Uncovering the high burden of hypertension and its predictors among adult population in Hosanna town, southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

ObjectiveHypertension is a global public health problem, with its burden increasing particularly in developing countries. However, it has not yet received due attention in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adult population in Hosanna town, southern Ethiopia.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional study.SettingHosanna town, southern Ethiopia.ParticipantsAdult population aged ≥18 years (n=634) were recruited by a multistage stratified sampling technique.Outcome measuresA face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire was carried out by trained nurses. Anthropometry and blood pressure were measured following standard procedures. Hypertension status was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg in two separate measurements or reported use of prescribed antihypertensive drugs for raised blood pressure. Factors associated with hypertension were identified by multivariable binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 17.2% (19.3% and 14.2% among men and women, respectively). About 40% were unaware that they were hypertensive prior to the study. Older age ≥35 years (adjusted OR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.4 to 10.8), alcohol use (adjusted OR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.4 to 8.3), consumption of saturated oil (adjusted OR=6.5, 95% CI: 1.5 to 17.5) and unspecified different types of oil (adjusted OR=8.2, 95% CI: 1.9 to 25.1) and overweight/obesity (adjusted OR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.9 to 4.6) were found to be independently associated with hypertension.ConclusionsThe prevalence of both diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension is alarmingly high in the town. These findings underscore the need to design health information provision systems on the risk factors of hypertension and promote good health practices. Blood pressure screening programmes at community levels to identify and treat undiagnosed hypertension should be considered.

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Undiagnosed Hypertension and Associated Factors among Adult Dwellers in Hawela Tula Sub City, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.15583/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Demelash Wachamo ◽

Endrias Markos ◽

Dereje Geleta

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Measurements ◽

Undiagnosed Hypertension

Abstract Introduction Hypertension is a common public health problem and often goes unnoticed and can lead to a stroke or heart attack. It contributes to the high burden of cardiovascular disease, premature mortality, reduced quality of life and high costs to the health care system, especially in low and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and influencing factors with health-seeking behaviour.Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 390 randomly selected adults in Hawela Tulla Sub-city, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia from February to June, 2019. Data was collected by pre-tested questionnaires and physical measurements of weight, height and blood pressure were collected through standardized procedures adapted from WHO STEPS survey tools. Data entry and analyzed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05.Result The prevalence of the undiagnosed hypertension among the respondents was 12.3%. The male [AOR= 3.70, 95% CI:1.64-8.32] than female contributing. Family history of hypertension had [AOR 3.69, 95% CI: 1.31-10.34], being physical inactive [AOR 3.21, 95% CI: 1.50- 6.84], salty food consumer [AOR 3.67, 95% CI:1.26-10.64], BMI 25 Kg/m2 and above [AOR 3.06, 95% CI:1.41-6.65] and not seek health care for some early hypertensive symptoms without serious illness [AOR 4.58, 95% CI: 1.85-11.32] when compared to their counterparts, were found to be determinant factors for undiagnosed hypertension.Conclusions and Recommendation The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension found to be prevalent and calls for intervention. Health officials need to consider integrating the prevention and control of hypertension at the community level. The clinicians need to intervene on unhealthy lifestyles, by promoting healthy practices and health-seeking behavior to prevent undiagnosed hypertension.

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Undiagnosed Hypertension and Associated Factors Among Adults in Hawela Tula Sub-City, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy ◽

10.2147/rmhp.s276955 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 2169-2177

Author(s):

Demelash Wachamo ◽

Dereje Geleta ◽

Endrias Markos Woldesemayat

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Undiagnosed Hypertension

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Factors determining the knowledge related to tuberculosis in a rural community, a community based cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170045 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

C. Rajan Rushender ◽

G. Dinesh Kumar ◽

M. Logaraj

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Study Population

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014.Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status.Conclusions: Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India.

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Prevalence of Stunting among Children Aged 6–23 Months in Kemba Woreda, Southern Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Advances in Public Health ◽

10.1155/2015/164670 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eskezyiaw Agedew ◽

Tefera Chane

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Critical Periods ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Activity ◽

Developmental Potential ◽

Chronic Undernutrition

Background. Stunting is a public health problem in developing countries. Stunting (HAZ < −2Z-score) is a major cause of disability preventing children who survive from reaching their full developmental potential.Objective. To assess stunting and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Southern Ethiopia.Methods. Community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 562 mothers who have children from 6 to 23 months in 2014/15 in Kemba district. Multivariate analyses were applied to identify predictor variables and control effect of confounding.Results. The study revealed that out of 562 children, 18.7% (95% CI (15.6–22.1)) of children were stunted. In multiple logistic regressions, boys [AOR: 2.50; 95% CI (1.60–4.01)], older mothers [AOR: 2.60; 95% CI (1.07–6.35)], mothers who have no formal education [AOR: 2.76; 95% CI (1.63–4.69)], mothers who work as daily workers [AOR: 3.06; 95% CI (1.03–9.12)] and have private work activity [AOR: 2.39; 95% CI (1.61–3.53)], mothers who have no postnatal follow-up [AOR: 1.64; 95% CI (1.05–2.55)], and maternal illness encountered after delivery [AOR: 1.56; 95% CI (1.05–2.32)] were identified as significant independent predictors of childhood stunting.Conclusion and Recommendation. A significant number of children had chronic undernutrition in critical periods. An organized effort should be made at all levels to solve the problems of chronic undernutrition (stunting) in children.

