scholarly journals Comparison of Cultures from Rectoanal-Junction Mucosal Swabs and Feces for Detection of Escherichia coli O157 in Dairy Heifers

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 3766-3770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
Daniel H. Rice ◽  
Haiqing Sheng ◽  
Dale D. Hancock ◽  
Thomas E. Besser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fecal Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Fecal culture for Escherichia coli O157:H7 was compared to rectoanal mucosal swab (RAMS) culture in dairy heifers over a 1-year period. RAMS enrichment culture was as sensitive as fecal culture using immunomagnetic separation (IMS) (P = 0.98, as determined by a chi-square test). RAMS culture is less costly than fecal IMS culture and can yield quantitative data.

Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Retail Meats in Argentina

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1346-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABEL CHINEN ◽  
JOSÉ DANIEL TANARO ◽  
ELIZABETH MILIWEBSKY ◽  
LILIANA HAYDEÉ LOUND ◽  
GERMÁN CHILLEMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Potassium Tellurite ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Retail Meats

Between February and May 2000, 279 meat samples were collected from 136 retail stores in Gualeguaychú City, Argentina. Samples were assayed for Escherichia coli O157:H7 by selective enrichment in modified EC broth containing novobiocin, followed by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and plating onto both sorbitol MacConkey agar supplemented with cefixime and potassium tellurite and a chromogenic medium. Eleven E. coli O157:H7 isolates were detected in 6 (3.8%) of 160 ground beef samples, in 4 (4.8%) of 83 fresh sausages, and in 1 (3.3%) of 30 dry sausages. E. coli O157:H7 was not isolated from five hamburger patties or one barbecue-type fresh sausage assayed. The isolates were tested for virulence-related genes. Ten additional Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O157:H7 isolates of food origin, recovered from different locations in Argentina, were included for comparison purposes. All 21 isolates harbored both eae and EHEC-hlyA genes, and 12 (57.1%) encoded stx2/stx2vh-a. The isolates were of phage types 87 (seven strains), 14 (four strains), 4 (three strains), and 26 (one strain). Six strains were nontypable by phage typing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed 19 XbaI-PFGE profiles. Fifteen (71%) strains were grouped in four clusters, which shared more than 80% of DNA restriction fragments. The enrichment culture method with IMS was a sensitive procedure to detect E. coli O157:H7 strains in retail meats. Some of the isolates from different stores presented a high clonal relatedness, as determined by XbaI-PFGE and phage typing, and harbored the virulence factors associated with human illness.

Longitudinal Study of Escherichia coli O157 Shedding and Super Shedding in Dairy Heifers

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. WILLIAMS ◽  
M. P. WARD ◽  
O. P. DHUNGYEL
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Significant Difference

A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the methods available for detection of Escherichia coli O157 and to investigate the prevalence and occurrence of long-term shedding and super shedding in a cohort of Australian dairy heifers. Samples were obtained at approximately weekly intervals from heifers at pasture under normal management systems. Selective sampling techniques were used with the aim of identifying heifers with a higher probability of shedding or super shedding. Rectoanal mucosal swabs (RAMS) and fecal samples were obtained from each heifer. Direct culture of feces was used for detection and enumeration. Feces and RAMS were tested by enrichment culture. Selected samples were further tested retrospectively by immunomagnetic separation of enriched samples. Of 784 samples obtained, 154 (19.6%) were detected as positive using culture methods. Adjusting for selective sampling, the prevalence was 71 (15.6%) of 454. In total, 66 samples were detected as positive at >102 CFU/g of which 8 were >104 CFU/g and classed as super shedding. A significant difference was observed in detection by enriched culture of RAMS and feces. Dairy heifers within this cohort exhibited variable E. coli O157 shedding, consistent with previous estimates of shedding. Super shedding was detected at a low frequency and inconsistently from individual heifers. All detection methods identified some samples as positive that were not detected by any other method, indicating that the testing methods used will influence survey results.

scholarly journals ESBL Activity, MDR, and Carbapenem Resistance among Predominant Enterobacterales Isolated in 2019

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Altaf Bandy ◽  
Bilal Tantry
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Resistance Rates

