scholarly journals Comparing the usability of paediatric weight estimation methods: a simulation study

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin D Marlow ◽  
Dora L B Wood ◽  
Mark D Lyttle
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Cognitive Stress ◽  
Reference Table ◽  
Online Simulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recent Version

ObjectiveEstimating weight is essential in order to prepare appropriate sized equipment and doses of resuscitation drugs in cases where children are critically ill or injured. Many methods exist with varying degrees of complexity and accuracy. The most recent version of the Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) course has changed their teaching from an age-based calculation method to the use of a reference table. We aimed to evaluate the potential implications of this change.MethodUsing a bespoke online simulation platform we assessed the ability of acute paediatric staff to apply different methods of weight estimation. Comparing the time taken, rate and magnitude of errors were made using the APLS single and triple age-based formulae, Best Guess and reference table methods. To add urgency and an element of cognitive stress, a time-based competitive component was included.Results57 participants performed a total of 2240 estimates of weight. The reference table was the fastest (25 (22–28) vs 35 (31–38) to 48 (43–51) s) and most preferred, but errors were made using all methods. There was no significant difference in the percentage accuracy between methods (93%–97%) but the magnitude of errors made was significantly smaller using the three APLS formulae 10% (6.5–21) compared with reference table (69% (34–133)) mainly from month/year table confusion.ConclusionIn this exploratory study under psychological stress none of the methods of weight estimation were free from error. Reference tables were the fastest method and also had the largest errors and should be designed to minimise the risk of picking errors.

Suporte avançado de vida em cardiologia: análise comparativa entre os resultados da avaliação teórica pré e pós-curso

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Erika Azevedo Massimo ◽  
Daclé Vilma Carvalho ◽  
Talline Arêdes Hang-Costa ◽  
Danilo Ulisses Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Advanced Cardiac Life Support ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Training ◽  
Terapia Intensiva ◽  
Belo Horizonte

ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze comparatively the results obtained by students in the theoretical evaluations pre and post course provider of Advanced Life Support in Cardiology (SAVC) in Belo Horizonte. Method: this was an exploratory study, descriptive and cross-training conducted at the center of the Mining Society of Intensive Care (miserly) in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The sample consisted of 92 evaluations of pre-tests and an equal number of post-tests, data were obtained from the database of the training center in accordance with Resolution 196/96. Results: the results of this study were presented in the form of tables showing a comparison between the scores obtained in the theoretical evaluation pre and post-course. Were established concepts that refer to intervals of notes ranging from zero to 100 points and was calculated by the average of the scores obtained by students concepts. Statistical analysis was performed on the average scores obtained in both evaluations. Conclusion: there was significant difference of evaluation results between theoretical pre-and post-course, showing a differentiation or acquisition of theoretical knowledge by the students during the course, even with this, practical. Descriptors: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; education, continuing; advanced cardiac life support; teaching; evaluation.RESUMOObjetivo: analisar comparativamente os resultados obtidos pelos alunos nas avaliações teóricas pré e pós-curso de provedor de Suporte Avançado de Vida em Cardiologia (SAVC) em Belo Horizonte. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal realizado no centro de treinamento da Sociedade Mineira de Terapia Intensiva (SOMITI) em Belo Horizonte, Minas gerais. A amostra foi constituída de 92 avaliações de pré-testes e igual número de pós-testes, os dados foram obtidos do banco de dados do referido centro de treinamento em conformidade com a Resolução 196/96. Resultados: os resultados deste estudo foram apresentados em forma de tabelas havendo uma comparação entre as notas obtidas na avaliação teórica pré e pós-curso. Foram estabelecidos conceitos que se referem a intervalos de notas que variam de zero a 100 pontos e foi calculada a média das notas por conceitos obtidos pelos alunos. A análise estatística também foi realizada com base na média das notas obtidas nas duas avaliações. Conclusão: houve diferença significativa dos resultados das avaliações teóricas entre pré e pós-curso, apontando para uma diferenciação ou incorporação de conhecimento teórico pelos alunos, durante o curso, mesmo sendo este, prático. Descritores: ressuscitação cardiopulmonar; educação continuada; suporte vital cardíaco avançado; ensino; avaliação.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar comparativamente los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes en las evaluaciones teóricas de la pre y post curso proveedor de Apoyo Avanzado de Vida en Cardiología (SAVC) en Belo Horizonte. Método: este es un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y transversal que tuvo lugar en el centro de formación de la Sociedad Minera de Cuidados Intensivos (miserable) en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. La muestra de 92 evaluaciones de los ensayos preliminares y un número igual de después de los ensayos, los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos del Centro de formación de conformidad con la Resolución 196/96. Resultados: los resultados de este estudio fueron presentados en forma de cuadros que muestran una comparación entre los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación teórica pre y post-curso. Se establecieron los conceptos que se refieren a los intervalos de las notas que van de cero a 100 puntos y se calculó la media de las puntuaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes conceptos. El análisis estadístico se realizó en la media de las puntuaciones obtenidas en las dos avaliações. Conclusão: hubo diferencia significativa de los resultados de la evaluación teórica entre pre y post-curso, que muestra una diferenciación o la adquisición de conocimientos teóricos de los alumnos durante el curso, aunque esto, prático. Descriptores: resucitación cardiopulmonar; educación continua; apoyo vital cardíaco avanzado; evaluación.

