scholarly journals Method for evaluating broth culture media: application to Haemophilus

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-524
Author(s):  
A W Brinkley ◽  
T W Huber
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
The Media ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

A method was devised to test the growth-promoting ability of a broth medium. The "dilute to extinction" method determines the inoculum required to develop heavy turbidity in a broth with overnight incubation. A statistical method using Poisson distribution was used to show that a single Haemophilus cell can develop heavy turbidity in an optimal broth. The dilute to extinction method was used to evaluate the shelf life of stored media, to titrate the growth factor requirements of Haemophilus, and to evaluate the use of purified hemin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in a broth medium for the growth of Haemophilus. Of the media tested, the most suitable formulation was Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with 10 microgram of hemin and 10 microgram of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide per ml. The dilute to extinction method appears to be especially useful in the development of broth media for fastidious organisms. The method could also be used to assure the quality of other broth media which are required to support the growth of small inocula in the clinical or research laboratory.

scholarly journals Recording the Presence of Peanibacillus larvae larvae Colonies on MYPGP Substrates Using a Multi-Sensor Array Based on Solid-State Gas Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4917
Author(s):  
Beata Bąk ◽  
Jakub Wilk ◽  
Piotr Artiemjew ◽  
Jerzy Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Baseline Correction ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Sensor Signal ◽  
Sodium Pyruvate ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Regeneration Phase ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

American foulbrood is a dangerous disease of bee broods found worldwide, caused by the Paenibacillus larvae larvae L. bacterium. In an experiment, the possibility of detecting colonies of this bacterium on MYPGP substrates (which contains yeast extract, Mueller-Hinton broth, glucose, K2HPO4, sodium pyruvate, and agar) was tested using a prototype of a multi-sensor recorder of the MCA-8 sensor signal with a matrix of six semiconductors: TGS 823, TGS 826, TGS 832, TGS 2600, TGS 2602, and TGS 2603 from Figaro. Two twin prototypes of the MCA-8 measurement device, M1 and M2, were used in the study. Each prototype was attached to two laboratory test chambers: a wooden one and a polystyrene one. For the experiment, the strain used was P. l. larvae ATCC 9545, ERIC I. On MYPGP medium, often used for laboratory diagnosis of American foulbrood, this bacterium produces small, transparent, smooth, and shiny colonies. Gas samples from over culture media of one- and two-day-old foulbrood P. l. larvae (with no colonies visible to the naked eye) and from over culture media older than 2 days (with visible bacterial colonies) were examined. In addition, the air from empty chambers was tested. The measurement time was 20 min, including a 10-min testing exposure phase and a 10-min sensor regeneration phase. The results were analyzed in two variants: without baseline correction and with baseline correction. We tested 14 classifiers and found that a prototype of a multi-sensor recorder of the MCA-8 sensor signal was capable of detecting colonies of P. l. larvae on MYPGP substrate with a 97% efficiency and could distinguish between MYPGP substrates with 1–2 days of culture, and substrates with older cultures. The efficacy of copies of the prototypes M1 and M2 was shown to differ slightly. The weighted method with Canberra metrics (Canberra.811) and kNN with Canberra and Manhattan metrics (Canberra. 1nn and manhattan.1nn) proved to be the most effective classifiers.

Biochemical markers for pregnancy in the spent culture medium of in vitro produced bovine embryos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Marcella Pecora Milazzotto ◽  
Andrei Antonioni Guedes Fidelis ◽  
Taynan Stonoga Kawamoto ◽  
Ligiane de Oliveira Leme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
The Media

