scholarly journals First IncHI2 Plasmid Carrying mcr-9.1 , bla VIM-1 , and Double Copies of bla KPC-3 in a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Human Isolate

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Simoni ◽  
Marina Mingoia ◽  
Andrea Brenciani ◽  
Maria Carelli ◽  
Maria M. Lleò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Isolate ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Single Plasmid ◽  
Class 1

We report a novel IncHI2 plasmid coharboring bla VIM-1 , two copies of bla KPC-3 and mcr-9.1 resistance genes in a human Escherichia coli of the new serogroup O188. The bla VIM-1 gene was included in a class 1 integron, mcr-9.1 in a cassette bracketed by IS 903 and ΔIS1R, and bla KPC-3 in two copies within a new composite Tn 4401 -like transposon. The emergence of carbapenem and colistin resistance genes in a single plasmid is of great concern for upcoming clinical therapies.

scholarly journals New Sequence Types and Multidrug Resistance among Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Coastal Marine Sediments

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 3916-3922 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vignaroli ◽  
G. M. Luna ◽  
C. Rinaldi ◽  
A. Di Cesare ◽  
R. Danovaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Coastal Marine Sediments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Coastal Marine Sediment ◽  
Multiresistant Strains

ABSTRACTThe spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms is widely recognized, but data about their sources, presence, and significance in marine environments are still limited. We examined 109Escherichia colistrains from coastal marine sediments carrying virulence genes for antibiotic susceptibility, specific resistance genes, prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons, and sequence type. Antibiotic resistance was found in 35% of strains, and multiple resistances were found in 14%; the resistances detected most frequently were against tetracycline (28%), ampicillin (16.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13%), and streptomycin (7%). The highest prevalence of resistant strains was in phylogenetic group A, whereas phylogroup B2 exhibited a significantly lower frequency than all the other groups. Sixty percent of multiresistant strains harbored class 1 or 2 integrase genes, and about 50% carried resistance genes (particularlydfrAandaadA) linked to a class 1 integron. Multilocus sequence typing of 14 selected strains identified eight different types characteristic of extraintestinal pathogens and three new allelic combinations. Our data suggest that coastal marine sediment may be a suitable environment for the survival of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistantE. colistrains capable of contributing to resistance spread via integrons among benthic bacteria, and they highlight a role for these strains in the emergence of new virulent genotypes.

scholarly journals PGI2 Is a Novel SGI1-Relative Multidrug-Resistant Genomic Island Characterized in Proteus mirabilis

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Wei Lei ◽  
Yan-Peng Chen ◽  
Ling-Han Kong ◽  
Jin-Xin Zeng ◽  
Yong-Xiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Complex Class ◽  
Helper Plasmid ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT A novel 61,578-bp genomic island named Proteus genomic island 2 (PGI2) was characterized in Proteus mirabilis of swine origin in China. The 23.85-kb backbone of PGI2 is related to those of Salmonella genomic island 1 and Acinetobacter genomic island 1. The multidrug resistance (MDR) region of PGI2 is a complex class 1 integron containing 14 different resistance genes. PGI2 was conjugally mobilized in trans to Escherichia coli in the presence of a conjugative IncC helper plasmid.

scholarly journals Molecular survey of mcr1 and mcr2 plasmid mediated colistin resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates of animal origin in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Ilbeigi ◽  
Mahdi Askari Badouei ◽  
Hossein Vaezi ◽  
Hassan Zaheri ◽  
Sina Aghasharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract Objectives The emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from human and animal sources is one of the major public health concerns as colistin is the last-resort antibiotic for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. We aimed to determine the prevalence of the prototype widespread colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) among commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from food-producing and companion animals in Iran. Results A total of 607 E. coli isolates which were previously collected from different animal sources between 2008 and 2016 used to uncover the possible presence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) by PCR. Overall, our results could not confirm the presence of any mcr-1 or mcr-2 positive E. coli among the studied isolates. It is concluded that despite the important role of food-producing animals in transferring the antibiotic resistance, they were not the main source for carriage of mcr-1 and mcr-2 in Iran until 2016. This study suggests that the other mcr variants (mcr-3 to mcr-9) might be responsible for conferring colistin resistance in animal isolates in Iran. The possible linkage between pig farming industry and high level of mcr carriage in some countries needs to be clarified in future prospective studies.

