The influence of the bog water level on the transformation of sphagnum mosses in peat soils of oligotrophic bogs

Abstract. Vegetation and hydrology are important controlling factors in peatland methane dynamics. This study aimed at investigating the role of vegetation components – sedges, dwarf-shrubs, and Sphagnum mosses – in methane fluxes of a boreal fen under natural and experimental water level drawdown conditions. We measured the fluxes during four growing seasons using static chamber technique in a field experiment where the role of the ecosystem components was assessed via plant removal treatments. The first year was a calibration year after which the water level drawdown and vegetation removal treatments were applied. Under natural water level conditions, plant-mediated fluxes comprised 68–78 % of the mean growing season flux (1.95 ± 0.21 g CH4 m−2 month−1 from June to September), of which Sphagnum mosses and sedges accounted for 1/4 and 3/4, respectively. The presence of dwarf shrubs, on the other hand, had a slightly attenuating effect on the fluxes. In water level drawdown conditions, the mean flux was close to zero (0.03 ± 0.03 g CH4 m−2 month−1) and the presence/absence of the plant groups had a negligible effect. In conclusion, water level acted as a switch; only in high water level conditions vegetation regulated the net fluxes. The results are relevant for assessing the response of peatland fluxes in changing climatic conditions, as water level drawdown and the consequent vegetation succession are the major projected impacts of climate change on northern peatlands.

Download Full-text

Release of inorganic N, P and K in peat soils; effect of temperature, water chemistry and water level

Biogeochemistry ◽

10.1007/bf00004135 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 63-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Willem Koerselman ◽

Marianne B. Van Kerkhoven ◽

Jos T. Verhoeven

Keyword(s):

Water Chemistry ◽

Water Level ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Inorganic N ◽

Peat Soils ◽

Temperature Water

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PEMBAKARAN BERULANG PADA LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAP BEBERAPA KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DI DESA RASAU JAYA UMUM KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v8i3.42810 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Yuliana Astuti ◽

Dwi Astiani ◽

Ratna Herawatiningsih

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Level ◽

Chemical Nature ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Characteristics ◽

Peat Soils ◽

West Kalimantan

The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) identifies eight provinces considered prone to forest and land fires in Indonesia. Four provinces are in Sumatra and four are in Kalimantan, one of which is West Kalimantan. Forest and land fires seem to have become a disaster in West Kalimantan, especially every dry season. Burning activies in the preparation of land for agriculture in the village of Rasau Jaya General is still using a relatively simple technology, namely the method of "slash and burn". The impacts caused by the peat fire process are in the form of water vapor from the combustion process in the air so that smoke formed which is very thick, causes environmental pollution and can affect soil conditions such as physical and chemical properties of peat soils. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effects of repeated burning on peatlands on soil characteristics in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This research was conducted by survey method and carried out with purposive sampling on 3 research sites, which were on land that had repeated burning twice, 4 times and 5 times. Soil physical properties observed were peat maturity (fiber content), water content, soil moisture, water level and bulk density. The level of fertility of peatlands is influenced by the chemical nature of the soil. The chemical nature of the soil is one of the limiting factors for knowing nutrients in the soil that are beneficial for plant growth. Determination of the level of soil fertility in peatlands can be done by analyzing the chemical properties of the soil. Analysis of the soil chemical properties includes analysis of the main element content such as acidity (pH), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The physical properties of the soil consisting of the weight of the contents, the moisture content varies with different levels of burning, the higher the value of the weight of the contents, the more dense a soil and vice versa. In the value of water content, the amount of combustion influences the amount of ground water content, the more number of combustion, the value of water content also increases. Peat environmental conditions observed in the field consisted of soil moisture, soil temperature and ground water level measured for 7 days and obtained a mean value that also varied did not show its effect on the number of repeated fires. The chemical properties of peat soils on the number of repeated burning can increase and decrease each nutrient value consisting of N, P, K and also CEC. Nutrients that increase in the amount of combustion are pH, N, and CEC while the value of nutrients that decrease is K and P. This shows that the greater the level of combustion, the pH, N, and CEC greater.Keywords: peatlands, repeated burning, soil characteristics

Download Full-text

Drainage Impact on Plant Cover and Hydrology of Aukštumala Raised Bog (Western Lithuania)

Botanica Lithuanica ◽

10.2478/botlit-2014-0019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 109-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonas Jarašius ◽

