scholarly journals Recruiters’ perspectives and experiences of trial recruitment processes: a qualitative evidence synthesis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e045233
Author(s):  
Nicola Farrar ◽  
Daisy Elliott ◽  
Marcus Jepson ◽  
Catherine Houghton ◽  
Bridget Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

IntroductionRecruitment to randomised trials (RCTs) is often challenging. Reviews of interventions to improve recruitment have highlighted a paucity of effective interventions aimed at recruiters and the need for further research in this area. Understanding the perspectives and experiences of those involved in RCT recruitment can help to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment, and subsequently inform future interventions to support recruitment. This protocol describes methods for a proposed qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) of recruiters’ perspectives and experiences relating to RCT recruitment.Methods and analysisThe proposed review will synthesise studies reporting clinical and non-clinical recruiters’ perspectives and experiences of recruiting to RCTs. The following databases will be searched: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ORRCA and Web of Science. A thematic synthesis approach to analysing the data will be used. An assessment of methodological limitations of each study will be performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Assessing the confidence in the review findings will be evaluated using the GRADE Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual) tool.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed QES will not require ethical approval as it includes only published literature. The results of the synthesis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and publicised using social media. The results will be considered alongside other work addressing factors affecting recruitment in order to inform future development and refinement of recruitment interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020141297.

Vascular Pathology and Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana Monira Hussain ◽  
Chloe Dawson ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Andrew M. Tonkin ◽  
Louisa Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Vascular Beds

Objective.Vascular pathology (changes in blood vessels) and osteoarthritis (OA) are both common chronic conditions associated with aging and obesity, but whether vascular pathology is a risk factor for OA is unclear. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for an association between vascular pathology and risk of joint-specific OA.Methods.Scopus, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE were searched from inception to February 2019. MeSH terms and keywords were used to identify studies examining the association between vascular pathology and OA. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality. Qualitative evidence synthesis was performed.Results.Fifteen studies with high (n = 3), fair (n = 3), or low (n = 9) quality were included. Features of vascular pathology included atherosclerosis, vascular stiffness, and endothelial dysfunction in different vascular beds. There was evidence for an association between vascular pathology and risk of hand OA in women but not men, and between vascular pathology and risk of knee OA in both men and women. Only 2 studies examined hip OA showing no association between vascular pathology and risk of hip OA.Conclusion.There is evidence suggesting an association between vascular pathology and risk of hand and knee OA, with a potential causal relationship for knee OA. Based on the limited evidence, it is hard to conclude an association for hip OA. Further stronger evidence is needed to determine whether there is a causal relationship.

scholarly journals How do middle-aged and older adults with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care? A protocol for a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053084
Author(s):  
Travis Haber ◽  
Rana S Hinman ◽  
Fiona Dobson ◽  
Samantha Bunzli ◽  
Michelle Hall
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Registration Number

IntroductionChronic hip pain in middle-aged and older adults is common and disabling. Patient-centred care of chronic hip pain requires a comprehensive understanding of how people with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care. This paper outlines a protocol to synthesise qualitative evidence of middle-aged and older adults' views, beliefs, expectations and preferences about their chronic hip pain and its care.Methods and analysisWe will perform a qualitative evidence synthesis using a framework approach. We will conduct this study in accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement and the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the synthesis of Qualitative research checklist. We will search MEDLINE, CINAHL, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE and PsycINFO using a comprehensive search strategy. A priori selection criteria include qualitative studies involving samples with a mean age over 45 and where 80% or more have chronic hip pain. Two or more reviewers will independently screen studies for eligibility, assess methodological strengths and limitations using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative studies checklist, perform data extraction and synthesis and determine ratings of confidence in each review finding using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation—Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research approach. Data extraction and synthesis will be guided by the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation. All authors will contribute to interpreting, refining and finalising review findings. This protocol is registered on PROSPERO and reported according to the PRISMA Statement for Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this systematic review as primary data will not be collected. The findings of the review will be disseminated through publication in an academic journal and scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO registration number: CRD42021246305.

scholarly journals How human factors affect escalation of care: a protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis of studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025969
Author(s):  
Jody Ede ◽  
Verity Westgate ◽  
Tatjana Petrinic ◽  
Julie Darbyshire ◽  
Peter J Watkinson
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Failure To Rescue ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Safe Patient Care ◽  
Qualitative Evidence