Antimicrobial-resistance in Enterobacterales is a serious concern in Saudi Arabia. The present study retrospectively analyzed the antibiograms of Enterobacterales identified from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 from a referral hospital in the Aljouf region of Saudi Arabia. The revised document of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) CR-2015 and Magiorakos et al.’s document were used to define carbapenem resistance and classify resistant bacteria, respectively. The association of carbapenem resistance, MDR, and ESBL with various sociodemographic characteristics was assessed by the chi-square test and odds ratios. In total, 617 Enterobacterales were identified. The predominant (n = 533 (86.4%)) isolates consisted of 232 (37.6%), 200 (32.4%), and 101 (16.4%) Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, respectively. In general, 432 (81.0%) and 128 (24.0%) isolates were of MDR and ESBL, respectively. The MDR strains were recovered in higher frequency from intensive care units (OR = 3.24 (1.78–5.91); p < 0.01). E. coli and K. pneumoniae resistance rates to imipenem (2.55 (1.21–5.37); p < 0.01) and meropenem (2.18 (1.01–4.67); p < 0.04), respectively, were significantly higher in winter. The data emphasize that MDR isolates among Enterobacterales are highly prevalent. The studied Enterobacterales exhibited seasonal variation in antimicrobial resistance rates towards carbapenems and ESBL activity.

Surface and Internalized Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Field-Grown Spinach and Lettuce Treated with Spray-Contaminated Irrigation Water

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARILYN C. ERICKSON ◽  
CATHY C. WEBB ◽  
JUAN CARLOS DIAZ-PEREZ ◽  
SHARAD C. PHATAK ◽  
JOHN J. SILVOY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Contaminated Irrigation Water

Numerous field studies have revealed that irrigation water can contaminate the surface of plants; however, the occurrence of pathogen internalization is unclear. This study was conducted to determine the sites of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination and its survival when the bacteria were applied through spray irrigation water to either field-grown spinach or lettuce. To differentiate internalized and surface populations, leaves were treated with a surface disinfectant wash before the tissue was ground for analysis of E. coli O157:H7 by direct plate count or enrichment culture. Irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 102, 104, or 106 CFU/ml was applied to spinach 48 and 69 days after transplantation of seedlings into fields. E. coli O157:H7 was initially detected after application on the surface of plants dosed at 104 CFU/ml (4 of 20 samples) and both on the surface (17 of 20 samples) and internally (5 of 20 samples) of plants dosed at 106 CFU/ml. Seven days postspraying, all spinach leaves tested negative for surface or internal contamination. In a subsequent study, irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 108 CFU/ml was sprayed onto either the abaxial (lower) or adaxial (upper) side of leaves of field-grown lettuce under sunny or shaded conditions. E. coli O157:H7 was detectable on the leaf surface 27 days postspraying, but survival was higher on leaves sprayed on the abaxial side than on leaves sprayed on the adaxial side. Internalization of E. coli O157:H7 into lettuce leaves also occurred with greater persistence in leaves sprayed on the abaxial side (up to 14 days) than in leaves sprayed on the adaxial side (2 days).

Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef using immunomagnetic separation and multiplex PCR

Food Control ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belgin Sarimehmetoglu ◽  
Mihriban Hatun Aksoy ◽  
Naim Deniz Ayaz ◽  
Yildiz Ayaz ◽  
Ozlem Kuplulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157

Comparison of Rapid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunomagnetic Separation Methods for Detection of Escherichia coli O157 in Fecal, Hide, Carcass, and Ground Beef Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2230-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. THOMPSON ◽  
T. P. STEPHENS ◽  
G. H. LONERAGAN ◽  
M. F. MILLER ◽  
M. M. BRASHEARS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Products

Rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are approved for detection of Escherichia coli O157 in beef products. However, these kits have also been used in the industry to detect this pathogen on hides or in feces of cattle, although this use has not been validated. The objective of this study was to compare commercially available ELISAs (E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP) with immunomagnetic separation along with selective media to detect E. coli O157 on hides, in feces, and in medium- and low-level-inoculated ground beef and carcasses (simulated by using briskets) samples. Naturally infected hide and fecal samples were subjected to both the immunomagnetic separation method and ELISAs for the detection of E. coli O157. Additionally, E. coli O157 inoculated and noninoculated ground beef and beef briskets were used to simulate meat and carcass samples. When comparing the detection results from the ELISAs (E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP) to the immunomagnetic separation method, poor agreement was observed for fecal samples (kappa = 0.10, 0.02, and 0.03 for E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP, respectively), and fair-to-moderate agreement was observed for hide samples (kappa = 0.30, 0.51, and 0.29 for E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP, respectively). However, there was near-perfect agreement between the immunomagnetic separation method and ELISAs for ground beef (kappa = 1, 1, and 0.80 for E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP, respectively) and brisket (kappa = 1, 1, and 1 for E. coli Now, Reveal, and VIP, respectively) samples. Assuming immunomagnetic separation is the best available method, these data suggest that the ELISAs are not useful in detecting E. coli O157 from hide or fecal samples. However, when ELISAs are used on ground beef and beef brisket samples they can be used with a high degree of confidence.

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