Abstract The present study aimed to identify biomarkers to assess the quality of in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryos in the culture media. IVP embryos on Day (D) 5 of development were transferred to individual drops, where they were maintained for the last 48 h of culture. Thereafter, the medium was collected and the embryos were transferred to the recipients. After pregnancy diagnosis, the media were grouped into the pregnant and nonpregnant groups. The metabolic profiles of the media were analyzed via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the concentrations of pyruvate, lactate, and glutamate were assessed using fluorimetry. The spectrometric profile revealed that the media from embryos from the pregnant group presented a higher signal intensity compared to that of the nonpregnant group; the ions 156.13 Da [M + H]+, 444.33 Da [M + H]+, and 305.97 Da [M + H]+ were identified as biomarkers. Spent culture medium from expanded blastocysts (Bx) that established pregnancy had a greater concentration of pyruvate (p = 0.0174) and lesser concentration of lactate (p = 0.042) than spent culture medium from Bx that did not establish pregnancy. Moreover, pyruvate in the culture media of Bx can predict pregnancy with 90.9% sensitivity and 75% specificity. In conclusion, we identified markers in the culture media that helped in assessing the most viable IVP embryos with a greater potential to establish pregnancy.

scholarly journals Tigecycline MIC Testing by Broth Dilution Requires Use of Fresh Medium or Addition of the Biocatalytic Oxygen-Reducing Reagent Oxyrase To Standardize the Test Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 3903-3909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Peter J. Petersen ◽  
Mairead Young ◽  
C. Hal Jones ◽  
Mark Tischler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Test ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Fresh Medium ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Early Peak ◽  
The Media ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

ABSTRACT Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum glycylcycline antibiotic with activity against not only susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens but also strains that are resistant to many other antibiotics. In the process of determining quality control (QC) limits for the American Type Culture Collection reference strains for tigecycline, a number of inconsistencies in MICs were encountered which appeared to be related to the age of the Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) medium used in the MIC testing. The objective of this study was to determine the cause of the discrepant MIC results between fresh and aged MHB. The MICs of tigecycline were determined in MHB that was either prepared fresh (<12 h old), prepared and stored at 4°C, stored at room temperature, stored anaerobically, or supplemented with the biocatalytic oxygen-reducing reagent Oxyrase. When tested in fresh media, tigecycline was 2 to 3 dilutions more active against the CLSI-recommended QC strains compared to aged media (MICs of 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.12 to 0.5 μg/ml, respectively). Media aged under anaerobic conditions prior to testing or supplemented with Oxyrase resulted in MICs similar to those obtained in fresh medium (MICs of 0.03 to 0.12 and 0.03 to 0.25 μg/ml, respectively). Time-kill kinetics demonstrated a >3 log10 difference in viable growth when tigecycline was tested in fresh or Oxyrase-supplemented MHB compared to aged MHB. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis revealed the accumulation of an early peak (oxidative by-product of tigecycline) to be 3.5% in fresh media and 25.1% in aged media after 24 h and that addition of Oxyrase prevented the accumulation of this oxidized by-product. These results suggested that the activity of tigecycline was affected by the amount of dissolved oxygen in the media. The use of fresh MHB or supplementation with Oxyrase resulted in a more standardized test method for performing MIC tests with tigecycline.

scholarly journals Different culture media containing methyldopa for melanin production by Cryptococcus species

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralciane de Paula Menezes ◽  
Mário Paulo Amante Penatti ◽  
Reginaldo dos Santos Pedroso
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablet ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Cryptococcus Species ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
The Media ◽  
Niger Seed

INTRODUCTION: Melanin production by species of Cryptococcus is widely used to characterize C. neoformans complex in mycology laboratories. This study aims to test the efficacy of methyldopa from pharmaceutical tablet as a substrate for melanin production, to compare the production of melanin using different agar base added with methyldopa, and to compare the melanin produced in those media with that produced in Niger seed agar and sunflower seed agar by C. neoformans, C. laurentii, and C. albidus. Two isolates of each species, C. neoformans, C. laurentii, and C. albidus, and one of Candida albicans were used to experimentally detect conditions for melanin production. METHODS: The following media were tested: Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA), brain and heart infusion agar (BHIA), blood agar base (BAB), and minimal medium agar (MMA), all added with methyldopa, and the media Niger seed agar (NSA) and sunflower seed agar (SSA). RESULTS: All isolates grew in most of the culture media after 24h. Strains planted on media BAB and BHIA showed growth only after 48h. All isolates produced melanin in MMA, MHA, SSA, and NSA media. CONCLUSIONS: Methyldopa in the form pharmaceutical tablet can be used as a substrate for melanin production by Cryptococcus species; minimal medium plus methyldopa was more efficient than the BAB, MHA, and BHIA in the melanin production; and NSA and SSA, followed by MMA added with methyldopa, were more efficient than other media studied for melanin production by all strains studied.

