scholarly journals Concussion in youth rugby union and rugby league: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Kirkwood ◽  
Nikesh Parekh ◽  
Richard Ofori-Asenso ◽  
Allyson M Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union

scholarly journals Body composition differences by age and playing standard in male rugby union and rugby league: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (19) ◽  
pp. 2161-2176
Author(s):  
Tom Geeson-Brown ◽  
Ben Jones ◽  
Kevin Till ◽  
Sarah Chantler ◽  
Kevin Deighton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union

scholarly journals Lower limb MSK injuries among school-aged rugby and football players: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000806
Author(s):  
David Stewart Anderson ◽  
John Cathcart ◽  
Iseult Wilson ◽  
Julie Hides ◽  
Felix Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Standard Quality

ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review was to explore the incidence of lower limb musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries sustained by rugby union, rugby league, soccer, Australian Rules and Gaelic football players under 18 years. The review sought to identify the mechanisms and types of injury sustained and to compare between sports.DesignThis systematic review focused on the incidence of lower limb injury in adolescent team sports that involved running and kicking a ball. A literature search of studies published prior to January 2020 was conducted using SportDiscus, Medline and PubMed databases. The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of each article included in the review. Two or more authors independently reviewed all papers.ResultsSixteen papers met the inclusion criteria; prospective cohort (N=14), retrospective (n=1) and longitudinal (n=1). These studies investigated injuries in rugby union and rugby league (n=10), football (soccer) (n=3), Australian Rules (n=2) and Gaelic football (n=1). There were a total of 55 882 participants, aged 7–19 years old, who reported 6525 injuries. The type, site and mechanisms of injury differed across sports.SummaryLower limb injuries were common in adolescent rugby, soccer, Gaelic football and Australian Rules football players, however these studies may not fully reflect the true injury burden where recurrent and overuse injuries have not been considered. There were differences between sports in the mechanisms, types and severity of injury.

scholarly journals A Case–Control Study of Tackle-Based Concussion Risk Factors in The National Rugby League

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Gardner ◽  
Grant Iverson ◽  
Suzi Edwards ◽  
Ross Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Game Activity ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Injury Assessment ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Recent Evaluation

Abstract Background The tackle is the in-game activity carrying the greatest risk for concussion in Rugby. A recent evaluation of tackle characteristics in Rugby Union precipitated a rule modification to reduce head impact risk during tackles. This study aims to replicate the work conducted in Rugby Union by examining the association between tackle characteristics and head injury events in professional Rugby League. Methods We reviewed and coded 446 tackles resulting in a head injury assessment (HIA) and 5,694 tackles that did not result in a head injury from two National Rugby League (NRL) seasons. Tackle height, body position of players, and contact area on an opponent’s body were evaluated, with the propensity of each situation to cause an HIA calculated as HIAs per 1000 events. Results The propensity for tacklers to sustain a head injury was 0.99 HIAs per 1000 tackles, 1.74-fold greater than for the ball carrier (0.57 HIAs per 1,000 tackles). There was a 3.2-fold higher risk for an HIA when the tackler was upright compared to bent-at-the-waist. The greatest risk of a tackler HIA occurred when head contact was very low (knee, boot) or high (head and elbow). HIAs were most common following head-to-head impacts. The lowest propensity for tackler HIA was found when the tackler’s head was in proximity with the ball carrier’s torso. Conclusions The result of this study replicated the findings in professional rugby union. This has implications for the injury prevention initiatives implemented to reduce HIA risk because the majority of injuries are sustained by the player initiating the action.

scholarly journals Tendon and Ligament Injuries in Elite Rugby: The Potential Genetic Influence

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Brazier ◽  
Mark Antrobus ◽  
Georgina K. Stebbings ◽  
Stephen H. Day ◽  
Shane M. Heffernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Body Contact

This article reviews tendon and ligament injury incidence and severity within elite rugby union and rugby league. Furthermore, it discusses the biological makeup of tendons and ligaments and how genetic variation may influence this and predisposition to injury. Elite rugby has one of the highest reported injury incidences of any professional sport. This is likely due to a combination of well-established injury surveillance systems and the characteristics of the game, whereby high-impact body contact frequently occurs, in addition to the high intensity, multispeed and multidirectional nature of play. Some of the most severe of all these injuries are tendon and ligament/joint (non-bone), and therefore, potentially the most debilitating to a player and playing squad across a season or World Cup competition. The aetiology of these injuries is highly multi-factorial, with a growing body of evidence suggesting that some of the inter-individual variability in injury susceptibility may be due to genetic variation. However, little effort has been devoted to the study of genetic injury traits within rugby athletes. Due to a growing understanding of the molecular characteristics underpinning the aetiology of injury, investigating genetic variation within elite rugby is a viable and worthy proposition. Therefore, we propose several single nucleotide polymorphisms within candidate genes of interest; COL1A1, COL3A1, COL5A1, MIR608, MMP3, TIMP2, VEGFA, NID1 and COLGALT1 warrant further study within elite rugby and other invasion sports.

