scholarly journals Loss of Flagellum-Based Motility by Listeria monocytogenes Results in Formation of Hyperbiofilms

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (17) ◽  
pp. 6030-6034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsaporn Todhanakasem ◽  
Glenn M. Young
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by the gram-positive, motile, food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes was demonstrated to occur by an ordered series of stages. Biofilm development involves flagellum-based motility, which when blocked decreases initial bacterial surface attachment but subsequently leads to the formation of hyperbiofilms, surface-attached communities reaching high density.

scholarly journals Flagellar Motility Is Critical for Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (12) ◽  
pp. 4418-4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine P. Lemon ◽  
Darren E. Higgins ◽  
Roberto Kolter
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Flagellar Motility ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes attaches to environmental surfaces and forms biofilms that can be a source of food contamination, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms of its biofilm development. We observed that nonmotile mutants were defective in biofilm formation. To investigate how flagella might function during biofilm formation, we compared the wild type with flagellum-minus and paralyzed-flagellum mutants. Both nonmotile mutants were defective in biofilm development, presumably at an early stage, as they were also defective in attachment to glass during the first few hours of surface exposure. This attachment defect could be significantly overcome by providing exogenous movement toward the surface via centrifugation. However, this centrifugation did not restore mature biofilm formation. Our results indicate that it is flagellum-mediated motility that is critical for both initial surface attachment and subsequent biofilm formation. Also, any role for L. monocytogenes flagella as adhesins on abiotic surfaces appears to be either minimal or motility dependent under the conditions we examined.

scholarly journals Topographical biomaterials instruct bacterial surface attachment and the in vivo host-pathogen response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Romero ◽  
Jeni Luckett ◽  
Grazziela Figueredo ◽  
Alessandro M. Carabelli ◽  
Aurélie Carlier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Surface Topographies ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACTThe prevention of biofilm development on the surfaces of implanted medical devices is a global challenge for the healthcare sector. Bio-instructive materials that intrinsically prevent bacterial biofilm formation and drive an appropriate host immune response are required to reduce the burden of healthcare associated infections. Although bacterial surface attachment is sensitive to micro- and nano-surface topographies, its exploitation has been limited by the lack of unbiased high throughput biomaterial screens combined with model-based methods capable of generating correlations and predicting generic responses. Consequently, we sought to fill this knowledge gap by using polymer chips (TopoChips) incorporating 2,176 combinatorially generated micro-topographies. Specific surface topographies exerted a profound impact on bacterial pathogen attachment independent of surface chemistry. A strong correlation between local surface landscape, bacterial attachment and biofilm formation was established using machine learning methods to facilitate analysis of specific surface parameters for predicting attachment. In vitro, lead topographies prevented colonization by motile (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis) and non-motile (Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii) bacterial pathogens. In a murine foreign body infection model, specific anti-attachment topographies were shown to be refractory to P. aeruginosa colonization.

scholarly journals Role of PBPD1 in Stimulation of Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation by Subminimal Inhibitory β-Lactam Concentrations

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 6508-6517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyen T. Nguyen ◽  
Hanjeong Harvey ◽  
Andrew J. Hogan ◽  
Alexandria C. F. Afonso ◽  
Gerard D. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACTDisinfectant-tolerantListeria monocytogenesbiofilms can colonize surfaces that come into contact with food, leading to contamination and, potentially, food-borne illnesses. To better understand the process ofL. monocytogenesbiofilm formation and dispersal, we screened 1,120 off-patent FDA-approved drugs and identified several that modulateListeriabiofilm development. Among the hits were more than 30 β-lactam antibiotics, with effects ranging from inhibiting (≤50%) to stimulating (≥200%) biofilm formation compared to control. Most β-lactams also dispersed a substantial proportion of established biofilms. This phenotype did not necessarily involve killing, as >50% dispersal could be achieved with concentrations as low as 1/20 of the MIC of some cephalosporins. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profiling using a fluorescent penicillin analogue showed similar inhibition patterns for most β-lactams, except that biofilm-stimulatory drugs did not bind PBPD1, a low-molecular-weightd,d-carboxypeptidase. Compared to the wild type, apbpD1mutant had an attenuated biofilm response to stimulatory β-lactams. The cephalosporin-responsive CesRK two-component regulatory system, whose regulon includes PBPs, was not required for the response. The requirement for PBPD1 activity for β-lactam stimulation ofL. monocytogenesbiofilms shows that the specific set of PBPs that are inactivated by a particular drug dictates whether a protective biofilm response is provoked.

