scholarly journals Early intervention services for non-psychotic mental health disorders: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e033656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Richards ◽  
Amelia Austin ◽  
Karina Allen ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Intervention Services

IntroductionWorldwide mental health disorders are associated with a considerable amount of human suffering, disability and mortality. Yet, the provision of rapid evidence-based care to mitigate the human and economic costs of these disorders is limited. The greatest progress in developing and delivering early intervention services has occurred within psychosis. There is now growing support for and calls to extend such approaches to other diagnostic groups. The aim of this scoping review is to systematically map the emerging literature on early intervention services for non-psychotic mental health disorders, with a focus on outlining how services are structured, implemented and scaled.Methods and analysisThe protocol was developed using the guidance for scoping reviews in the Joanna Briggs Institute manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews checklist. A systematic search for published and unpublished literature will be conducted using the following databases: (1) MEDLINE, (2) PsycINFO, (3) HMIC, (4) EMBASE and (5) ProQuest. To be included, documents must describe and/or evaluate an early intervention service for adolescents or adults with a non-psychotic mental health disorder. There will be no restrictions on publication type, study design and date. Title and abstract, and full-text screening will be completed by one reviewer, with a proportion of articles screened in duplicate. Data analysis will primarily involve a qualitatively summary of the early intervention literature, the characteristics of early intervention services and key findings relating to their evaluation and implementation.Ethics and disseminationThe synthesis of published and unpublished articles will not require ethical approval. The results of this scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated via social media, conference presentations and other knowledge translation activities.

Overview of the role of big data in mental health: A scoping review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfan Ahmed ◽  
Sarah Aziz ◽  
Marco Angus ◽  
Mahmood Alzubaidi ◽  
Alaa Abd-Alrazaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Health Disorders

BACKGROUND Big Data offers promise in the field of mental health and plays an important part when it comes to automation, analysis and prevention of mental health disorders OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review is to explore how big data was exploited in mental health. This review specifically addresses both the volume, velocity, veracity and variety of collected data as well as how data was attained, stored, managed, and kept private and secure. METHODS Six databases were searched to find relevant articles. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used as a guideline methodology to develop a comprehensive scoping review. RESULTS General and Big Data features were extracted from the studies reviewed. Various technologies were noted when it comes to using Big Data in mental health with depression and anxiety being the focus of most of the studies. Some of these included Machine Learning (ML) models in 22 studies of which Random Forest (RF) was the most widely used. Logistic Regression (LR) was used in 4 studies, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used in 3 studies. CONCLUSIONS In order to utilize Big Data as a way to mitigate mental health disorders and prevent their appearance altogether a great effort is still needed. Integration and analysis of Big Data, doctors and researchers alike can find patterns in otherwise difficult to identify data by making use of AI and Machine Learning techniques. Similarly, machine learning and artificial intelligence can be used to automate the analytical process.

The Association Between Mental Health Disorders and Non-Infectious Scleritis: A Prevalence Study and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110676
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abdel-Aty ◽  
Ninani Kombo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ocular Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Health Disorders

Chronic inflammatory diseases can cause significant psychosocial stress in affected patients. Few studies have examined the psychological effects of ocular inflammatory disease and no studies have examined the psychological effects of scleritis. In this study we evaluate the prevalence of mental health disorders in scleritis patients and we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on the mental health effects of ocular inflammatory diseases. 162 patients (195 eyes) presenting to a tertiary care center with scleritis were identified. At least one comorbid mental health disorder was diagnosed in 35 patients (21.6%), most commonly major depression in 11.7%, generalized anxiety disorder in 9.3%, and substance use disorder in 6.2%. There were no significant differences in the length of an episode of scleritis or in the probability of symptom resolution between patients with a mental health disorder and other patients. In a review of the literature, 30 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. The majority of manuscripts (83.3%) were focused on uveitis patients. Eight of these studies were focused on patients with uveitis in the context of systemic disease. The most commonly reported mental health disorders reported were anxiety and depression. An average of 31.3% of patients with ocular inflammatory disease had depression and 35.0% had anxiety. Similar to other chronic illnesses, ocular inflammatory disease may be a significant psychosocial stressor. Future studies will further elucidate the relationship between these diseases and mental health.