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Emerging Nutritional Problem of Adult Population: Overweight/Obesity and Associated Factors in Addis Ababa City Communities, Ethiopia—A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2020/6928452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Tsedeke Wolde Hailemariam ◽

Samrawit Solomon Ethiopia ◽

Andamlak Gizaw Alamdo ◽

Haimanot Ewnetu Hailu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Adult Population ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional

Background. Obesity is an emerging public health problem in developing countries. There is limited study conducted in Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among adult population. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the prevalence of overweight/obesity and the associated factors among adults aged 25–64 years in Addis Ababa city community residents, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 10, 2017, to May 20, 2017, in Addis Ababa. A total of 512 adults were recruited. A two-stage cluster followed by a systematic random sampling technique was used for sample selection. Data were collected using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI was reported to show the strength of association. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 484 adults participated in the study with a response rate of 94.5%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among study participants was found to be 99 (21.5%) and 14 (2.9%), respectively. Males were 90% less likely to be obese when compared to females (AOR = 0.10 (95% CI: 0.01–0.84)). Illiterate people were 94% less likely to be obese compared to those who were literate people (AOR = 0.06 (95% CI: 0.01–0.44)). Nonhypertensive individuals were 86% less likely to be obese when compared to hypertensive (AOR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03–0.69)). Conclusion. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be considerably high in Addis Ababa city residents compared to the national figure. Being female, literate, and presence of hypertension are independent predictors of overweight/obesity in the study population. Thus, the concerned bodies should initiate efforts to tackle the newly emerging public health problem of the country and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in the inhabitants of city settings.

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Prevalence of Stunting and Its Associated Factors among Children of 6–59 Months in Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS), Southern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2020/9520973 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Biruk Bogale ◽

Befikadu Tariku Gutema ◽

Yilma Chisha

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Surveillance Site

Introduction. Child stunting, which is a chronic length or height growth deficit, has been a devastating public health problem in developing countries. In Ethiopia, stunting remains severe public health problem. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and its associated factors among children of 6–59 months. Methods. The community-based cross sectional study was conducted in the Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Ethiopia. The simple random sampling method was used to recruit 656 mother-child pairs. Height for age Z score was computed using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2 software. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted, and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at p value <0.05 was used to determine statistically significant association between predictors and outcome variable. Result. The prevalence of stunting among children of 6–59 months in the study area was 47.9% (95% CI; 44.0–51.7). The likelihood of stunting was significantly higher among children who live in households with medium (AOR 2.20, 95% CI: 1.43–3.37) and poor (AOR 2.87, 95% CI: 1.72–4.81) wealth status. In addition, children who were not exclusively breast fed (AOR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.07–2.24), whose mothers had not participated in decision of major household purchases (AOR 2.27, 95% CI: 1.21–4.26), and whose mothers lacked decision on freedom of mobility (AOR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.05–3.66) were significantly stunted compared with counterparts. Conclusion. Stunting is a severe public health problem in the area. Therefore, efforts should be taken to enhance maternal empowerment, household wealth, and infant and young child feeding practice for reducing stunting among children.

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Blood Pressure and Tooth Loss: A Large Cross-Sectional Study with Age Mediation Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

José João Mendes ◽

João Viana ◽

Filipe Cruz ◽

Dinis Pereira ◽

Sílvia Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Continuous Measures ◽

Effect Of Age

We aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and tooth loss and the mediation effect of age. A cross-sectional study from a reference dental hospital was conducted from September 2017 to July 2020. Single measures of BP were taken via an automated sphygmomanometer device. Tooth loss was assessed through oral examination and confirmed radiographically. Severe tooth loss was defined as 10 or more teeth lost. Additional study covariates were collected via sociodemographic and medical questionnaires. A total of 10,576 patients were included. Hypertension was more prevalent in severe tooth loss patients than nonsevere tooth lost (56.1% vs. 39.3%, p < 0.001). The frequency of likely undiagnosed hypertension was 43.4%. The adjusted logistic model for sex, smoking habits and body mass index confirmed the association between continuous measures of high BP and continuous measures of tooth loss (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001). Age mediated 80.0% and 87.5% of the association between periodontitis with both systolic BP (p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (p < 0.001), respectively. Therefore, hypertension and tooth loss are associated, with a consistent mediation effect of age. Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension was elevated. Age, gender, active smoking, and BMI were independently associated with raised BP.

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Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Lactating Women: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Moyale District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Advances in Public Health ◽

10.1155/2020/4367145 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hailu Bekele ◽

Gebi Husein Jima ◽

Ashenafi Habtamu Regesu

Keyword(s):

Dietary Diversity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Household Food ◽

Delivery Place

Background. Undernutrition is one of the most widespread public health problems that affect both developed and developing countries. In Ethiopia, it is one of the factors leading to unacceptable high morbidity and mortality among women. However, little is documented on undernutrition among lactating women particularly in such a purely pastoral community. Therefore, this study was designed to assess prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among lactating women living in pastoral community of Moyale District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2018. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from a random sampled 545 lactating women using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Height and weight measurements of the study participants were also taken to compute body mass index. Data were entered in to Epi info version 7 and then exported to SPSS version 21 software for analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean, and percentage were computed to describe characteristics of the sample. Multivariable analysis was carried out, association between independent and dependent variables were measured using adjusted odds ratios, and its 95% confidence interval and P value below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. This study showed that prevalence of undernutrition among lactating women was 17.7%. Dietary diversity (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.43–4.36), monthly income (AOR = 5.22, 95% CI: 1.40–19.40), extra meal taking (AOR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.43–5.29, delivery place (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.24–5.65), and household food insecurity (AOR = 6.57, 95% CI: 3.50–12.34) were independent variables showing statistically significant association with undernutrition of lactating women. Conclusion and recommendations. The study revealed that magnitude of undernutrition among lactating women was high. Dietary diversity, monthly income, extra meal, delivery place, and household food insecurity were found to be predictor of undernutrition. Finally, we recommend that governmental and nongovernmental organizations should organize timely interventions targeting lactating women.

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