Do Clothing Labels Play a Role for Weight Estimation in Pediatric Emergencies? A Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Adeviyye Karaca ◽  
Kamil Can Akyol ◽  
Mustafa Keşaplı ◽  
Faruk Güngör ◽  
Umut Cengiz Çakır ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to investigate the usability of the age value listed on the labels on children’s clothes in the age-based weight estimation method recommended by the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) guidelines.Material-Method:This prospective, cross-sectional study was organized in Antalya Training and Research Hospital Emergency Department. Children aged between 1-12 years were included in the study. The weight measurements of the children were obtained based on the age-related criteria on the labels of their clothes. The estimated values were compared with the real values of the cases measured on the scale.Results:One-thousand ninety-four cases were included, the mean age of cases in age-based measurements was 6.25 years, which was 6.5 years in label-based measurements. Average weights measured 25.75kg according to age-based measurements, 26.5kg according to label-based measurements, and 26.0kg on the scales, and showed no statistical difference (P <.0001). It was estimated that 741 (67.7%) of age-based measurements and 775 (70.8%) of label-based measurements were within (±)10% values within the normal measurement limits and no significant difference was measured.Conclusion:In the emergency department and prehospital setting, children with an unknown age and that need resuscitation and interventional procedures for stabilization, and have no time for weight estimation, checking the age on clothing label (ACL) instead of the actual age (AA) can be safely used for the age-dependent weight calculation formula recommended by the PALS guide.

scholarly journals Prehospital time of suspected stroke patients treated by emergency medical service: a nationwide study in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phantakan Tansuwannarat ◽  
Pongsakorn Atiksawedparit ◽  
Arrug Wibulpolprasert ◽  
Natdanai Mankasetkit
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
National Database ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Suspected Stroke ◽  
Prehospital Time

Abstract Background This work was to study the prehospital time among suspected stroke patients who were transported by an emergency medical service (EMS) system using a national database. Methods National EMS database of suspected stroke patients who were treated by EMS system across 77 provinces of Thailand between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, was retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data (i.e., regions, shifts, levels of ambulance, and distance to the scene) and prehospital time (i.e., dispatch, activation, response, scene, and transportation time) were extracted. Time parameters were also categorized according to the guidelines. Results Total 53,536 subjects were included in the analysis. Most of the subjects were transported during 06.00-18.00 (77.5%) and were 10 km from the ambulance parking (80.2%). Half of the subjects (50.1%) were served by advanced life support (ALS) ambulance. Median total time was 29 min (IQR 21, 39). There was a significant difference of median total time among ALS (30 min), basic (27 min), and first responder (28 min) ambulances, Holm P = 0.009. Although 91.7% and 88.3% of the subjects had dispatch time ≤ 1 min and activation time ≤ 2 min, only 48.3% had RT ≤ 8 min. However, 95% of the services were at the scene ≤ 15 min. Conclusion Prehospital time from EMS call to hospital was approximately 30 min which was mainly utilized for traveling from the ambulance parking to the scene and transporting patients from the scene to hospitals. Even though only 48% of the services had RT ≤ 8 min, 95% of them had the scene time ≤ 15 min.