scholarly journals Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Strains Isolated in Korea Containing a Multidrug Resistance Class 1 Integron

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2006-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjoo Pai ◽  
Jeong-hum Byeon ◽  
Sunmi Yu ◽  
Bok Kwon Lee ◽  
Shukho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Clonal Spread

ABSTRACT Six strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi which were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin were isolated in Korea. This multidrug resistance was transferred by a conjugative plasmid of about 50 kb. The plasmid harbored a class 1 integron, which included six resistance genes, aacA4b, catB8, aadA1, dfrA1, aac(6′)-IIa, and the novel blaP2, in that order. All of the isolates showed the same-size plasmids and the same ribotyping patterns, which suggests a clonal spread of these multidrug-resistant isolates.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous and Flexible Transmission ofmcr-1in Hospital-AssociatedEscherichia coli

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingbo Shen ◽  
Zuowei Wu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Hong-Wei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACTThe recent emergence of a transferable colistin resistance mechanism, MCR-1, has gained global attention because of its threat to clinical treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, the possible transmission route ofmcr-1amongEnterobacteriaceaespecies in clinical settings is largely unknown. Here, we present a comprehensive genomic analysis ofEscherichia coliisolates collected in a hospital in Hangzhou, China. We found thatmcr-1-carrying isolates from clinical infections and feces of inpatients and healthy volunteers were genetically diverse and were not closely related phylogenetically, suggesting that clonal expansion is not involved in the spread ofmcr-1. Themcr-1gene was found on either chromosomes or plasmids, but in most of theE. coliisolates,mcr-1was carried on plasmids. The genetic context of the plasmids showed considerable diversity as evidenced by the different functional insertion sequence (IS) elements, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, heavy metal resistance determinants, and Rep proteins of broad-host-range plasmids. Additionally, the genomic analysis revealed nosocomial transmission ofmcr-1and the coexistence ofmcr-1with other genes encoding β-lactamases and fluoroquinolone resistance in theE. coliisolates. These findings indicate thatmcr-1is heterogeneously disseminated in both commensal and pathogenic strains ofE. coli, suggest the high flexibility of this gene in its association with diverse genetic backgrounds of the hosts, and provide new insights into the genome epidemiology ofmcr-1among hospital-associatedE. colistrains.IMPORTANCEColistin represents one of the very few available drugs for treating infections caused by extensively multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The recently emergentmcr-1colistin resistance gene threatens the clinical utility of colistin and has gained global attention. Howmcr-1spreads in hospital settings remains unknown and was investigated by whole-genome sequencing ofmcr-1-carryingEscherichia coliin this study. The findings revealed extraordinary flexibility ofmcr-1in its spread among genetically diverseE. colihosts and plasmids, nosocomial transmission ofmcr-1-carryingE. coli, and the continuous emergence of novel Inc types of plasmids carryingmcr-1and newmcr-1variants. Additionally,mcr-1was found to be frequently associated with other genes encoding β-lactams and fluoroquinolone resistance. These findings provide important information on the transmission and epidemiology ofmcr-1and are of significant public health importance as the information is expected to facilitate the control of this significant antibiotic resistance threat.

scholarly journals Diversity and Evolution of AbaR Genomic Resistance Islands in Acinetobacter baumannii Strains of European Clone I

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 3201-3206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Krizova ◽  
Lenie Dijkshoorn ◽  
Alexandr Nemec
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Major Clone ◽  
Derivatives Of

ABSTRACTTo assess the diversity of AbaR genomic resistance islands inAcinetobacter baumanniiEuropean clone I (MLST clonal complex 1), we investigated 26 multidrug-resistant strains of this major clone isolated from hospitals in 21 cities of 10 European countries between 1984 and 2005. Each strain harbored an AbaR structure integrated at the same position in the chromosomal ATPase gene. AbaR3, including four subtypes based on variations in class 1 integron cassettes, and AbaR10 were found in 15 and 2 strains, respectively, whereas a new, unique AbaR variant was discovered in each of the other 9 strains. These new variants, designated AbaR11 to AbaR19 (19.8 kb to 57.5 kb), seem to be truncated derivatives of AbaR3, likely resulting from the deletions of its internal parts mediated by either IS26elements (AbaR12 to AbaR19) or homologous recombination (AbaR11). AbaR3 was detected in all 10 strains isolated in 1984 to 1991, while AbaR11 to AbaR19 were carried only by strains isolated since 1997. Our results and those from previous publications suggest that AbaR3 is the original form of AbaR in European clone I, which may have provided strains of the lineage with a selective advantage facilitating their spread in European hospitals in the 1980s or before.