Biofilm Formation and Associated Genes in Listeria Monocytogenes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Warke ◽  
V. C. Ingle ◽  
N. V. Kurkure ◽  
P. A. Tembhurne ◽  
Minakshi Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Microtiter Assay

Listeria monocytogenes, an opportunistic food borne pathogen can cause serious infections in immunocompromised individuals. L. monocytogenes is capable of producing biofilm on the surface of food processing lines and instruments.The biofilm transfers contamination to food products and impose risk to public health. In the present study biofilm producing ability of L. monocytogenes isolates were investigated phenotypically and genotypically by microtiter assay and multiplex PCR, respectively. Out of 38 L. monocytogenes isolates 14 were recovered from animal clinical cases, 12 bovine environment and 12 from milk samples. A total of 3 (21.42%) clinical, 2 (16.66%) environment and 3 (25%) milk samples respectively, revealed biofilm production in microtiter assay. Cumulative results showed that 23 (60.52%) out of 38 strains of L. monocytogenes were positive for luxS and flaA gene and 1 (2.63%) was positive only for the flaA gene.

scholarly journals Role of Extracellular DNA during Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2271-2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Harmsen ◽  
Martin Lappann ◽  
Susanne Kn�chel ◽  
S�ren Molin
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Central Component ◽  
High Molecular Weight Dna ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Salmon Sperm Dna

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that is capable of living in harsh environments. It is believed to do this by forming biofilms, which are surface-associated multicellular structures encased in a self-produced matrix. In this paper we show that in L. monocytogenes extracellular DNA (eDNA) may be the only central component of the biofilm matrix and that it is necessary for both initial attachment and early biofilm formation for 41 L. monocytogenes strains that were tested. DNase I treatment resulted in dispersal of biofilms, not only in microtiter tray assays but also in flow cell biofilm assays. However, it was also demonstrated that in a culture without eDNA, neither Listeria genomic DNA nor salmon sperm DNA by itself could restore the capacity to adhere. A search for additional necessary components revealed that peptidoglycan (PG), specifically N-acetylglucosamine (NAG), interacted with the DNA in a manner which restored adhesion. If a short DNA fragment (less than approximately 500 bp long) was added to an eDNA-free culture prior to addition of genomic or salmon sperm DNA, adhesion was prevented, indicating that high-molecular-weight DNA is required for adhesion and that the number of attachment sites on the cell surface can be saturated.

scholarly journals Cell Autoaggregation, Biofilm Formation, and Plant Attachment in a Sinorhizobium meliloti lpsB Mutant

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Sorroche ◽  
Pablo Bogino ◽  
Daniela M. Russo ◽  
Angeles Zorreguieta ◽  
Fiorela Nievas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Planktonic Cell ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Defective Mutant ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Biofilm Development

Bacterial surface molecules are crucial for the establishment of a successful rhizobia-legume symbiosis, and, in most bacteria, are also critical for adherence properties, surface colonization, and as a barrier for defense. Rhizobial mutants defective in the production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), or capsular polysaccharides are usually affected in symbiosis with their plant hosts. In the present study, we evaluated the role of the combined effects of LPS and EPS II in cell-to-cell and cell-to-surface interactions in Sinorhizobium meliloti by studying planktonic cell autoaggregation, biofilm formation, and symbiosis with the host plant Medicago sativa. The lpsB mutant, which has a defective core portion of LPS, exhibited a reduction in biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces as well as altered biofilm architecture compared with the wild-type Rm8530 strain. Atomic force microscopy and confocal laser microscopy revealed an increase in polar cell-to-cell interactions in the lpsB mutant, which might account for the biofilm deficiency. However, a certain level of biofilm development was observed in the lpsB strain compared with the EPS II-defective mutant strains. Autoaggregation experiments carried out with LPS and EPS mutant strains showed that both polysaccharides have an impact on the cell-to-cell adhesive interactions of planktonic bacteria. Although the lpsB mutation and the loss of EPS II production strongly stimulated early attachment to alfalfa roots, the number of nodules induced in M. sativa was not increased. Taken together, this work demonstrates that S. meliloti interactions with biotic and abiotic surfaces depend on the interplay between LPS and EPS II.

scholarly journals Polymer Adhesin Domains in Gram-Positive Cell Surface Proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Järvå ◽  
Helmut Hirt ◽  
Gary M. Dunny ◽  
Ronnie P.-A. Berntsson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Protein Domain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Host Cell Interactions

Surface proteins in Gram-positive bacteria are often involved in biofilm formation, host-cell interactions, and surface attachment. Here we review a protein module found in surface proteins that are often encoded on various mobile genetic elements like conjugative plasmids. This module binds to different types of polymers like DNA, lipoteichoic acid and glucans, and is here termed polymer adhesin domain. We analyze all proteins that contain a polymer adhesin domain and classify the proteins into distinct classes based on phylogenetic and protein domain analysis. Protein function and ligand binding show class specificity, information that will be useful in determining the function of the large number of so far uncharacterized proteins containing a polymer adhesin domain.