Dalytė Matulevičiūtė ◽

Romas Pakalnis ◽

Juratė Sendžikaitė ◽

Vaidotas Lygis

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Water Level ◽

Plant Cover ◽

Burned Area ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Raised Bog ◽

Burnt Area ◽

Raised Bogs ◽

Peat Mining ◽

Bog Water

AbstractOne-third of the former Aukstumala raised bog (western Lithuania) has been preserved as Telmological Reserve since 1995, while the remaining territory is still under active industrial peat mining or are abandoned peat harvesting fields. The present study was carried out in 2013 and aimed to assess long-term human impact on the structure of plant cover and hydrology of Aukstumala raised bog. On the basis of vegetation assessment (Twinspan analysis), four habitat types were identified: i) active raised bog, ii) degraded raised bog drained by ditches, iii) contact zone of the bog and the peat mining fields and iv) recently burnt areas. The largest anthropogenic impact on vegetation cover was found in the degraded raised bog drained by the ditches and in the burnt area, where the proportion of plant species atypical to ombrotrophic raised bogs was the highest. Water electrical conductivity negatively correlated (r = -0.57) with bog water level, whereas correlation between pH and bog water level was weaker (r = -0.38). Water level in the active raised bog was significantly higher than in the rest three habitat types. Electrical conductivity values in the active raised bog were significantly lower compared to the degraded raised bog and burned area habitats. In order to recreate favourable conditions for peat accumulation and natural functioning of bog ecosystem, mean bog water level should be raised at least up to -32 cm (the optimum water level assigned for most of the typical ombrotrophic species fell into the range of -20 - -32 cm).

Download Full-text

SIFAT KIMIA DAN TINGGI MUKA AIR TANAH GAMBUT PADA TIGA TIPE PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI FISIOGRAFI KUBAH GAMBUT DAN RAWA BELAKANG KHG KAHAYAN-SEBAGAU

Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.20527/jht.v8i3.9632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 315

Author(s):

Marinus Kristiadi Harun ◽

Syaiful Anwar ◽

Eka Intan Kumala Putri ◽

Hadi Susilo Arifin

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Water Level ◽

Organic Material ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Water Level Fluctuations ◽

Peat Soils

This study aims to: (1) determine the chemical properties of peat soils in 3 types of land cover in 2 physiographies; (2) find out water level fluctuations (WLF) on peat soils covered by agroforestry and horticulture in the physiography of peat dome and backswamp during the rainy season, transitions and drought. This research was conducted in January until December 2018 in Kahayan-Sebangau Peat Hidrological Unit, in the Kalampangan Vilagge. The results showed that differences in peat soil cover conditions at different physiographies affected chemical properties and WLF. The three types of peatland cover on both physiographic types of peatlands have a pH that categories into the very acid (<4.5). The results of this study indicate that nutrients (N, P, Kd, C, Mg, Al, Na and SO4) that are formed in each type of land cover in 2 physiographies indicate that these elements in peatlands are influenced by a layer of peat which obtains input of organic material from the plants above it. Peat fertility depends on the contribution of organic material from plants on it. Peatland cation exchange capacity values for all types are in the very high category (> 40). In addition to the chemical elements of the soil, the peat ground water level is highly volatile following rainfall so that during the peak of the dry season (MK) the WLF can reach 200 cm below the ground surface, and vice versa during the peak of the rainy season (MH) the WLF can inundate all peat soils.

Download Full-text

Interacting effects of vegetation components and water level on methane dynamics in a boreal fen

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-17-727-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 727-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Terhi Riutta ◽

Aino Korrensalo ◽

Anna M. Laine ◽

Jukka Laine ◽

Eeva-Stiina Tuittila

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Natural Water ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Sphagnum Mosses ◽

Dwarf Shrubs ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Plant Groups ◽

The Mean ◽

Methane Dynamics

Abstract. Vegetation and hydrology are important controlling factors in peatland methane dynamics. This study aimed at investigating the role of vegetation components, sedges, dwarf shrubs, and Sphagnum mosses, in methane fluxes of a boreal fen under natural and experimental water level drawdown conditions. We measured the fluxes during growing seasons 2001–2004 using the static chamber technique in a field experiment where the role of the ecosystem components was assessed via plant removal treatments. The first year was a calibration year after which the water level drawdown and vegetation removal treatments were applied. Under natural water level conditions, plant-mediated fluxes comprised 68 %–78 % of the mean growing season flux (1.73±0.17 g CH4 m−2 month−1 from June to September), of which Sphagnum mosses and sedges accounted for one-fourth and three-fourths, respectively. The presence of dwarf shrubs, on the other hand, had a slightly attenuating effect on the fluxes. In water level drawdown conditions, the mean flux was close to zero (0.03±0.03 g CH4 m−2 month−1) and the presence and absence of the plant groups had a negligible effect. In conclusion, water level acted as a switch; only in natural water level conditions did vegetation regulate the net fluxes. The results are relevant for assessing the response of fen peatland fluxes to changing climatic conditions, as water level drawdown and the consequent vegetation succession are the major projected impacts of climate change on northern peatlands.

Download Full-text