scholarly journals Supporting the Absorbent National Rural Development Planning by Scenarios

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Korompai ◽  
Mátyás Szabó ◽  
Erzsébet Nováky
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Long Period

Abstract The practice of Hungarian rural development planning shows the lack of future orientation. The time horizon of planning is short-term, the strategic way of thinking beyond 7–10 years long period is missing or it has great deficiencies. It is not even considering the long-term opportunities. Therefore, the short term plans are not derived from established perspectives, they do not have sufficient grounds. This paper briefly summarises the achievements of a research activity to make an attempt to prove that despite the limitations in understanding and unfolding the future, it is possible to provide useful information for the planning of rural development in 20 – 30 years or even on several more years. This is based on pre-scenarios, highlighting the high efficiency and unexpected weak signals of the driving forces.

Economic and Demographic Developments

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Marzagalli
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
The Political ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
Marxist Interpretation ◽  
The Revolution

The reassessment of the driving forces leading to the French Revolution provoked the rejection of the traditional Marxist interpretation according to which the Revolution was led by an emerging capitalistic bourgeoisie strengthened by long-term industrial and trade growth, and the emergence of interpretations based on political and ideological developments. This chapter argues that demography and economy still offer important keys to understand the origins of the Revolution if they are embedded within a broader analysis, taking social, cultural, and political aspects into account. In stressing the escalation of social tensions provoked by an unequal redistribution of resources, analysis of the demographic and economic developments highlight the background against which the convergence of political and short-term subsistence crises pushed rural and urban masses to revolt in 1789. Without their actions, the political revolution led by a majority of the representatives who met at the Estates-General in 1789 would have been repressed.

scholarly journals Reaerosolization of Fluidized Spores in Ventilation Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 2165-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Krauter ◽  
Arthur Biermann
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Initial Pulse ◽  
Bacillus Atrophaeus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indoor Airflow ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Pulsed Flow ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
Turbulent Airflow

ABSTRACT This project examined dry, fluidized spore reaerosolization in a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning duct system. Experiments using spores of Bacillus atrophaeus, a nonpathogenic surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, were conducted to delineate the extent of spore reaerosolization behavior under normal indoor airflow conditions. Short-term (five air-volume exchanges), long-term (up to 21,000 air-volume exchanges), and cycled (on-off) reaerosolization tests were conducted using two common duct materials. Spores were released into the test apparatus in turbulent airflow (Reynolds number, 26,000). After the initial pulse of spores (approximately 1010 to 1011 viable spores) was released, high-efficiency particulate air filters were added to the air intake. Airflow was again used to perturb the spores that had previously deposited onto the duct. Resuspension rates on both steel and plastic duct materials were between 10−3 and 10−5 per second, which decreased to 10 times less than initial rates within 30 min. Pulsed flow caused an initial spike in spore resuspension concentration that rapidly decreased. The resuspension rates were greater than those predicted by resuspension models for contamination in the environment, a result attributed to surface roughness differences. There was no difference between spore reaerosolization from metal and that from plastic duct surfaces over 5 hours of constant airflow. The spores that deposited onto the duct remained a persistent source of contamination over a period of several hours.

Reliability and reproducibility of a clinical application of a simple technique for repeated circumferential leg measurements

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A te Slaa ◽  
P Mulder ◽  
D Dolmans ◽  
P Castenmiller ◽  
G Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Technique ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Simple Instrument ◽  
Reproducible Method

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and reproducibility of repeated tape measurements to assess the leg circumference during a long period. Methods A tape measure is a simple instrument that is applicable in the presence of oedema. Measurements were performed by four observers on 11 volunteers. Four measurements were done in the first week (short term), a fifth measurement at two weeks (medium term) and a sixth measurement was done at 12 weeks (long term). Results The short-, medium- and long-term intra-class correlation coefficients for repeated measurements were 0.90, 0.89 and 0.78, respectively. The short-term and long-term reproducibility indices equalled 4.4% and 6.5%. If only a single observer would be involved, the short-term intra-class correlation coefficients would improve to 0.94 (reproducibility index 3.3%). Conclusion Tape measurements have been proved to be a reliable and reproducible method to asses the lower limb circumference.

A Study on the Demonstration Experiment of the Solar Hot Water Heater for Dwellings

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 2320-2326
Author(s):  
Dong Jo Yang ◽  
Jae Yeol Kim ◽  
Jae Ho Han
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Demonstration Experiment ◽  
Routine Procedures

The main purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of the solar hot water heater for dwellings in a long period of time. In order to evaluate the performance, there were 11 solar hot water heaters located in Gwangju Chosun University examined for their performance in 30 month period as a long term. The specific monitoring systems of each heater were constructed for the demonstrational research and the data base associated to each monitoring systems were assembled for an extensive analysis for variety of data obtained. The demonstrational experiments were conducted through following the routine procedures of 4 specific tests (the replicated drainage test, the daily drain test, the daily agitation test, the short-term test). The performance evaluation was based on the performances in insulating and solar collecting and the experimental routines and the performance experiments had incorporated the consumers’ use and need of the product. The ultimate goals of this investigation were to achieve consumers’ trust on the products and to promote the extensive distributions of the solar hot water heaters. The demonstrational research of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of the solar hot water heater for the residents for a long period of time. This research will be continued extensively.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH (RPJMD) KOTA PEKANBARU 2012-2017

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexsander Yandra
Keyword(s):  
Development Planning ◽  
City Government ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Process Medium ◽  
The Government