The physical literacy of children with behavioural and emotional mental health disorders: A scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 95-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Fortnum ◽  
Bonnie Furzer ◽  
Siobhan Reid ◽  
Ben Jackson ◽  
Catherine Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Health Disorders

scholarly journals Loneliness in early psychosis: A qualitative study exploring the views of mental health practitioners in early intervention services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora Stefanidou ◽  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Nicola Morant ◽  
Brynmor Lloyd-Evans ◽  
Sonia Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Mental Health Practitioners ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Intervention Services

Abstract Background: Loneliness is an important public health problem with established adverse effects on physical and mental health. Although, people with psychosis often experience high levels of loneliness, relatively little is known about the relationship between loneliness and early psychosis. Potential interventions to address loneliness might be easier to implement early in the illness when social networks and social skills may be more intact than at a later stage. We investigated the views of mental health practitioners about the context and causes of loneliness in people with early psychosis, and about potential interventions.Methods: Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with mental health practitioners (n=20). Participants were purposively recruited from four early intervention services for first-episode psychosis in the UK. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Participants believed that the majority of service users with early psychosis experience feelings of loneliness. They often saw socially isolated and disconnected clients and believed them to be lonely, but rarely discussed loneliness explicitly in clinical interactions. A combination of symptoms, stigma and negative sense of self were believed to underpin loneliness. Participants could not identify any specific current interventions delivered by their services for tackling loneliness, but thought some routinely provided interventions, including social groups and psychological treatments, could be helpful. They favoured making a wider range of loneliness interventions available and believed that community agencies beyond mental health services should be involved to make these effective and feasible to deliver. They suggested social participation interventions without an explicit mental health focus as potentially promising and valued a co-produced approach to intervention development. Conclusions: This study suggests that loneliness is not routinely discussed in early intervention services, and a targeted strategy for tackling it is lacking. Co-produced, individualised community approaches, and interventions that target symptoms, stigma and negative self-schemas might be beneficial in alleviating loneliness for people with early psychosis. Empirical research is needed to develop and test such interventions.

The Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry – A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Welch ◽  
Tom Joshua Wy ◽  
Anna Ligezka ◽  
Leslie C. Hassett ◽  
Paul E. Croarkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Health Disorders

BACKGROUND Mental health disorders across the life span are a leading cause of medical disabilities. This burden is particularly significant in children and adolescents due to challenges in diagnoses and lack of precision medicine approaches. The advent and widespread adoption of wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches) that generate large volumes of passively collected data that are conducive for artificial intelligence applications to remotely diagnose and manage child and adolescent mental health disorders is promising. OBJECTIVE This study conducted a scoping review to study, characterize and identify areas of innovations with wearable devices that can augment current in-person physician assessments to individualize diagnosis and management of mental health disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry. METHODS This scoping review used PRISMA’s information as a guide. A comprehensive search of several databases from 2011 to June 25, 2021, limited to English language and excluding animal studies, was conducted. The databases included Ovid MEDLINE (R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and Scopus. RESULTS The initial search yielded 344 articles. 19 articles were left on the final source list for this scoping review. Articles were divided into three main groups: Studies with the main focus on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD) and Internalizing disorders such as anxiety disorders. Majority of the studies used either ECG strap or wrist worn biosensor. CONCLUSIONS Our scoping review found large heterogeneity of methods and findings in artificial intelligence studies in child psychiatry. Overall, the largest gaps identified in this scoping review are the lack of randomized control trials, most available studies are pilot feasibility trials.

scholarly journals Effects of Mental Health Disorders on Nursing Home Residents’ Nine-Month Pain Trajectories

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-500
Author(s):  
Penny L Brennan ◽  
Sonya SooHoo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Class Membership ◽  
Pain Frequency ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Pain Trajectories

Abstract Objective To determine the key classes of nursing home residents’ nine-month pain trajectories, the influence of residents’ mental health disorders on membership in these classes, and nine-month health-related outcomes associated with pain trajectory class membership. Methods Four times over a nine-month period, the MDS 3.0 resident assessment instrument was used to record the demographic characteristics, mental health disorder diagnoses, pain characteristics, and health and functioning outcomes of 2,539 Department of Veterans Affairs Community Living Center (VA CLC) residents. Growth mixture modeling was used to estimate the key classes of residents’ nine-month pain trajectories, the influence of residents’ mental health disorders on their pain trajectory class membership, and the associations of class membership with residents’ health and functioning outcomes at nine-month follow-up. Results Four-class solutions best described nursing home residents’ nine-month trajectories of pain frequency, severity, and interference. Residents with dementia and severe mental illness diagnoses were less likely, and those with depressive disorder, PTSD, and substance use disorder diagnoses more likely, to belong to adverse nine-month pain trajectory classes. Membership in adverse pain frequency and pain severity trajectory classes, and in trajectory classes characterized by initially high but steeply declining pain interference, portended more depressive symptoms but better cognitive and physical functioning at nine-month follow-up. Conclusions Nursing home residents’ mental health disorder diagnoses help predict their subsequent pain frequency, severity, and interference trajectories. This may be clinically useful information for improving pain assessment and treatment approaches for nursing home residents.

scholarly journals Influence of early life exposure to social disadvantages on deliberate self-harm (DSH) among children of parents with mental health disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Hu ◽  
Catherine Taylor ◽  
Rebecca Glauert ◽  
Jianghong Li ◽  
Janice Wong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Teen Mother ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Health Disorders