Evaluating a Computerized Adaptive Testing Version of a Cognitive Ability Test Using a Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110277
Author(s):  
Ioannis Tsaousis ◽  
Georgios D. Sideridis ◽  
Hannan M. AlGhamdi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Item Exposure

This study evaluated the psychometric quality of a computerized adaptive testing (CAT) version of the general cognitive ability test (GCAT), using a simulation study protocol put forth by Han, K. T. (2018a). For the needs of the analysis, three different sets of items were generated, providing an item pool of 165 items. Before evaluating the efficiency of the GCAT, all items in the final item pool were linked (equated), following a sequential approach. Data were generated using a standard normal for 10,000 virtual individuals ( M = 0 and SD = 1). Using the measure’s 165-item bank, the ability value (θ) for each participant was estimated. maximum Fisher information (MFI) and maximum likelihood estimation with fences (MLEF) were used as item selection and score estimation methods, respectively. For item exposure control, the fade away method (FAM) was preferred. The termination criterion involved a minimum SE ≤ 0.33. The study revealed that the average number of items administered for 10,000 participants was 15. Moreover, the precision level in estimating the participant’s ability score was very high, as demonstrated by the CBIAS, CMAE, and CRMSE). It is concluded that the CAT version of the test is a promising alternative to administering the corresponding full-length measure since it reduces the number of administered items, prevents high rates of item exposure, and provides accurate scores with minimum measurement error.

scholarly journals Comparison of paediatric weight estimation methods at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
Rafiuk Cosmos Yakubu ◽  
Samuel Blay Nguah ◽  
Nedda Ayi-bisah
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Weight Estimation

scholarly journals Reducing the Bias of the Smoothed Log Periodogram Regression for Financial High-Frequency Data

Econometrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Erhard Reschenhofer ◽  
Manveer K. Mangat
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
High Frequency Data ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Periodic Patterns ◽  
Typical Sample ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Proper Interpretation

For typical sample sizes occurring in economic and financial applications, the squared bias of estimators for the memory parameter is small relative to the variance. Smoothing is therefore a suitable way to improve the performance in terms of the mean squared error. However, in an analysis of financial high-frequency data, where the estimates are obtained separately for each day and then combined by averaging, the variance decreases with the sample size but the bias remains fixed. This paper proposes a method of smoothing that does not entail an increase in the bias. This method is based on the simultaneous examination of different partitions of the data. An extensive simulation study is carried out to compare it with conventional estimation methods. In this study, the new method outperforms its unsmoothed competitors with respect to the variance and its smoothed competitors with respect to the bias. Using the results of the simulation study for the proper interpretation of the empirical results obtained from a financial high-frequency dataset, we conclude that significant long-range dependencies are present only in the intraday volatility but not in the intraday returns. Finally, the robustness of these findings against daily and weekly periodic patterns is established.

Influence of weight modelling on the outcome of wing design using multidisciplinary design optimisation techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (1195) ◽  
pp. 871-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mariens ◽  
A. Elham ◽  
M. J. L. van Tooren
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Wing Design ◽  
Design Optimisation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation ◽  
Optimisation Techniques

Abstract Weight estimation methods are categorised in different classes based on their level of fidelity. The lower class methods are based on statistical data, while higher class methods use physics based calculations. Statistical weight estimation methods are usually utilised in early design stages when the knowledge of designers about the new aircraft is limited. Higher class methods are applied in later design steps when the design is mature enough. Lower class methods are sometimes preferred in later design stages, even though the designers have enough knowledge about the design to use higher class methods. In high level multidisciplinary design optimisation (MDO) fidelity is often sacrificed to obtain models with shorter computation times. There is always a compromise required to select the proper weight estimation method for an MDO project. An investigation has been performed to study the effect of using different weight estimation methods, with low and medium levels of fidelity, on the results of a wing design using multidisciplinary design optimisation techniques. An MDO problem was formulated to design the wing planform of a typical turboprop and a turbofan passenger aircraft. The aircraft maximum take-off weight was selected as the objective function. A quasi-three-dimensional aerodynamic solver was developed to calculate the wing aerodynamic characteristics. Five various statistical methods and a quasi-analytical method are used to estimate the wing structural weight. These methods are compared to each other by analysing their accuracy and sensitivity to different design variables. The results of the optimisations showed that the optimum wing shape is affected by the method used to estimate the wing weight. Using different weight estimation methods also strongly affects the optimisation convergence history and computational time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document