Biomarkers that correlate with active pulmonary tuberculosis treatment response: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Zimmer ◽  
Federica Lainati ◽  
Nathaly Aguilera Vasquez ◽  
Carole Chedid ◽  
Sean McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Monitoring ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Monitoring Study

Background Current WHO recommendations for monitoring treatment response in adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are sputum smear microscopy and/or culture conversion at the end of the intensive phase of treatment. These methods either have sub-optimal accuracy or a long turn-around time. There is a need to identify alternative biomarkers to monitor TB treatment response. Methods We conducted a systematic review of active pulmonary TB treatment monitoring biomarkers. We screened 9,739 articles published between January 1 st 2008 and December 31 st 2020, of which 77 met the inclusion criteria. When studies quantitatively reported biomarker levels, we meta-analyzed the average fold change in biomarkers from pre-treatment to week 8 of treatment. We also performed a meta-analysis pooling the fold-change since previous time point collected. Results A total of 81 biomarkers were identified from 77 studies. Overall, these studies exhibited extensive heterogeneity with regard to TB treatment monitoring study design and data reporting. Among the biomarkers identified, CRP, IL-6, IP-10 and TNF-α had sufficient data to analyze fold-changes. All four biomarker levels decreased during the first 8 weeks of treatment relative to baseline and relative to previous time points collected. Conclusion Based on limited data available, CRP, IL-6, IP-10 and TNF-α have been identified as biomarkers that should be further explored in the context of TB treatment monitoring. The extensive heterogeneity in TB treatment monitoring study design and reporting is a major barrier to evaluating the performance of novel biomarkers and tools for this use case. Guidance for designing and reporting treatment monitoring studies are urgently needed.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 genome and antibodies in breastmilk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-321074
Author(s):  
Faith Zhu ◽  
Carlos Zozaya ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Charmaine De Castro ◽  
Prakesh S Shah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Rt Pcr

ObjectiveTo systematically review and meta-analyse the rate of SARS-CoV-2 genome identification and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breastmilk of mothers with COVID-19.DesignA systematic review of studies published between January 2019 and October 2020 without study design or language restrictions.SettingData sourced from Ovid Embase Classic+Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, relevant bibliographies and the John Hopkins University COVID-19 database.PatientsMothers with confirmed COVID-19 and breastmilk tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.Main outcome measuresPresence of SARS-CoV-2 genome and antibodies in breastmilk.ResultsWe included 50 articles. Twelve out of 183 women from 48 studies were positive for SARS-CoV-2 genome in their breastmilk (pooled proportion 5% (95% CI 2% to 15%; I2=48%)). Six infants (50%) of these 12 mothers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with one requiring respiratory support. Sixty-one out of 89 women from 10 studies had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in their breastmilk (pooled proportion 83% (95% CI 32% to 98%; I2=88%)). The predominant antibody detected was IgA.ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 genome presence in breastmilk is uncommon and is associated with mild symptoms in infants. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may be a more common finding. Considering the low proportion of SARS-CoV-2 genome detected in breastmilk and its lower virulence, mothers with COVID-19 should be supported to breastfeed.

