Separation of Lead, Cadmium, and Iron in Analyses of Soil Samples

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Svoboda ◽  
Tomáš Šafařík ◽  
Uwe Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Chloride Complexes ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Selective Detector ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Basic Anion

The conditions of sorption of chloride complexes of Pb2+, Cd2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+ ions from media of hydrochloric acid have been studied with a strongly basic anion exchanger - Ostion LG AT. The experiments used an exchanger microcolumn connected with atomic absorption spectrometer as a selective detector of metal ions. From the relation found between retention of the ions studied and hydrochloric acid concentration, conditions of separation have been suggested and used for separations of small amounts of lead and cadmium from many times higher amounts of iron and aluminium in soil extract before determination of both the foreign metals by means of AAS method. The yield of separation exceeded 95%.

scholarly journals A New Purification Process of Solanesol Based on Chemically Modified Diatomite

2022 ◽  
Vol 2160 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xiaobin Han ◽  
Yulong Peng ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Runmeng Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Modification Effect ◽  
Development And Utilization

Abstract Diatomite is a kind of natural material with adsorption capacity and it’s widely used in industry. The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration and modification time on the modification effect of diatomite. This article describes a modified method of diatomite, which can not only reduce the purification cost, but also improve the separation efficiency of solanesol. The results show that when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3mol/L and the treatment time is 50 minutes, the modification effect of diatomite is the best. The determination of the optimum technological conditions is conducive to the separation and purification of Solanesol by diatomite, and lays a foundation for the further development and utilization of diatomite.

Conductometric titration of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 1895-1897
Author(s):  
A P van Zanten ◽  
A van den Ende
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Gastric Acidity ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Conductometric Titration ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia Solution ◽  
Equivalence Point

Abstract We describe a procedure for the determination of hydrochloric acid concentration in gastric juice by means of a conductometric titration of the 50-fold diluted sample with an aqueous ammonia solution. The conductometric method of endpoint indication leads to a definite location of the equivalence point in the titration of hydrochloric acid. The proposed method is simple and accurate and shows a good correlation with an accepted method for the measurement of gastric acidity.

ORGANIC REAGENTS FOR PLATINUM METALS: I. THE DETERMINATION OF PALLADIUM WITH 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE

1949 ◽  
Vol 27b (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Ryan ◽  
P. Fainer
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Volumetric Method ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Platinum Metals ◽  
Chloride Solutions ◽  
Organic Reagents

Palladium may be precipitated quantitatively with 1,10-phenanthroline from palladous chloride solutions; variations in the hydrochloric acid concentration from 1 to 20% had no effect on the precipitation. The reagent yields no precipitates with other platinum metals under similar conditions; slightly high results, however, were obtained when palladium was precipitated from solutions containing these metals. The precipitate has the composition C12H8N2PdCl2 and may be used as a weighing form for palladium. A micro-volumetric method for palladium using 1,10-phenanthroline is described. Small amounts of platinum (as Pt+4) do not interfere.

scholarly journals Trace elements in soils of oases of Enderby Land (on an example of Vecherny oasis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kukharchyk ◽  
Sergey Kakareka ◽  
Yury Giginyak
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Background Site ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Migration Pathways

The content of trace elements in the soils of the Vecherny Oasis (Enderby Land, East Antarctica), where the construction of the Belarusian Antarctic Station started in December 2015, is considered. The results of the research are based on data collected during four Belarusian Antarctic expeditions in the period from 2011 to 2017, and analytical testing of soil samples taken from impacted and non-impacted sites. A total of 22 soil samples were analyzed for the content of trace elements; to compare the levels of accumulation and possible migration pathways, 7 samples of bottom sediments were also analyzed. Determination of trace elements was carried out using the AAS method (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn) and emission spectral analysis (about 40 elements). The average values and range of concentrations of trace elements in soils and bottom sediments of the oasis are presented. The possible dependence of the trace elements content on the location positions in the landscape and on the sources of impact is discussed. It is shown, that the variability of metals content in soil profile for background site is low. In comparison with other oases of Antarctica no hotspots have been revealed and no significant areas of soil contamination have been identified yet, which is largely due to the fragmentation of the soil cover and lack of significant sources of pollution.

Determination of low concentrations of dibenzyl sulfoxide in aqueous solutions

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1908-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Vláčil ◽  
Huynh Dang Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Medium ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Limit Of Determination ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Basic Anion

A spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of low concentrations of sulfoxide in water, relying on the formation of a leuco-compound from the reaction of L-tryptophan with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and its oxidation by sulfoxide in hydrochloric acid medium. The optimum conditions for the determination were found by using the simplex method. The calibration curve, measured at 620 nm, is linear up to the sulfoxide concentration 7.5 . 10-5 mol l-1 (i.e. 17.3 ppm), the limit of determination is 0.1 ppm, the reproducibility, expressed as the relative standard deviation (for n = 6) is 3-4%. Oxidants interfere with the determination. Nitrates can be removed by means of a strongly basic anion exchanger in the chloride form. Mixture water-acetone (6 + 1) passing with a low flow rate should be applied to the elution of the partly sorbed sulfoxide.

scholarly journals Electrochemical determination of the levels of lead and cadmium in soil samples from Niger and Ogun States, Nigeria: remediation potential with chitosan phosphate and implications for human health and disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greatness Olaitan ◽  
Wesley Okiei
Keyword(s):  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cathodic Peak ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Cadmium Poisoning ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Women And Children

AbstractLead and cadmium poisoning is common in some parts of Nigeria as a result of artisanal mining of gold. The poisoning has led to the deaths of hundreds of women and children below the age of five years. In this study, the concentrations of lead and cadmium in eight soil samples collected from selected artisanal gold mining locations in Niger State and battery dismantling site in Ogun State were electrochemically determined. Linear sweep stripping voltammetry technique was used with glassy carbon as working electrode, Ag/AgCl as reference and platinum as auxiliary electrode. The cathodic peak current for the reduction of lead was observed at − 490 mV while that of cadmium was observed at − 675 mV. The concentrations of lead in the soil samples ranged between 19 and 417 mg/kg while that of cadmium was in the range 20–182 mg/kg. The ability of chitosan phosphate to adsorb lead and cadmium in the polluted soil samples was investigated as a step towards carrying out remediation of the polluted environment. Chitosan phosphate was derived from chitosan which was prepared by the deacetylation of chitin obtained from crab. The chitosan phosphate was found to remove the lead and cadmium from all the soil samples studied.

scholarly journals Kinetic study of atomization in atomic absorption analysis of solid samples using flame-furnace atomizer

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1244-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Lugovyy ◽  
Olexander Buhay ◽  
Antonina Alemasova
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Modifiers ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Exponential Factors ◽  
Flame Furnace ◽  
Apparent Activation Energies ◽  
Direct Solid

AbstractDirect solid sampling analysis in atomic absorption spectrometry using flame-furnace atomizer allows to significantly decrease analysis duration, to avoid sample pollution and to exclude toxic reagents. The choice of chemical modifiers that decreases the detection limit and improves the repeatability of results is based on the mechanism of analyte-free atom formation. The kinetic approach developed here allows determination of pre-exponential factors k0 and apparent activation energies Ea of the atomization processes for Pb(II) and Cd(II) compounds and enables use of CaCO3 and KHF2 as effective chemical modifiers for soil samples. A fast and precise technique for lead and cadmium determination in soils using the proposed chemical modifiers was developed.

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