scholarly journals Engineering the nifH Promoter Region and Abolishing Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Accumulation in Rhizobium etli Enhance Nitrogen Fixation in Symbiosis with Phaseolus vulgaris

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 3272-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Peralta ◽  
Yolanda Mora ◽  
Emmanuel Salazar ◽  
Sergio Encarnaci�n ◽  
Rafael Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Rhizobium Etli ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT Rhizobium etli, as well as some other rhizobia, presents nitrogenase reductase (nifH) gene reiterations. Several R. etli strains studied in this laboratory showed a unique organization and contained two complete nifHDK operons (copies a and b) and a truncated nifHD operon (copy c). Expression analysis of lacZ fusion demonstrated that copies a and b in strain CFN42 are transcribed at lower levels than copy c, although this copy has no discernible role during nitrogen fixation. To increase nitrogenase production, we constructed a chimeric nifHDK operon regulated by the strong nifHc promoter sequence and expressed it in symbiosis with the common bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris), either cloned on a stably inherited plasmid or incorporated into the symbiotic plasmid (pSym). Compared with the wild-type strain, strains with the nitrogenase overexpression construction assayed in greenhouse experiments had, increased nitrogenase activity (58% on average), increased plant weight (32% on average), increased nitrogen content in plants (15% at 32 days postinoculation), and most importantly, higher seed yield (36% on average), higher nitrogen content (25%), and higher nitrogen yield (72% on average) in seeds. Additionally, expression of the chimeric nifHDK operon in a poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-negative R. etli strain produced an additive effect in enhancing symbiosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of increased seed yield and nutritional content in the common bean obtained by using only the genetic material already present in Rhizobium.

Inheritance of seed yield, maturity and seed weight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under semi-arid rainfed conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
R. M. Ochoa ◽  
F. P. Ibarra ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Common ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SUMMARYTo develop an effective breeding programme for rainfed production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the inheritance of seed yield under such conditions should be understood, preferably considering the effects of environment to account for site or season specificity. Thus, heritability, expected and realized gain from selection, and combining ability were evaluated for a nine-parent diallel of common bean without reciprocals but including parents, at two locations each in Mexico and Colombia, using the F2 and F3 population bulks. Heritability estimated from regressions of F3 on F2 ranged from 0·09 ± 0·18 (S.E.) to 0·75±0·25 for seed yield, from 0·26±009 to 0·34±009 for days to maturity and from0·57±004 to 0·80±004 for 100-seed weight. Expected gain from selection in the F2 was estimated as a percentage of the population mean, selecting the upper 20% of the populations. Expected gain in seed yield ranged from 1·8 to 8·4% in Mexico and from 6·5 to 28·1% in Colombia. Realized gains in seed yield in the F3 were 0·4–7·4% in Mexico and 2·9–15·7% in Colombia. Realized gain values for days to maturity were < 2·2%, and for 100-seed weight > 13·4%. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares (estimated using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1) were significant (P <0·01) and larger than those for specific combining ability (SCA) for all traits at all locations. The parents from the Mexican highlands tended to have a positive GCA effect for yield in Mexico but negative values in Colombia, whereas parents adapted to mid-elevation tropical environments showed the opposite tendency. However, all significant GCA values of breeding line V8025 were positive in both countries.

Effects of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar and rhizobium strain on plant growth, seed yield and nitrogen content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S-J. Park ◽  
P. van Berkum
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Acetylene Reduction Activity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Strain Interaction

The common bean is generally regarded as a relatively inefficient fixer of nitrogen. Information on the relative importance of host cultivar and rhizobium strain would be useful in guiding a breeding program to improve nitrogen fixation in common bean. Seventeen cultivars of common bean (15 of Meso-American and 2 of Andean origin, differing in nodulation potential, maturity, growth habit and market class) were investigated for symbiotic compatibility with 10 genetically diverse strains of bean rhizobia. In a greenhouse (27/22 °C), five sets of 170 pots were replicated over time: three sets were harvested after 30 d for determination of acetylene reduction activity, plant dry weights, and nitrogen content; two replications were grown to maturity for determination of seed dry weight and nitrogen content. There were highly significant effects of both strain and cultivar on most measured characteristics, but there was no interaction between cultivar and strain. Italian Barlotti produced the greatest plant weight after 30 d, but its final seed yield did not differ significantly from that of the highest yielding cv. BAT271. The strain TAL182 was associated with the greatest plant weight at 30 d, but the final seed yield associated with it was less than that of the most productive strain USDA9001. Strain USDA 2667 was characterized as type I by determination of its 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence. The nodules of plants in symbiosis with strains of type IIB had high levels (8.1%) of nitrogen and high levels (227 µmol g−1 h−1) of acetylene reduction activity (ARR). Nodules occupied by strains of type IIA and the type I USDA2667 had intermediate levels of nitrogen (6.9%) and ARR (166 µmol g−1 h−1), while nodules occupied by type 1 strains had low levels of nitrogen (5.2%) and ARR (144 µmol g−1 h−1). Screening of lines, parents and other breeding materials for improved N-fixation may be achieved with any effective strain since no host × strain interaction was detected. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, rhizobium strains, cultivar × strain interaction

scholarly journals TR71 Bölgesinde Fasulye Tarımının Mevcut Durumu, Sorunları ve Çözüm Önerileri