scholarly journals Diabetes among tuberculosis patients and its impact on tuberculosis treatment in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanju Gautam ◽  
Nipun Shrestha ◽  
Sweta Mahato ◽  
Tuan P. A. Nguyen ◽  
Shiva Raj Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe escalating burden of diabetes is increasing the risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) and has a pervasive impact on TB treatment outcomes. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the burden of diabetes among TB patients and assess its impact on TB treatment in South Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka). PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and CINAHL databases were systematically searched for observational (cross-sectional, case–control and cohort) studies that reported prevalence of diabetes in TB patients and published between 1 January 1980 and 30 July 2020. A random-effect model for computing the pooled prevalence of diabetes and a fixed-effect model for assessing its impact on TB treatment were used. The review was registered with PROSPERO number CRD42020167896. Of the 3463 identified studies, a total of 74 studies (47 studies from India, 10 from Pakistan, four from Nepal and two from both Bangladesh and Sri-Lanka) were included in this systematic review: 65 studies for the prevalence of diabetes among TB patients and nine studies for the impact of diabetes on TB treatment outcomes. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in TB patients was 21% (95% CI 18.0, 23.0; I2 98.3%), varying from 11% in Bangladesh to 24% in Sri-Lanka. The prevalence was higher in studies having a sample size less than 300 (23%, 95% CI 18.0, 27.0), studies conducted in adults (21%, 95% CI 18.0, 23.0) and countries with high TB burden (21%, 95% CI 19.0, 24.0). Publication bias was detected based on the graphic asymmetry of the funnel plot and Egger’s test (p < 0.001). Compared with non-diabetic TB patients, patients with TB and diabetes were associated with higher odds of mortality (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.7; 95% CI 1.2, 2.51; I2 19.4%) and treatment failure (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1, 2.4; I2 49.6%), but not associated with Multi-drug resistant TB (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.6, 1.7; I2 40.7%). This study found a high burden of diabetes among TB patients in South Asia. Patients with TB-diabetes were at higher risk of treatment failure and mortality compared to TB alone. Screening for diabetes among TB patients along with planning and implementation of preventive and curative strategies for both TB and diabetes are urgently needed.

IMPACT OF NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL TREATMENT ON SERUM TNF-α LEVELS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 101546
Author(s):  
Rafael Paschoal ESTEVES LIMA ◽  
Andressa Rafaela Silva ATANAZIO ◽  
Fernando Oliveira COSTA ◽  
Fabiano Araújo CUNHA ◽  
Lucas Guimarães ABREU
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals Standard VS high dose of rifampicin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Onorato ◽  
Valeria Gentile ◽  
Antonio Russo ◽  
Giovanni Di Caprio ◽  
Loredana Alessio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Dose

Do HLA class II genes protect against pulmonary tuberculosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1567-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oliveira-Cortez ◽  
A. C. Melo ◽  
V. E. Chaves ◽  
A. Condino-Neto ◽  
P. Camargos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii

Systematic Reviews are Rarely Used to Inform Study Design - a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitte Nørgaard ◽  
Eva Draborg ◽  
Jane Andreasen ◽  
Carsten Bogh Juhl ◽  
Jennifer Yost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis

Sputum induction for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1619-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gonzalez-Angulo ◽  
C. S. Wiysonge ◽  
H. Geldenhuys ◽  
W. Hanekom ◽  
H. Mahomed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sputum Induction

scholarly journals Association Between Apical Periodontitis and TNF-α -308 G>A Gene Polymorphism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Guimarães Salles ◽  
Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes ◽  
Patrícia Arriaga Carvalho ◽  
Erika Calvano Küchler ◽  
Leonardo Santos Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Currently, investigations have focused on the identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) involved in host response and its ability to generate an immunity deficiency. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between TNF-α -308 G>A polymorphism and apical periodontitis (AP) phenotypes. A broad search for studies was conducted. The following databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and VHL (Medline, SciELO, Ibecs, and Lilacs). The MeSH terms “Periapical Periodontitis,” “Periapical Abscess,” “Polymorphism, Genetic,” and “Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide” were used. MeSH synonyms, related terms, and free terms were included. Clinical investigations of individuals with different AP phenotypes in permanent teeth were selected. After application of the eligibility criteria, selected studies were qualified by assessing their methodological quality. A fixed effect model was used for the meta-analysis. The initial search identified 71 references. After excluding duplicate abstracts, 33 were selected. From these, two were eligible for quality assessment and were classified as being of moderate evidence. The included studies did not demonstrate association between AP and TNF-α -308 G>A SNP. However, the meta-analysis demonstrated an association between the genotype distribution and AP phenotype (OR= 0.49; confidence interval= 0.25, 0.96; p=0.04). The role of TNF-α -308 G>A SNP in AP phenotypes is debatable. Further studies are needed to confirm and understand the underlying mechanisms of the identified association.

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