A 3D REWORKING OF THE URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF PALERMO IN RECENT HISTORY FOR A HYPOTHESIS OF A "CITY MUSEUM" BASED ON DIGITAL VISUALIZATIONS

The objective that drives this research is given by a multitude of information which, in addition to the contribution of technology, allows us to study, analyze, verify and remodel the sites, monuments and evolutions of the city through graphic processes of perspective restitution that start from the analysis of historical photos. The drawing methods, the digital graphic rendering and through the aid of geometric techniques, contribute to the reconstruction of projects and architectures that are now lost, this is possible thanks to the methods of perspective, axonometry and three-dimensional restitution.This remarkable photographic heritage belonging to Palermo, but also to any other city in the world that is sometimes not even considered in the least or that is even forgotten in archives today finds new life thanks to the perspective restitution. Shooting and photographic images following particular studies, allow us to precisely establish the observation points and the dimensions of architectures that have now disappeared, giving them new life through the transposition and reconstruction of the same within a “memory archive three-dimensional”.In order to describe the transformations of the city, both urban and architectural, we have taken as a case study an architecture that has now been lost in the city of Palermo: villa Rutelli. It was a neo-Gothic villa, built in the first twenty years of the twentieth century on the axis of Via Libertà and demolished in the 1960s along with other buildings of the Palermitan Liberty during the years of the infamous "sack of Palermo". Through the iconographic and archival research at the CRICD and the Bronzetti fund (photographer) and with the aid of research and cataloging studies, illustrative material emerged which was useful for reworking the particularities of the model through the perspective restitution.

Investigating Remote-Sensing Techniques to Reveal Stealth Coronal Mass Ejections

Eruptions of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun are usually associated with a number of signatures that can be identified in solar disc imagery. However, there are cases in which a CME that is well observed in coronagraph data is missing a clear low-coronal counterpart. These events have received attention during recent years, mainly as a result of the increased availability of multi-point observations, and are now known as “stealth CMEs.” In this work, we analyze examples of stealth CMEs featuring various levels of ambiguity. All the selected case studies produced a large-scale CME detected by coronagraphs and were observed from at least one secondary viewpoint, enabling a priori knowledge of their approximate source region. To each event, we apply several image processing and geometric techniques with the aim to evaluate whether such methods can provide additional information compared to the study of “normal” intensity images. We are able to identify at least weak eruptive signatures for all events upon careful investigation of remote-sensing data, noting that differently processed images may be needed to properly interpret and analyze elusive observations. We also find that the effectiveness of geometric techniques strongly depends on the CME propagation direction with respect to the observers and the relative spacecraft separation. Being able to observe and therefore forecast stealth CMEs is of great importance in the context of space weather, since such events are occasionally the solar counterparts of so-called “problem geomagnetic storms.”

Implikasi Bayang Istiwa’ Terhadap Penentuan Awal Waktu Sholat

The formulation of prayer times is based on the apparent daily circulation of the Sun by determining when the Sun occupies a certain position. One of these positions when the Sun is perpendicular to the position of the observer is called the Solar Culmination Time or called “istiwa’ ”. Time ‘istiwa defined as the starting point of the reckoning the beginning of prayer time with a time angle value equal to zero. One of the phenomena in istiwa’ is the shadow of istiwa’ which is used as a guide in making sundials. The phenomena of the ‘shadows’ has many variants depending on the latitude of the place and the declination of the Sun. The number of variants of changes in the condition of the idols ‘shadow becomes an interesting part to be studied and researched, especially the position of the idols’ time as the starpoint in the initial reckoning of prayer time. In addition, the implication of the shadow istiwa ‘phenomenon is closely related to the beginning of Zuhr and Asr, which use the sun’s shadow in their calculations. This paper will examine the implications of istiwa ‘shadows on the initial determination of prayer times which will be more focused on changes in the phenomenon of istiwa’i shadows to variations in latitude and sun declination. The research method uses qualitative methods with an astronomical approach. The data obtained were processed using geometric techniques to obtain data variants. The results of data processing were analyzed with descriptive comparisons to get a more comprehensive picture. The results of the study show that with changes in the variation in the value of the latitude and declination of the Sun, a change in the phenomenon of the length of the images’ image is obtained as follows: Without a shadow; b. The image ‘does not exceed the length of the object; c. The image ‘is equal to the object’s length; d. Istiwa length ‘is longer than the object length; e. Dark. The implication is in the formulation of Zuhr and Asr prayer times which refer to the length of the idols ‘shadows’ experiencing problems. Especially areas with latitude> 45 ° when declination is negative and latitude> -45 ° when declination is positive.

