Polymerase synthesis of base-modified DNA: new methods and new applications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Balintová ◽  
Jitka Daďová ◽  
Pavel Kielkowski ◽  
Petra Ménová ◽  
Zuzana Vaníková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Methods ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
New Applications

Chances and Challenges in Joining by Forming with a Flat Counter Tool

2005 ◽  
Vol 6-8 ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimund Neugebauer ◽  
R. Mauermann ◽  
Stephan Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Joining By Forming ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Process Reliability ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
New Applications

Two new joining methods for sheet metal parts, dieless clinching and dieless rivet-clinching are introduced in this paper. With these methods all formable materials can be joined. Contrary to conventional technology in joining by forming these new methods are working with a flat anvil as a counter tool instead of a contoured die, which has a number of advantages. The process has become simpler, the process reliability is increased, misalignments of the joining tools don’t effect the quality of the connection anymore and even new applications, such as the joining of materials with a limited malleability become possible. Examples of realized connections and FE-calculations of the joining processes are presented.

Simplifying Electron Diffraction Pattern Identification of Mixed-Material Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Samson ◽  
Patrick C. Nahirney ◽  
Charles Michael Drain ◽  
Irene Piscopo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Mixed Material ◽  
New Applications

Metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles (NPs), ranging in size from 1–200 nm, have unique functional properties that differ from their bulk materials and their component atoms or molecules. These unique properties have driven the demand for nano-sized materials and new methods to synthesize NPs, which are used in drug delivery systems, bio-imaging agents, catalysts, photonics, and optical devices. Inorganic NPs can be synthesized with a variety of methods that impart size, shape, and other structural properties. Cobalt-based NPs, for instance, display unique size and shape-dependent magnetic properties, while the band gap, UV blocking properties and stability of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs enable new applications in products ranging from cosmetics to solar cell power.

New applications of photogrammetry and reflectance transformation imaging to an Easter Island statue

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (340) ◽  
pp. 596-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Miles ◽  
Mike Pitts ◽  
Hembo Pagi ◽  
Graeme Earl
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Detailed Record ◽  
Archaeological Objects ◽  
Reflectance Transformation Imaging

New methods of visualisation offer the potential for a more detailed record of archaeological objects and the ability to create virtual 3D models that can be made widely available online. Here, two different techniques are applied to the impressive Easter Island statue on display in the Wellcome Gallery at the British Museum. Of particular importance are the details revealed of the petroglyphs that decorate its surface.

Scope and Methodology of Twin Studies

1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Allen
Keyword(s):  
Twin Studies ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
New Research ◽  
New Applications

The use of twins as a research tool is still proving its worth both by the number of scientists engaged in twin research and by the significance of their results. Old, familiar research designs are finding new applications, and new research designs are appearing. Of greatest current interest are the epidemiological studies made possible by the assembly and the aging of large numbers of twins in twin registries. As an outgrowth partly of the twin registries, partly of conceptual and mathematical progress, new methods have emerged for diagnosis of twin types and for analysis of twin data. One line of development started with the questionnaire method of zygosity diagnosis and has given rise most recently to zygosity diagnosis by principal component analysis. Another line started with probability calculations and has led to the use of generalized distance and noncentral chi-square. The appropriateness of these methods in different contexts needs to be critically considered. Also of importance are the psychologists' new methods of extracting genetic “factors”. The greatest weakness of twin studies, long recognized, is their dependence on the assumption that DZ pairs provide an adequate control on the environmental differences within MZ pairs. This may be valid with respect to environmental influences that are highly self-selected. It is debatable for self-selected influences that differ among families, and clearly untenable for most influences imposed by the social environment peculiar to twins.

scholarly journals Computational Geometric Tools for Modeling Inherent Variability in Animal Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Stamps ◽  
Soo Go ◽  
Ajay S. Mathuru
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Alignment Method ◽  
Shape Alignment ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Fundamental Challenge ◽  
Geometric Techniques ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Common Action ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTA fundamental challenge for behavioral neuroscientists is to represent inherent variability among animals accurately without compromising the ability to quantify differences between conditions. We developed two new methods that apply curve and shape alignment techniques to address this issue. As a proof-of-concept we applied these methods to compare normal or alarmed behavior in pairs of medaka (Oryzias latipes). The curve alignment method we call Behavioral Distortion Distance (BDD) revealed that alarmed fish display less predictable swimming over time, even if individuals incorporate the same action patterns like immobility, sudden changes in swimming trajectory, or changing their position in the water column. The Conformal Spatiotemporal Distance (CSD) technique on the other hand revealed that, in spite of the unpredictability, alarmed individuals share an overall swim pattern, possibly accounting for the widely held notion of “stereotypy” in alarm responses. More generally, we propose that these new applications of known computational geometric techniques are useful in combination to represent, compare, and quantify complex behaviors consisting of common action patterns that differ in duration, sequence, or frequency.

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TESTING MATERIALS FOR RESISTANCE TO CLIMATIC FACTORS (review) Part 2. Main trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
A.B. Laptev ◽  
◽  
M.R. Pavlov ◽  
A.A. Novikov ◽  
A.V. Slavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Climate Gradients ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Development ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Impact

In the second part of the review, based on the analysis of the world experience in conducting climate tests, the main development trends related to new applications of materials, their compatibility, modeling of loading cycles, acceleration of climate tests, the impact of climate gradients, taking into account the level of climate factors in a particular area with a minimum resolution, climate change, new methods for assessing the climatic resistance of materials and biolo-gical impact factors are identified. The relevance of complex tests of materials for climatic and biological resistance with the use of methods for predicting their properties is shown.

scholarly journals Materials processing using supercritical fluids

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Orlovic ◽  
Dejan Skala
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Synthesis Parameters ◽  
Fluid Environment ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Synthesized Materials

One of the most interesting areas of supercritical fluids applications is the processing of novel materials. These new materials are designed to meet specific requirements and to make possible new applications in Pharmaceuticals design, heterogeneous catalysis, micro- and nano-particles with unique structures, special insulating materials, super capacitors and other special technical materials. Two distinct possibilities to apply supercritical fluids in processing of materials: synthesis of materials in supercritical fluid environment and/or further processing of already obtained materials with the help of supercritical fluids. By adjusting synthesis parameters the properties of supercritical fluids can be significantly altered which further results in the materials with different structures. Unique materials can be also obtained by conducting synthesis in quite specific environments like reversed micelles. This paper is mainly devoted to processing of previously synthesized materials which are further processed using supercritical fluids. Several new methods have been developed to produce micro- and nano-particles with the use of supercritical fluids. The following methods: rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) supercritical anti-solvent (SAS), materials synthesis under supercritical conditions and encapsulation and coating using supercritical fluids were recently developed.

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