Impediometric Detection of Campylobacter coli

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1660-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN E. MOORE ◽  
ROBERT H. MADDEN
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Impedance Technique ◽  
The Media ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

The rapid automated bacterial impedance technique (RABIT) was examined as a method for the detection of two wild-type isolates of Campylobacter coli in broth media. Both isolates failed to produce a change in impedance that was sufficient for detection in any combination of six nonselective basal broth media, including Mueller-Hinton broth, nutrient broth no. 2, brain heart infusion broth supplemented with yeast extract (0.5% [wt/vol]), brucella broth, Campy broth supplemented with yeast extract (0.5% [wt/vol]), and Whitley impedance broth, at 37 and 42°C. Although the strains did proliferate in the media, changes in conductivity were very small (ranging from 0 to 1,000 μS) and were not significantly greater than the drift in conductance observed in the control broth medium. Additional work is therefore required to define a nonionic growth substrate that will produce charged ions upon metabolism that are detectable by RABIT.

BRAIN-HEART MEDIA FOR BLOOD CULTURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
N. M. Kargaltseva ◽  
V. I. Kocherovets ◽  
A. Yu. Mironov ◽  
O. Yu. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
The Media ◽  
Physical And Chemical

When diagnosing bloodstream infection (BI) the culture medium is the basis for growth of microorganisms and obtaining the blood culture. Pancreatic digest from fish meal is the basis of all culture media in Russia. In European countries brain-heart media (BHM) are used for detecting microorganisms in blood. In Russia BHM is not produced. The aim is to work out the formulation and the way of the BHM (broth and agar) preparation in order to improve the efficiency of obtaining blood culture. There were defined the physical and chemical indices and biological parameters of the BHM. The microbiological control of the BHM was carried out by diagnostic study of cardiological patients’ blood. On the basis of the developed technique of the brain-heart extraction (BHE) preparation there was created the liquid and agar BHM (LBHM, BHA). The LBHM was poured into bottles which then were filled with the inert gas. The bottles were closed with rubber stoppers and rolled in metal caps became a closed system. Microbiological qualities of LBHM were tested on 260 blood samples and thioglycollate medium (TGM) and LBHM. Aerobic microorganisms grew in LBHM 2,4 times more often than in TGM. The microaerophilic microbes grew in LBHM 3,2 times more often than in TGM. Anaerobic microbes did not show any growth in TGM, (p<0,001). Monomicrobes hemocultures were obtained in LBHM 13,4 times more often than in glucose broth and 2,3 times more often than in TGM, (p<0,001). Polymicrobes hemocultures were obtained in LBHM more often than in TGM (7,3% and 1,7%, respectively). The quality of brain-heart agar (BHA) was tested on 300 blood samples in 5% blood meat-pepton agar (MPA) and BHA in aerobic and anaerobic conditions for both the media. Aerobic microorganisms grew in BHA 2 times more often than in MPA. The microaerophilic microbes grew in BHA 3,6 times more often than in MPA. In anaerobic condition in BHA aerobic microorganisms grew 2 times more often than in MPA and the microaerophilic microbes grew 2,5 times more often than in MPA, (p<0,001). Anaerobic microbes did not grow in MPA. When diagnosing bloodstream infection the BHM (liquid and agar) are able to create the optimal conditions for the increase of the wide range pathogen growth.