Status: Postprint di Jurnal PUBLIKa Jilid 2 Terbitan April dan Oktober Halaman 48-58The region authority to controlling the development planning contained in a regulations No. 25 of 2014 about the system of development planning. The regulation give an opportunity to the public to become involved in every process of development especially in the long-term process, medium-term although short-term. Medium-term development plan (RPJMD) become the important ones to every region especially Peknbaru city, because this formula was an elaboration of the vision and mission of regional head (Walikota) as well as executives products that directly related to the policies of city government development. As part of the process of formulating the development plan, the discussion of development planning (musrenbang) was the only step where the public get the chance to participate. Through a descriptive qualitative approach by the ethic data analysis and emic, concluded that the public participate in the discussion of development planning RPJMD of Pekanbaru city fully initiated by the government of Pekanbaru city, there was nothing mobilitation from the government to the public in musrenbang because the public voluntary attendance for the invitation, participation from the formal way and group and also there was nothing informal way, so this participation has not been effective because the public were not involved from the start in the formulations of the RPJMD, so that the public still seen as a subject in the development planning.Key word: participation, social changes and development, RPJMD.

Statistical advantages in, and characteristics of, data from long-term research

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fast System ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Time Substitution

Scientifically, long-term research is the best approach for investigating phenomena involving slow, subtle, and long-period cyclic change. The importance of such phenomena is emphasized by recent work in ecological theory which suggests that they have a constraining, controlling influence on other faster ecosystem processes. Four short-term "alternative" approaches (retrospective analysis, fast system analogues, simulation models, and space-for-time substitution) each have drawbacks compared to long-term research in studying these kinds of phenomena. Space-for-time replication, however, could complement long-term research well. Various statistical concerns (missing data, autocorrelation, statistical power, precision, bias, and spurious correlation) are briefly discussed in the context of justification for, and recommendations during the conduct of, long term research. Key words: statistics, long term research, data analysis, statistical power, space-for-time substitution

scholarly journals Long-term field experiment on the impacts of the neonicotinoid dinotefuran and the organophosphate fenitrothion on a honeybee colony

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Yamada ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamada ◽  
Kazuko Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Honeybee Colony ◽  
Term Field

Neonicotinoides are persistent and highly toxic pesticides that have become popular instead of organophosphates, being suspected to be a trigger of massive disappearance of bees that raises concern in the world. The evaluation of the long-term influence for a whole colony in the natural environment is, however, not established yet. In this paper, we conducted a long-term field experiment and found different impacts on honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera) in an apiary between the neonicotinoid dinotefuran and the organophosphate fenitrothion even though whose concentrations in sugar syrup provided for bees were adjusted to have nearly equal short-term effects on a honeybee based on the median lethal dose (LD50) as well as the insecticidal activity to exterminate stinkbugs. The colony with administration of dinotefran (dinotefuran colony) became extinct in 26 days, while the colony with administration of fenitrothion (fenitrothion colony) survived the administration for the same period. Furthermore, the fenitrothion colony succeeded to be alive for more than 293 days after administration, and also succeeded an overwintering, which indicates that colonies exposed to fenitrothion can recover after the exposure. Meanwhile, the dinotefuran colony became extinct even though the intake of dinotefuran was estimated to be comparable with that of fenitrothion in terms of the LD50 of a honeybee. Moreover, the colonies in our previous long-term experiments where dinotefuran with higher concentration were administered only for first few days (Yamada et al., 2012) became extinct in 104 days and 162 days, respectively. From these results, we speculate that colonies exposed to dinotefuran hardly recover from the damage because dinotefuran is much more persistent than fenitrothion and toxic foods stored in cells can affect a colony in a long period.

scholarly journals The CURAT Sonification Game: Gamification for Remote Sonification Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Ziemer ◽  
Holger Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Future Developments

As sonification is supposed to communicate information to users, experimental evaluation of the subjective appropriateness and effectiveness of the sonification design is often desired and sometimes indispensable. Experiments in the laboratory are typically restricted to short-term usage by a small sample size under unnatural conditions. We introduce the multi-platform CURAT Sonification Game that allows us to evaluate our sonification design by a large population during long-term usage. Gamification is used to motivate users to interact with the sonification regularly and conscientiously over a long period of time. In this paper we present the sonification game and some initial analyses of the gathered data. Furthermore, we hope to reach more volunteers to play the CURAT Sonification Game and help us evaluate and optimize our psychoacoustic sonification design and give us valuable feedback on the game and recommendations for future developments.

scholarly journals First-Arrival Picking for Microseismic Monitoring Based on Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Microseismic Monitoring ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
First Arrival

In microseismic monitoring, achieving an accurate and efficient first-arrival picking is crucial for improving the accuracy and efficiency of microseismic time-difference source location. In the era of big data, the traditional first-arrival picking method cannot meet the real-time processing requirements of microseismic monitoring process. Using the advanced idea of deep learning-based end-to-end classification and the prominent feature extraction advantages of a fully convolution neural network, this paper proposes a first-arrival picking method of effective signals for microseismic monitoring based on UNet++ network, which can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of first-arrival picking. In this paper, we first introduced the methodology of the UNet++-based picking method. And then, the performance of the proposed method is verified by the experiments with finite-difference forward modeling simulated signals and actual microseismic records under different signal-to-noise ratios, and finally, comparative experiments are performed using the U-Net-based first-arrival picking algorithm and the Short-Term Average to Long-Term Average (STA/LTA) algorithm. The results show that compared to the U-Net network, the proposed method can obviously improve the first-arrival picking accuracy of the low signal-to-noise ratio microseismic signals, achieving significantly higher accuracy and efficiency than the STA/LTA algorithm, which is famous for its high efficiency in traditional algorithms.

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