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Çalışkan
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The World ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
The Common

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most widely grown edible legume species in the world. Its acreage is 28.8 million hectares and production is 23.1 million tons. It ranks third among legume crops after chickpea and lentil with acreage of 93.174 hectare and production of 200.000 tons in Turkey. TR71 Region covers the provinces of Kırıkkale, Aksaray, Niğde, Nevşehir and Kırşehir. In this study, current situation of common bean agriculture is discussed. TR71 Region which has 12.6% of cultivation area and 13.8% of production of common bean in Turkey and seed yield is 234 kg da-1 in TR71 region. Niğde which had the first rank in terms of cultivation area and as well as production amount in the common bean, constituted 38.16% of cultivation area and 45.90% production amount. Becoming widespread of common bean cultivation in fallow fields will make great profits to as well as farmers in the region and as well as country's economy in TR71 Region of Turkey which is about 30% of arable land.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of PvNTD2, a Nucleotidase Highly Expressed in Nodules from Phaseolus vulgaris

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Galvez-Valdivieso ◽  
Delgado-Garcia ◽  
Diaz-Baena ◽  
Montaño ◽  
Quiles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Leaf Ontogeny ◽  
Purine Nucleotides ◽  
Haloacid Dehalogenase ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
The Common

Nucleotides are molecules of great importance in plant physiology. In addition to being elementary units of the genetic material, nucleotides are involved in bio-energetic processes, play a role as cofactors, and are also components of secondary metabolites and the hormone cytokinin. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a legume that transports the nitrogen fixed in nodules as ureides, compounds synthetized from purine nucleotides. The first step in this pathway is the removal of the 5’-phosphate group by a phosphatase. In this study, a gene that codes for a putative nucleotidase (PvNTD2) has been identified in P. vulgaris. The predicted peptide contains the conserved domains for haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase superfamily. The protein has been overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified protein showed molybdate-resistant phosphatase activity with nucleoside monophosphates as substrates, confirming that the identified gene codes for a nucleotidase. The optimum pH for the activity was 7–7.5. The recombinant enzyme did not show special affinity for any particular nucleotide, although the behaviour with AMP was different from that with the other nucleotides. The activity was inhibited by adenosine, and a regulatory role for this nucleoside was proposed. The expression pattern of PvNTD2 shows that it is ubiquitously expressed in all the tissues analysed, with higher expression in nodules of adult plants. The expression was maintained during leaf ontogeny, and it was induced during seedling development. Unlike PvNTD1, another NTD previously described in common bean, the high expression of PvNTD2 was maintained during nodule development, and its possible role in this organ is discussed.

scholarly journals The Micro-RNA172c-APETALA2-1 Node as a Key Regulator of the Common Bean-Rhizobium etli Nitrogen Fixation Symbiosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Nova-Franco ◽  
Luis P. Íñiguez ◽  
Oswaldo Valdés-López ◽  
Xochitl Alvarado-Affantranger ◽  
Alfonso Leija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Etli ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Genetic characterization at the species and symbiovar level of indigenous rhizobial isolates nodulating Phaseolus vulgaris in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evdoxia Efstathiadou ◽  
Georgia Ntatsi ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Anastasia P. Tampakaki
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
Rhizobial Species ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Rhizobial Isolates

AbstractPhaseolus vulgaris (L.), commonly known as bean or common bean, is considered a promiscuous legume host since it forms nodules with diverse rhizobial species and symbiovars. Most of the common bean nodulating rhizobia are mainly affiliated to the genus Rhizobium, though strains belonging to Ensifer, Pararhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Burkholderia have also been reported. This is the first report on the characterization of bean-nodulating rhizobia at the species and symbiovar level in Greece. The goals of this research were to isolate and characterize rhizobia nodulating local common bean genotypes grown in five different edaphoclimatic regions of Greece with no rhizobial inoculation history. The genetic diversity of the rhizobial isolates was assessed by BOX-PCR and the phylogenetic affiliation was assessed by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of housekeeping and symbiosis-related genes. A total of fifty fast-growing rhizobial strains were isolated and representative isolates with distinct BOX-PCR fingerpriniting patterns were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The strains were closely related to R. anhuiense, R. azibense, R. hidalgonense, R. sophoriradicis, and to a putative new genospecies which is provisionally named as Rhizobium sp. I. Most strains belonged to symbiovar phaseoli carrying the α-, γ-a and γ-b alleles of nodC gene, while some of them belonged to symbiovar gallicum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that strains assigned to R. sophoriradicis and harbored the γ-b allele were found in European soils. All strains were able to re-nodulate their original host, indicating that they are true microsymbionts of common bean.

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