ABSTRACTIntroductionIt is well established that parental mental health disorders increase children’s risk of deliberate self-harm (DSH). However, little is known about how early life exposure to social disadvantage influences DSH among children whose parents have a mental health disorder. AimsTo examine how early life exposure to high neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and having a teen mother influence the DSH risk among children whose parents have a mental health disorder. MethodsThis study was based on the linkage of population-level records routinely collected by government agencies in Western Australia. A birth cohort including 474,860 non-Aboriginal individuals born between 1981 and 2001 was followed up until 2011. A nested case-control sample was compiled from the birth cohort for data analysis. A total of 7,151 people with DSH-related contacts (cases) and 143,020 matched controls were analysed. Conditional logistic regression models were utilised in this study. ResultsExposure to high neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with additionally increased odds of DSH among children exposed to maternal mental health disorders during early childhood (1-4 years) (OR=1.75, 95%CI:1.30-2.36, p<0.001). However, this was not observed for children exposed to maternal mental health disorders during late childhood (5-9 years) or adolescence (10-19 years). Comparatively, exposure to high socioeconomic disadvantage was related to additionally increased odds of DSH among children exposed to paternal mental health disorders during adolescence (10-19 years) (OR=2.25, 95%CI:1.60-3.16, p<0.001), but not childhood. Having a teen mother was significantly associated with additionally increased odds of DSH, regardless of when the parental mental health disorders occurred. Children with a teen mother and early life exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage were at additionally increased odds of DSH, compared to children with only one form of disadvantage (OR=1.51,95%CI:1.07-2.12%,p=0.018) among children exposed to parental mental health disorders during childhood, but not during adolescence. Conclusion Among children of parents with mental health disorders, early life exposure to social disadvantage is not uncommon, and confers additionally increased risk of DSH. Therefore, preventive strategies need to be based on joint actions involving both social and health services, and need to incorporate child mental health interventions into adult mental health services. The cross-cutting efforts would provide a greater positive impact in effectively addressing the multifaceted nature of reducing DSH among children of parents with mental health disorders.

scholarly journals Malaysian Consumer Intention toward Takaful Scheme for Mental Health Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Khairil Faizal Khairi ◽  
Nur Hidayah Laili ◽  
Aimi Fadzirul Kamarubahrin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Malaysian Consumer

This paper investigates the factors influencing Malaysian consumer intention toward takaful scheme for mental health disorders. An applied expanded Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model were used in the research and the variables of awareness, perception, attitude, subjective norm and intention toward a takaful scheme for mental health disorders were investigated. It is a pilot research carried out in Malaysia. The respondents are 60 Malaysian takaful consumers based on an online survey inside Klang Valley, Malaysia. This study reveals that the mean of attitude with the score of 4.27 is the highest score. The Pearson correlation is positive for both independent and dependent variables. Analysis of regression indicates a strong positive relationship between subjective norm and intention, thus suggesting that subjective norm is an important area to link to intention against mental health disorder takaful scheme. This is also proposed that future studies will concentrate on the factors that affect the willingness of consumers towards takaful mental health disorder schemes. It is hoped that the results of this study will serve as an informative reference for further development of takaful scheme for mental health disorder.

Tonsillectomy Outcomes among Children with Mental Health Disorders in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-760
Author(s):  
Yann-Fuu Kou ◽  
Cynthia Wang ◽  
Gopi B. Shah ◽  
Ron B. Mitchell ◽  
Romaine F. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
National Databases

Objectives Recent evidence suggests that children with mental health disorders are more likely to have postoperative complications. Our aim was to determine if mental health disorders affect postoperative complications after tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy (T&A). Setting Cross-sectional analysis of national databases. Subjects and Methods The 2006 to 2016 Kids Inpatient Database and the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database were used to identify children (age <21 years) who underwent T&A. We compared children with mental health disorders (eg, autism, developmental delays, or mood disorders) to those without a mental health disorder. We contrasted gender, race, length of stay, complications, and 30-day readmissions. Results We estimated that 37,386 children underwent T&A, and there were 2138 (5.7%) diagnosed with a mental health disorder. Children with mental health disorders were older (6.0 vs 5.3 years, P < .001), more commonly males (64% vs 58%, P < .001), had a longer length of stay (3.4 days vs 2.3 days, P < .001), and had higher total charges even after controlling for length of stay ($19,000 vs $14,000, P < .001). Children with a mental health disorder were more likely to have a complication (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 3.4; P < .001) including intubation, mechanical ventilation, or both (OR = 3.3; 95% CI, 2.6 to 3.8; P < .001). The 30-day all-cause readmission rate was higher (12% vs 4.0%, P < .001). Conclusion Children with mental health disorders, especially development delays, have more frequent complications, longer lengths of stay, and readmissions than children without mental health disorders. This information should be included in preoperative counseling.

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