scholarly journals Type IV Pili and the CcpA Protein Are Needed for Maximal Biofilm Formation by the Gram-Positive Anaerobic Pathogen Clostridium perfringens

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 4944-4951 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Varga ◽  
Blair Therit ◽  
Stephen B. Melville
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Gliding Motility ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Planktonic Growth ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT The predominant organizational state of bacteria in nature is biofilms. Biofilms have been shown to increase bacterial resistance to a variety of stresses. We demonstrate for the first time that the anaerobic gram-positive pathogen Clostridium perfringens forms biofilms. At the same concentration of glucose in the medium, optimal biofilm formation depended on a functional CcpA protein. While the ratio of biofilm to planktonic growth was higher in the wild type than in a ccpA mutant strain in middle to late stages of biofilm development, the bacteria shifted from a predominantly biofilm state to planktonic growth as the concentration of glucose in the medium increased in a CcpA-independent manner. As is the case in some gram-negative bacteria, type IV pilus (TFP)-dependent gliding motility was necessary for efficient biofilm formation, as demonstrated by laser confocal and electron microscopy. However, TFP were not associated with the bacteria in the biofilm but with the extracellular matrix. Biofilms afforded C. perfringens protection from environmental stress, including exposure to atmospheric oxygen for 6 h and 24 h and to 10 mM H2O2 for 5 min. Biofilm cells also showed 5- to 15-fold-increased survival over planktonic cells after exposure to 20 μg/ml (27 times the MIC) of penicillin G for 6 h and 24 h, respectively. These results indicate C. perfringens biofilms play an important role in the persistence of the bacteria in response to environmental stress and that they may be a factor in diseases, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea and gas gangrene, that are caused by C. perfringens.

Effect of Nutrients on Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes on Stainless Steel

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
KWANG Y. KIM ◽  
JOSEPH F. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Amino Acid Concentration ◽  
Computerized Image Analysis ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Biofilm Development

The effect of nutrients on the development of biofilms by Listeria monocytogenes was investigated using semicontinuous culture in a chemically defined minimal medium (modified Welshimer's broth, MWB). Inoculated slides were used for the development of biofilms for 12 days at 21°C under various nutrient conditions. Biofilms were quantified by measuring the percentage of area covered by cells, using computerized image analysis. MWB allowed slow development of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms. Glucose levels between 1 and 20 g/l did not affect biofilm development. A reduction or increase in phosphate level from that occurring in MWB (37.52 g/l) reduced biofilm development. The degree to which biofilms initially developed was associated with amino acid concentration within the range of 0.12 to 6 g/l; however, after 12 days of incubation, the amount of biofilm produced was not affected by amino acid concentration. Replacement of amino acids in MWB with tryptone initially enhanced biofilm development, but the effect was not significant after 12 days of incubation. Of five carbohydrates tested, mannose and trehalose enhanced biofilm development.

EFFECT OF TOPOGRAPHICALLY PATTERNED POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) SURFACES ON Pseudomonas aeruginosa ADHESION AND BIOFILM FORMATION

Nano LIFE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 1242004 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN F. LING ◽  
MARY V. GRAHAM ◽  
NATHANIEL C. CADY
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Static Conditions

Bacterial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, readily form biofilms on surfaces, limiting the efficacy of antimicrobial and antibiotic treatments. To mitigate biofilm formation, surfaces are often treated with antimicrobial agents, which have limited lifetime and efficacy. Recent studies have shown that well-ordered topographic patterns can limit bacterial attachment to surfaces and limit biofilm formation. In this study, nano and microscale patterned poly(dimethylsiloxane) surfaces were evaluated for their ability to affect adhesion and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Feature size and spacing were varied from 500 nm to 2 μm and included repeating arrays of square pillars, holes, lines and biomimetc Sharklet™ patterns. Bacterial surface adhesion and biofilm formation was assessed in microfluidic flow devices and under static conditions. Attachment profiles under static and fluid flow varied within topography types, sizes and spacing. Pillar structures of all sizes yielded lower surface attachment than line-based patterns and arrays of holes. This trend was also observed for biomimetic Sharklet™ patterns, with reduced bacterial attachment to "raised" features as compared to "recessed" features. Notably, none of the topographically patterned surfaces outperformed smooth surfaces (without topography) for resisting cell adhesion. Initial surface attachment patterns were indicative of subsequent biofilm formation and coverage, suggesting a direct role of surface topography in biofilm-based biofouling.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document