scholarly journals Young Pacific Male Rugby Players’ Perceptions and Experiences of Mental Wellbeing

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Caleb Marsters ◽  
Jemaima Tiatia-Seath
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Rugby Players

Recent studies and increased media reporting across Australasia have linked young Pacific maleelite athletes to depression, suicide, and other adverse mental health-related events. Despite these accounts,little is known about the way this group experience emotions and mental wellbeing. The aim of this studywas to explore young Pacific male athletes’ perceptions and experiences of emotions and mental wellbeing.This qualitative study involved 20 face-to-face interviews with young Pacific males (16–24 years) engaged inelite rugby union and rugby league programmes in Auckland, New Zealand. The results identified thatathletes defined mental wellbeing in a holistic and relational manner and perceived and mental wellbeing asthe culmination of several interconnected factors, including: Family support, reciprocating family support,living a ‘well-balanced’ life, athletic performance, and personal development away from sports. Themaintenance of a well-balanced athletic identity and positive social relations were deemed central tosustaining mental wellbeing for these young men.

scholarly journals Cervical spinal cord injury in rugby union and rugby league: are incidence rates declining in NSW?

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesia G. Berry ◽  
James E. Harrison ◽  
John D. Yeo ◽  
Raymond A. Cripps ◽  
Shaun C. R. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

Lower-Extremity Isokinetic Strength Profiling in Professional Rugby League and Rugby Union

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Brown ◽  
Matt Brughelli ◽  
Peter C. Griffiths ◽  
John B. Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Strength ◽  
Hip Extension

Purpose:While several studies have documented isokinetic knee strength in junior and senior rugby league players, investigations of isokinetic knee and hip strength in professional rugby union players are limited. The purpose of this study was to provide lower-extremity strength profiles and compare isokinetic knee and hip strength of professional rugby league and rugby union players.Participants:32 professional rugby league and 25 professional rugby union players.Methods:Cross-sectional analysis. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to evaluate peak torque and strength ratios of the dominant and nondominant legs during seated knee-extension/flexion and supine hip-extension/flexion actions at 60°/s.Results:Forwards from both codes were taller and heavier and had a higher body-mass index than the backs of each code. Rugby union forwards produced significantly (P < .05) greater peak torque during knee flexion in the dominant and nondominant legs (ES = 1.81 and 2.02) compared with rugby league forwards. Rugby league backs produced significantly greater hip-extension peak torque in the dominant and nondominant legs (ES = 0.83 and 0.77) compared with rugby union backs. There were no significant differences in hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios between code, position, or leg. Rugby union forwards and backs produced significantly greater knee-flexion-to-hip-extension ratios in the dominant and nondominant legs (ES = 1.49–2.26) than rugby union players.Conclusions:It seems that the joint torque profiles of players from rugby league and union codes differ, which may be attributed to the different demands of each code.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Concussion in Rugby Union

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1717-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Gardner ◽  
Grant L. Iverson ◽  
W. Huw Williams ◽  
Stephanie Baker ◽  
Peter Stanwell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rugby Union

scholarly journals Sports Monitoring with Moving Aerial Cameras Maybe Cost Efficient For Injury Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Deborah Joy Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Lifetime Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Incident Cases

Objectives: An Australian access economics report (2009) estimated the lifetime cost of care is 5.0 million for a person whom suffers paraplegia and 9.5 million for quadriplegia, and costs/year are approximately $90,000. Hilton )2018( on drones at sporting venues discusses their potential to revolutionize injury surveillance monitoring via expert exposure gained for recording, investigation, tracking and monitoring of sporting injuries. Hilton (2018) reviewed rugby union and league Australian spinal cord injury datasets, finding more incident cases in the union then league [1]. Methods/Analysis: Wikipedia reports 20 professional rugby union and 26 rugby league playing fields in Australia. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare document; Australian sports injury hospitalizations 2011–12 report just under 800 head and neck injuries requiring hospitalization related to rugby-related sports “35 neck fractures and 348 head fractures”. Brisbane’s leading drone aerial photography service “Droneworxs” according to previous enquiries by the author charge $650/hour to monitor a sporting event. A crude drone implementation cost estimate, hypothetically is to utilize this device across 46 professional clubs X 52 weeks one hour/week = $1,554,800. A basic hypothetical mathematical cost benefit comparison was performed. Findings: Droneworxs cost divided by healthcare costs/case/year ($90,000) = 17 so if these injuries are prevented then cost equivalence is reached figurately speaking, then cost benefits accrue. Novelty /Improvement: Drones are not overly expensive compared to spinal cord injury costs. The occasional presence of aerial cameras at sporting venues may also deter repeated foul play, in the same way that webcam cameras deter potential thieves.

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