Induction and reversion of the L-form of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1145-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Lawson ◽  
James T. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Horse Serum ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion Broth ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
The Media

Massive induction of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to the L-form was achieved on L-media consisting of brain heart infusion broth, 1% agar, 10% horse serum, and 100 units per milliliter penicillin. This medium was supplemented with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for stabilization. Frequencies greater than 10% were routinely found with all 11 strains tested. Five of the 11 strains were also transformed to the L-form on L-media supplemented with 10% sucrose but at efficiencies much lower than on PVP L-media. Rare L-colonies (less than 1 in 107 gonococci) of these same five strains were also isolated on unstabilized L-media. No L-forms were ever isolated from the remaining six strains on sucrose or on unstabilized L-media. The penicillin concentration in the media, if above a lethal amount, had little effect on the efficiency of L-phase induction on PVP L-media but was critical for isolation on sucrose L-media. Colonial growth of the L-form was much more rapid and luxuriant on PVP than on sucrose L-media. In addition, subculture by the agar-block technique of L-phase colonies induced on PVP L-media routinely occurred while growth was seldom obtained on subculture from sucrose L-media. Reversion to the gonococcal parent occurred (1) on transfer of growth by the agar-block technique to similar media without penicillin or to Mueller Hinton blood agar, (2) in L-broth into which an agar block containing L-colonies was placed and time allowed for decay of penicillin, (3) on sucrose but not PVP L-media, within the original transformed L-colonies after penicillin decay. Growth in PVP L-broth was achieved. On transfer from broth culture to growth media without penicillin, reversion to the parental gonococci occurred.

Single or Group Culture of Mammalian Embryos: The Verdict of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Reed ◽  
Bryan J. Woodward ◽  
Jason E. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Group Culture ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Media ◽  
To Come ◽  
Embryotrophic Factors

During infertility treatment with IVF, embryos are cultured either in groups or individually. Each approach has potential benefits and detriments, and the purpose of this review is to try to come to a consensus based on the literature as to which approach yields superior results. Group culture of embryos may produce better quality embryos via secretion of embryotrophic factors, while opponents of the approach argue that embryos cultured together may either deplete the media of substrates or negatively affect nearby embryos via the transmission of other secreted factors. In these cases, quantity of embryos, volume of media and proximity and quality of companion embryos are also important factors to consider. While it has long been accepted that group culture is beneficial for embryos from various animal species, emerging data also suggest a similar benefit in the human. Conversely, embryos cultured individually avoid potential substrate depletion, negative impact from factors secreted from companion embryos, while more practically permitting the ability to monitor and track the embryo for identification via morphology or molecular analysis to select and transfer potentially superior embryos. Importantly, advancements in embryo culture platforms now permit tracking of individual embryos, while also offering ability to reap the benefits of group culture. These approaches utilize confined microenvironments immediately surrounding the embryos that may be conducive for periodic sampling/analysis, while also allowing access to a larger media reservoir to avoid substrate depletion. Thus, though questions remain as to optimal embryo density and volume of culture media, group embryo culture in the correct culture platform is likely to be superior to individual embryo culture.

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

ENRICHING MEDIA MERCHANDISE SARANA PENUNJANG PROMOSI STUDI KASUS PADA BOOKSTORE

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-436
Author(s):  
Dewi Immaniar ◽  
Sudaryono Sudaryono ◽  
Ayu Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Visual Media ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Business World ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Types ◽  
The Times ◽  
A Company

Talk about retail business can not be separated from the importance of service to consumers and good quality goods . But at the present time due to intense competition in the business world , the service and quality of goods is not enough to be able to increase revenue and attract customers loyal . This makes companies think hard to survive and stable in the business . One of them is by using a media campaign in this regard more toward print or visual media is indirectly felt the value of their effectiveness in communicating product marketing programs . PT . Times Prima Indonesia is a company engaged in the retail book with the name of the Times bookstores . Based on the analysis of the company’s problems requires additional media types supporting more varied and creatif promotion of existing ones, which will be used as a complement and a media campaign as well as to enrich the data renewal campaign design to capture the interest of consumers in which one form of the media campaign is shaped merchandise . Therefore , do Enriching ( enrich ) media campaign merchandise before it is less varied and has not formed a company image . The methodology used is the analysis, observation and design . Besides the new design has been tested with the implemented test duration for 6 months, and greatly increases the perceived contribution , this is evidenced by the chart sales increasing each month.

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