scholarly journals Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Animals Presenting at a University Veterinary Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (20) ◽  
pp. 7104-7112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Karczmarczyk ◽  
Yvonne Abbott ◽  
Ciara Walsh ◽  
Nola Leonard ◽  
Séamus Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACTIn this study, we examined molecular mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) in a collection ofEscherichia coliisolates recovered from hospitalized animals in Ireland. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify genes associated with resistance. Class 1 integrons were prevalent (94.6%) and contained gene cassettes recognized previously and implicated mainly in resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and trimethoprim (aadA1,dfrA1-aadA1,dfrA17-aadA5,dfrA12-orfF-aadA2,blaOXA-30-aadA1,aacC1-orf1-orf2-aadA1,dfr7). Class 2 integrons (13.5%) contained thedfrA1-sat1-aadA1gene array. The most frequently occurring phenotypes included resistance to ampicillin (97.3%), chloramphenicol (75.4%), florfenicol (40.5%), gentamicin (54%), neomycin (43.2%), streptomycin (97.3%), sulfonamide (98.6%), and tetracycline (100%). The associated resistance determinants detected includedblaTEM,cat,floR,aadB,aphA1,strA-strB,sul2, andtet(B), respectively. TheblaCTX-M-2gene, encoding an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL), andblaCMY-2, encoding an AmpC-like enzyme, were identified in 8 and 18 isolates, respectively. The mobility of the resistance genes was demonstrated using conjugation assays with a representative selection of isolates. High-molecular-weight plasmids were found to be responsible for resistance to multiple antimicrobial compounds. The study demonstrated that animal-associated commensalE. coliisolates possess a diverse repertoire of transferable genetic determinants. Emergence of ESβLs and AmpC-like enzymes is particularly significant. To our knowledge, theblaCTX-M-2gene has not previously been reported in Ireland.

scholarly journals Emergence of Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in Cronobacter sakazakii Producing NDM-9 and in Escherichia coli from the Same Animal

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Tao Liu ◽  
Feng-Jing Song ◽  
Ming Zou ◽  
Zhi-Hui Hao ◽  
Hu Shan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT We report the presence of mcr-1 in Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resistant Cronobacter sakazakii from the same diseased chicken. The mcr-1 gene linked with ISApl1 was located on two different IncI2 plasmids, including one multidrug plasmid in E. coli, whereas fosA3-bla NDM-9 was on an IncB/O plasmid in C. sakazakii. The development of the fosA3-bla NDM-9 resistance region was mediated by IS26. The colocation of mcr-1 or bla NDM-9 with other resistance genes will accelerate the dissemination of the two genes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons among the multidrug resistant uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haddadi Azam ◽  
Somayeh Mikaili Ghezeljeh ◽  
Shavandi Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Integrase Gene ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Multidrug resistance is a serious problem in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Horizontal gene transfer, directed by strong selective pressure of antibiotics, has resulted in the widespread distribution of multiple antibiotic resistance genes. The dissemination of resistance genes is enhanced when they are trapped in integrons. Objectives To determine the prevalence of integrons among multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains collected from regional hospitals and private clinical laboratories in Alborz province. Methods The susceptibility of 111 clinical Escherichia coli isolates was tested using a Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method for common antibiotics. Isolates were screened for the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) using a double disk synergy test. The existence of integrons was confirmed by amplification of the integrase gene and their class determined via analysis of PCR products by PCR-RFLP. Results Isolates showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin. Nitrofurantoin, amikacin, and ceftizoxime were the most effective antibiotics in vitro. Eighty-eight isolates of 111 (79%) were resistant to more than three unrelated drugs. We found 30% of the multidrug resistant isolates harbor integrons. Class 1 and 2 integrons were detected in 25 and 1 isolates, respectively. ESBL screening of strains showed 45 isolates (40%) were positive; 22% of the ESBL-positive isolates carried class 1 integrons and the frequency of MDR in ESBLpositive isolates was 93%. Conclusion The existence of integrons in only 29.5% of multidrug resistant isolates showed that besides integrons, antibiotic resistance genes were probably carried on other transferable elements lacking integrons, such as transposons or plasmids.

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