alexander V. Sergeev ◽  
Natalie J. Benafield
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

Abstract #283 Diabetes Increases Short-Term but not Long-Term Risk of Fracture: A Community-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Alyssa Dufour ◽  
Setareh Williams ◽  
Richard Weiss ◽  
Elizabeth Samelson
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Risk Of Fracture

Abstract #238: Improved Short Term and Long Term Outcomes of Early Insulin Initiation in Type 2 Diabetes Over 10 Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Jothydev Kesavadev ◽  
Shashank Joshi ◽  
Banshi Saboo ◽  
Hemant Thacker ◽  
Arun Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Initiation ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short Term

Anticoagulation in addition to dual antiplatelet therapy has no impact on long-term follow-up after endovascular treatment of (sub)acute lower limb ischemia

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Mariya Kronlage ◽  
Erwin Blessing ◽  
Oliver J. Müller ◽  
Britta Heilmeier ◽  
Hugo A. Katus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Severe Bleeding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Summary. Background: To assess the impact of short- vs. long-term anticoagulation in addition to standard dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) upon endovascular treatment of (sub)acute thrombembolic occlusions of the lower extremity. Patient and methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 202 patients with a thrombembolic occlusion of lower extremities, followed by crirical limb ischemia that received endovascular treatment including thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, or a combination of both between 2006 and 2015 at a single center. Following antithrombotic regimes were compared: 1) dual antiplatelet therapy, DAPT for 4 weeks (aspirin 100 mg/d and clopidogrel 75 mg/d) upon intervention, followed by a lifelong single antiplatelet therapy; 2) DAPT plus short term anticoagulation for 4 weeks, followed by a lifelong single antiplatelet therapy; 3) DAPT plus long term anticoagulation for > 4 weeks, followed by a lifelong anticoagulation. Results: Endovascular treatment was associated with high immediate revascularization (> 98 %), as well as overall and amputation-free survival rates (> 85 %), independent from the chosen anticoagulation regime in a two-year follow up, p > 0.05. Anticoagulation in addition to standard antiplatelet therapy had no significant effect on patency or freedom from target lesion revascularization (TLR) 24 months upon index procedure for both thrombotic and embolic occlusions. Severe bleeding complications occurred more often in the long-term anticoagulation group (9.3 % vs. 5.6 % (short-term group) and 6.5 % (DAPT group), p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our observational study demonstrates that the choice of an antithrombotic regime had no impact on the long-term follow-up after endovascular treatment of acute thrombembolic limb ischemia whereas prolonged anticoagulation was associated with a nominal increase in severe bleeding complications.

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