Genetic Analysis Reveals the Essential Role of Nitrogen Phosphotransferase System Components in Sinorhizobium fredii CCBAU 45436 Symbioses with Soybean and Pigeonpea Plants
ABSTRACTThe nitrogen phosphotransferase system (PTSNtr) consists of EINtr, NPr, and EIIANtr. The active phosphate moiety derived from phosphoenolpyruvate is transferred through EINtrand NPr to EIIANtr.Sinorhizobium frediican establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with the legume crops soybean (as determinate nodules) and pigeonpea (as indeterminate nodules). In this study,S. frediistrains with mutations inptsPandptsO(encoding EINtrand NPr, respectively) formed ineffective nodules on soybeans, while a strain with aptsNmutation (encoding EIIANtr) was not defective in symbiosis with soybeans. Notable reductions in the numbers of bacteroids within each symbiosome and of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules in bacteroids were observed in nodules infected by theptsPorptsOmutant strains but not in those infected with theptsNmutant strain. However, these defects of theptsPandptsOmutant strains were recovered inptsP ptsNandptsO ptsNdouble-mutant strains, implying a negative role of unphosphorylated EIIANtrin symbiosis. Moreover, the symbiotic defect of theptsPmutant was also recovered by expressing EINtrwith or without the GAF domain, indicating that the putative glutamine-sensing domain GAF is dispensable in symbiotic interactions. The critical role of PTSNtrin symbiosis was also observed when related PTSNtrmutant strains ofS. frediiwere inoculated on pigeonpea plants. Furthermore, nodule occupancy and carbon utilization tests suggested that multiple outputs could be derived from components of PTSNtrin addition to the negative role of unphosphorylated EIIANtr.