scholarly journals Incidence and outcomes of hospitalization for community-acquired, ventilator-associated and non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonias in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001447
Author(s):  
Ana Lopez-de-Andres ◽  
Romana Albadalejo-Vicente ◽  
Javier de Miguel-Diez ◽  
Valentin Hernandez-Barrera ◽  
Zichen Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hospital Acquired

IntroductionTo describe the incidence and compare in-hospital outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) among patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using propensity score matching.Research design and methodsThis was a retrospective observational epidemiological study using the 2016–2017 Spanish Hospital Discharge Records.ResultsOf 245 221 admissions, CAP was identified in 227 524 (27.67% with T2DM), VAP was identified in 2752 (18.31% with T2DM) and NV-HAP was identified in 14 945 (25.75% with T2DM). The incidence of pneumonia was higher among patients with T2DM (CAP: incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.44, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.45; VAP: IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.37 and NV-HAP: IRR 1.38, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.44). In-hospital mortality (IHM) for CAP was 12.74% in patients with T2DM and 14.16% in matched controls (p<0.001); in patients with VAP and NV-HAP, IHM was not significantly different between those with and without T2DM (43.65% vs 41.87%, p=0.567, and 29.02% vs 29.75%, p=0.484, respectively). Among patients with T2DM, older age and dialysis were factors associated with IHM for all types of pneumonia. In patients with VAP, the risk of IHM was higher in females (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.96).ConclusionThe incidence rates of all types of pneumonia were higher in patients with T2DM. Higher mortality rates in patients with T2DM with any type of pneumonia were associated with older age, comorbidities and dialysis.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Retrospective Cohort Study Using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain (2016–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12645
Author(s):  
Ana Lopez-de-Andres ◽  
Marta Lopez-Herranz ◽  
Valentin Hernandez-Barrera ◽  
Javier de-Miguel-Diez ◽  
Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Over Time

(1) Background: To analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics, use of procedures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients who developed pneumonia during their hospital admission according to sex and to the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) was classed as non-ventilator HAP and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Separate analyses were performed for men and women with and without T2DM. Population subgroups were compared using propensity score matching. (3) Results: HAP was identified in 38,814 patients (24.07% with T2DM). The adjusted incidence of HAP was higher in patients with T2DM (both sexes) (IRR 1.28; 95% CI 1.25–1.31). The incidence of HAP was higher in men with T2DM than in women with T2DM (adjusted-IR 1.47; 95% CI 1.41–1.53). The incidence of HAP among T2DM patients increased over time. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was around 28% irrespective of T2DM status and sex. After adjusting for confounders and sex, VAP was associated to higher IHM among patients with T2DM (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.7–2.57). (4) Conclusions: T2DM is associated with a higher risk of HAP, whose incidence increased over time. Men with T2DM have an almost 50% higher risk of HAP than women with T2DM. The probability of dying in the hospital was not associated with sex or T2DM.

scholarly journals TheType 2 Deiodinase Thr92Ala PolymorphismIs Associated with Worse Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Wenqing Han ◽  
Yaqiu Jiang ◽  
Shiqiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective. Type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3. The Thr92Ala polymorphism has been shown related to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to assess the association between this polymorphism and glycemic control in T2DM patients as marked by the HbA1C levels.Design and Methods.The terms “rs225014,” “thr92ala,” “T92A,” or “dio2 a/g” were used to search for eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies including both polymorphism testing and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) assays were performed.Results. Four studies were selected, totaling 2190 subjects. The pooled mean difference of the studies was 0.48% (95% CI, 0.18–0.77%), indicating that type 2 diabetics homozygous for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism had higher HbA1C levels.Conclusions. Homozygosity for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with higher HbA1C levels in T2DM patients. To confirm this conclusion, more studies of larger populations are needed.

scholarly journals Trends in Prevalence and Incidence Rates of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Medicare Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. A600
Author(s):  
L Xie ◽  
Y Wang ◽  
H Tan ◽  
A Ogbomo ◽  
O Baser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medicare Population

scholarly journals The effect of sodium-glucose link transporter 2 inhibitors on heart failure end points in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Simon James Crabtree ◽  
Robert EJ Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Bias Assessment

Sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been demonstrated to improve cardiovascular outcomes. In particular, SGLT2i appear to be beneficial in improving heart failure outcomes in people with and without diabetes. The aim of this review was to synthesis current evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SGLT2i to placebo in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The outcomes of interest were rate hospitalisation due to heart failure (primary), death due to heart failure (secondary) and incidence rates of heart failure (secondary).Methods: Searches were performed using recognised terms in MedLine, EMBASE, Pubmed and CINAHL. Studies were included if they compared an SGLT2i to inhibitor in an RCT and contained data for an outcome of interest. Studies were reviewed for inclusion by two people (TSJC and REJR) and data extraction and bias assessment were performed using a modified Cochrane’s data extraction tool and bias assessment tool. Meta-analysis of hazard ratios was performed in RevMan 5.4 using generic inverse variance and a fixed effects model where possible.Results: 2,850 records were identified of which 11 were eventually included, covering 9 clinical studies. Eight of these were suitable for meta-analysis for the outcome of hospitalisation due to heart failure – the pooled hazard ratio was found to be 0.69 (95% CI 0.63, 0.75). Interstudy heterogeneity was minimal (I2 0%) Only one study contained outcomes for death specifically due to heart failure, but its results were not significant. No current studies report incidence rates of new heart failure diagnosis.Conclusion: SGLT2is reduce the rates of hospitalisation due to heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes. This may help mediate the improvements seen in all cardiovascular outcomes, especially when assessed as a composite. More evidence is needed to support their use in reduce mortality due to heart failure and incidence rates of new heart failure in this high-risk cohort.

The “Metabolic biomarkers of frailty in older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus” (MetaboFrail) study: Rationale, design and methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 110782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Calvani ◽  
Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas ◽  
Anna Picca ◽  
Federico Marini ◽  
Alessandra Biancolillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Older People ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers ◽  
Design And Methods

scholarly journals PECAM-1 Leu125Val (rs688) Polymorphism and Diabetic Nephropathy in Caucasians with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Završnik ◽  
Stojan Kariž ◽  
Jana Makuc ◽  
Maja Šeruga ◽  
Ines Cilenšek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Homophilic Binding ◽  
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Integrity ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

Objectives. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) plays a key role in the transendothelial migration of circulating leukocytes during inflammation and in the maintenance of vascular endothelial integrity. We hypothesized that genetic variation inPECAM-1gene could be associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and with the level of soluble PECAM-1 in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Design and Methods. We analyzed the rs688 single nucleotide polymorphism ofPECAM-1gene C373G (Leu125Val) at exon 3, which encodes the first extracellular Ig-like domain that mediates the homophilic binding of PECAM-1, in 276 T2DM subjects with documented DN (cases) and 375 T2DM subjects without DN (controls), using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) strategy. Level of plasma soluble PECAM-1 (sPECAM-1) was measured by ELISA in a subpopulation of 120 diabetics with DN.Results. We found no association between the Leu125Val polymorphism and DN in subjects with T2DM. Likewise, the Leu125Val polymorphism was not associated with serum sPECAM-1 levels in a subpopulation of 120 diabetics with DN.Conclusion. The Leu125Val polymorphism of PECAM-1 and the level of sPECAM-1 are not associated with DN in T2DM subjects of Slovenian origin.

scholarly journals Vliyanie lipektomii peredney stenkizhivota na techenie metabolicheskogosindroma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Mariya Aleksandrovna Volokh ◽  
Yuriy Shavkatovich Khalimov ◽  
Vladimir Mikhaylovich Shapovalov ◽  
Nikolay Grigor'evich Gubochkin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Lipoprotein Concentration ◽  
Design And Methods

Summary. Objective: to study the influence of surgical correction of abdominal obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on clinical course of metabolic syndrome (MS). Design and methods: 181obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were studied. All patients were divided into two groups. First group consisted of 109 patients, who underwent lipoaspiration or abdominoplasty with subsequent medication. Second group - 72 patients suffering from abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, were treated conservatively without surgery. MS was diagnosed by six criteria in 90 (82,5%) first group patients and in 57 (79,1%) second group patients. 19 (17,5%) patients in the first group and 15 (20,9%) - in the second had five diagnostic MS criteria. Results. The study of patients serum lipid structure shows different results depending on the treatment technique. Anterior abdominal wall lipectomy leads to much faster and significant improvement in main lipidogram features, especially triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein concentration, which are the most important markers of MS progression. Unlike patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus treated conservatively with medication, surgically treated patients show fast and resistant improvement in cardonhydrate metabolism compensation markers, which are decrease of serum fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels. Arterial hypertension stage II and III in the first group patients developed significantly less in 5 years after surgery (р

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