IntroductionFailure to rescue is defined as mortality after complications during hospital care. Incidence ranges 10.9%–13.3% and several national reports such as National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcomes and Death and National Institute of Clinical Excellence CG 50 highlight failure to rescue as a significant problem for safe patient care.To avoid failure to rescue events, there must be successful escalation of care. Studies indicate that human factors such as situational awareness, team working, communication and a culture promoting safety contribute to avoidance of failure to rescue events. Understanding human factors is essential to developing work systems that mitigate barriers and facilitate prompt escalation of care. This qualitative evidence synthesis will identify and synthesise what is known about the human factors that affect escalation of care.Methods and analysisWe will search MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid) and CINAHL, between database inception and 2018, for studies describing human factors affecting failure to rescue and/or care escalation. A search strategy was developed by two researchers and a medical librarian. Only studies exploring in-hospital (ward) populations using qualitative data collection methods will be included. Screening will be conducted by two researchers. We are likely to undertake a thematic synthesis, using the Thomas and Harden framework. Selected studies will be assessed for quality, rigour and limitations. Two researchers will extract and thematically synthesise codes using a piloted data extraction tool to develop analytical themes.Ethics and disseminationThe qualitative evidence synthesis will use available published literature and no ethical approval is required. This synthesis will be limited by the quality of studies, rigour and reproducibility of study findings. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, publicised at conferences and on social media.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018104745.

scholarly journals Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Interventions to Prevent Youth Violence in Latin America: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Evidence Synthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika E. Atienzo ◽  
Eva Kaltenthaler ◽  
Susan K. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Qualitative Evidence

Youth violence in Latin America is an important public health problem. However, the evidence from preventive programs within the region to address this problem is limited. Identifying context-specific factors that facilitate or hinder the success of interventions is necessary to guarantee the successful implementation of new preventive strategies. We present a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies to identify factors affecting the implementation of programs to prevent youth violence in Latin America. We searched 10 electronic databases and websites of international institutions. The quality of the studies was assessed using the critical appraisal skills program checklist, while the certainty of the findings of the synthesis was assessed using the certainty of the qualitative evidence approach. We included eight papers describing five programs in Argentina, Venezuela, Peru, El Salvador, and Mexico. Most of the factors affecting the implementation of programs were aspects related to features of the programs and social/political constraints. The synthesis suggests that future programs can benefit from having a multidisciplinary and/or multisectoral approach involving different key players. At the same time, potential strategies for avoiding problems related to such active engagement should be planned via promoting effective channels for communication and supervision. The review also suggests the importance of increasing awareness and motivation toward the problem of youth violence among relevant agencies and stakeholders. While the limited volume and quality of the literature impact on the ability to draw conclusions, the results could be useful for new programs being designed and the ones seeking to be adapted from other contexts.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic factors affecting access to preferred place of death: A qualitative evidence synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Turner ◽  
Kate Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Qualitative Evidence

Background: Existing quantitative evidence suggests that at a population level, socioeconomic factors affect access to preferred place of death. However, the influence of individual and contextual socioeconomic factors on preferred place of death are less well understood. Aim: To systematically synthesise the existing qualitative evidence for socioeconomic factors affecting access to preferred place of death in the United Kingdom. Design: A thematic synthesis of qualitative research. Data sources: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, ASSIA, Scopus and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to May 2018. Results: A total of 13 articles, reporting on 12 studies, were included in the synthesis. Two overarching themes were identified: ‘Human factors’ representing support networks, interactions between people and decision-making and ‘Environmental factors’, which included issues around locations and resources. Few studies directly referenced socioeconomic deprivation. The main factor affecting access to preferred place of death was social support; people with fewer informal carers were less likely to die in their preferred location. Other key findings included fluidity around the concept of home and variability in preferred place of death itself, particularly in response to crises. Conclusion: There is limited UK-based qualitative research on socioeconomic factors affecting preferred place of death. Further qualitative research is needed to explore the barriers and facilitators of access to preferred place of death in socioeconomically deprived UK communities. In practice, there needs to be more widespread discussion and documentation of preferred place of death while also recognising these preferences may change as death nears or in times of crisis.

scholarly journals Optimising the value of the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) tool for quality appraisal in qualitative evidence synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Hannah A Long ◽  
David P French ◽  
Joanna M Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Quality Appraisal ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

The value of qualitative evidence synthesis for informing healthcare policy and practice within evidence-based medicine is increasingly recognised. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding how to judge the methodological quality of qualitative studies being synthesised and debates around the extent to which such assessment is possible and appropriate. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool is the most commonly used tool for quality appraisal in health-related qualitative evidence syntheses, with endorsement from the Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group. The tool is recommended for novice qualitative researchers, but there is little existing guidance on its application. This article considers issues related to the suitability and usability of the CASP tool for quality appraisal in qualitative evidence synthesis in order to support and improve future appraisal exercises framed by the tool. We reflect on our practical experience of using the tool in a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. We discuss why it is worth considering a study’s underlying theoretical, ontological and epistemological framework and how this could be incorporated into the tool by way of a novel question. We consider how particular features of the tool may impact its interpretation, the appraisal results and the subsequent synthesis. We discuss how to use quality appraisal results to inform the next stages of evidence synthesis and present a novel approach to organising the synthesis, whereby studies deemed to be of higher quality contribute relatively more to the synthesis. We propose tool modifications, user guidance, and areas for future methodological research.

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