Time-optimal quantum transformations with bounded bandwidth

In this paper, we derive sharp lower bounds, also known as quantum speed limits, for the time it takes to transform a quantum system into a state such that an observable assumes its lowest average value. We assume that the system is initially in an incoherent state relative to the observable and that the state evolves according to a von Neumann equation with a Hamiltonian whose bandwidth is uniformly bounded. The transformation time depends intricately on the observable's and the initial state's eigenvalue spectrum and the relative constellation of the associated eigenspaces. The problem of finding quantum speed limits consequently divides into different cases requiring different strategies. We derive quantum speed limits in a large number of cases, and we simultaneously develop a method to break down complex cases into manageable ones. The derivations involve both combinatorial and differential geometric techniques. We also study multipartite systems and show that allowing correlations between the parts can speed up the transformation time. In a final section, we use the quantum speed limits to obtain upper bounds on the power with which energy can be extracted from quantum batteries.

Slow chaos in surface flows

Flows on surfaces describe many systems of physical origin and are one of the most fundamental examples of dynamical systems, studied since Poincará. In the last decade, there have been a lot of advances in our understanding of the chaotic properties of smooth area-preserving flows (a class which include locally Hamiltonian flows), thanks to the connection to Teichmueller dynamics and, very recently, to the influence of the work of Marina Ratner in homogeneous dynamics. We motivate and survey some of the recent breakthroughs on their mixing and spectral properties and the mechanisms, such as shearing, on which they are based, which exploit analytic, arithmetic and geometric techniques.

p-adic Integration on Bad Reduction Hyperelliptic Curves

In this paper, we introduce an algorithm for computing $p$-adic integrals on bad reduction hyperelliptic curves. For bad reduction curves, there are two notions of $p$-adic integration: Berkovich–Coleman integrals, which can be performed locally, and abelian integrals with desirable number-theoretic properties. By covering a bad reduction hyperelliptic curve with basic wide-open sets, we reduce the computation of Berkovich–Coleman integrals to the known algorithms on good reduction hyperelliptic curves. These are due to Balakrishnan, Bradshaw, and Kedlaya and to Balakrishnan and Besser for regular and meromorphic $1$-forms, respectively. We then employ tropical geometric techniques due to the 1st-named author with Rabinoff and Zureick-Brown to convert the Berkovich–Coleman integrals into abelian integrals. We provide examples of our algorithm, verifying that certain abelian integrals between torsion points vanish.

Lightning Protection of Ancient Chola Monument in South India Based on Three-Dimensional Geometric and Electro-Geometric Techniques

Lightning is one of the most commonly occurring natural phenomena which causes irrecoverable damage toedifices which include monuments that uniquely showcase global heritage. Most monuments are usually built tall since these signify symbols of victory, whereby invariably becoming vulnerable to lightning. Though several researchers have implemented various Lightning Protection Systems (LPS) to a considerable level of success, substantial statistical variations in prospective stroke currents during lightning due to factors such as climate change,complexities in geographical topography etc., present considerable challenges in obtaining a common framework for protection of structures. Hence, this research focuses on carrying out analysis based on exhaustive case-studies for an ancient United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) monument in South India. The first objective of this research is in carrying out detailed comparison of shielding effectiveness based on 3D geometric and electro-geometric LPS strategies such as Protection Angle Method (PAM) and Rolling Sphere Method (RSM). The second aims at assessment of risk in accordance with IEC 62305 for estimation of level of risk and the role of varying lightning protection levels utilizing striking distance models to obtain the appropriate choice of the location of air terminal. The third focuses on conducting cross-validation studies to assess the adequacy of the proposed location of LPS using SESShield-3D by depicting the critical zones that necessitate additional protection. In addition, shielding failure analysis of the proposed LPS is also carried out. Inferences on unshielded zones for the three-dimensional (3D) layout models of the monuments have been summarized with appropriate recommendations.

Computational geometric tools for quantitative comparison of locomotory behavior

A fundamental challenge for behavioral neuroscientists is to accurately quantify (dis)similarities in animal behavior without excluding inherent variability present between individuals. We explored two new applications of curve and shape alignment techniques to address this issue. As a proof-of-concept we applied these methods to compare normal or alarmed behavior in pairs of medaka (Oryzias latipes). The curve alignment method we call Behavioral Distortion Distance (BDD) revealed that alarmed fish display less predictable swimming over time, even if individuals incorporate the same action patterns like immobility, sudden changes in swimming trajectory, or changing their position in the water column. The Conformal Spatiotemporal Distance (CSD) technique on the other hand revealed that, in spite of the unpredictability, alarmed individuals exhibit lower variability in overall swim patterns, possibly accounting for the widely held notion of “stereotypy” in alarm responses. More generally, we propose that these new applications of established computational geometric techniques are useful in combination to represent, compare, and quantify complex behaviors consisting of common action patterns that differ in duration, sequence, or frequency.