scholarly journals Direct medical costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Philippines: findings from two hospital databases and physician surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e049737
Author(s):  
Cecilia Jimeno ◽  
Rosa Allyn Sy ◽  
Pepito De La Pena ◽  
Chritopher Cipriano ◽  
Rima Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Good Control ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Control Range

ObjectiveTo estimate the annual direct medical cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in hospitals and outpatient care clinics from a healthcare payer perspective in the Philippines.Design and participants(1) A review of electronic hospital records of people with T2DM in two tertiary hospitals—Ospital ng Makati (OsMak) and National Kidney and Transplant Institute (NKTI) and (2) a cross-sectional survey with 50 physicians providing outpatient care for people with T2DM.SettingPrimary, secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Metro Manila.Outcome measuresCost of managing T2DM and its related complications in US dollars (USD) in 2016.ResultsA total of 1023 and 1378 people were identified in OsMak and NKTI, with a complication rate of 66% and 74%, respectively. In both institutions, the average annual cost per person was higher if individuals were diagnosed with any complication (NKTI: US$3226 vs US$2242 and OsMak: US$621 vs US$127). Poor diabetes control was estimated to incur higher per person cost than good control in both public outpatient care (poor control, range: US$727 to US$2463 vs good control, range: US$614 to US$1520) and private outpatient care (poor control, range: US$848 to US$2507 vs good control, range: US$807 to US$1603).ConclusionThe results highlight the high direct medical cost resulting from poor diabetes control and the opportunity for cost reduction by improving control and preventing its complications.

High HBA1C Level Is Associated With Low Heamoglobin Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafooza Rashid ◽  
B. K. Gupta, Vinay Bharat ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Zubair Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the hemoglobin levels among normal controls (patients) and patients of TypeII diabetes with HbA1c levels below 7 % & above 7 %.and secondly to identify the undetected cases of anemia in TypeII diabetes. Materials & Methods - 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels less than 7 %, 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels more than 7 % attending the Medicine outpatient department of Subharti Medical College and Hospital will be the subjects for the study.50 age and sex matched controls will be selected randomly from Subharti Medical College and Hospital. Informed written consent will be taken from all the subjects. The study will be conducted from January 2016 to January. Result - We studied 50 cases with HbA1C>7(poor control),50 cases with HbA1C 5.6 to7 (good control) and 50 controls with HbA1C ≤5.6, we observed in cases with HbA1C>7 (poorly control) ,the mean HbA1C is 9.9±2 and mean Hb is 9.8±1.3 as compared to cases with HbA1C 5.6 to 7(good control) where mean HbA1C is 6±0.4 and Hb is 13±0.5,this clearly indicates that in cases HbA1C is more Hb levels are low and when HbA1C is less Hb levels are higher. Conclusion - In the present study we found negative correlation between HbA1c & Hb levels. As the value of HbA1c increases, as in cases of HbA1c >7(poor diabetic control), we found low Hb levels as compared to the cases with HbA1c <7(5.6-7) (good control).

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Vitamin C

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Shabzain Ishrat ◽  
Talea Hoor ◽  
Mohammed Sajid Abbas Jaffri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which deteriorates the quality of life with time. Type 2 DM accounts for more than 90% cases of diabetes mellitus as compared to other types of this disease. There is significant oxidative stress in type 2 DM which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of disease. In order to combat this oxidative stress antioxidant supplements have to be added as add on therapy along with treatment of type 2 DM. Vitamin C is the safest antioxidant which plays significant role in diminishing the oxidative stress. The vitamin C supplementation have good control of FBS and HbA1c and therefore helps in achieving better glycemic control along with prevention of lipid abnormalities.

scholarly journals How Do Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Chronic Complications Impact Direct Medical Cost in Four Major Cities of Urban China?

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibing Wang ◽  
Chao Wei Fu ◽  
Chang Yu Pan ◽  
Weiqing Chen ◽  
Siyan Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Chronic Complications

scholarly journals Micro and macro vascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatient care

Rev Rene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Valéria Cristina Delfino de Almeida ◽  
Samila Torquato Araújo ◽  
Francisca Daiana da Silva Negreiros ◽  
Maria Isis Freire de Aguiar ◽  
Tatiana Rebouças Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Vascular Complications

Lipid peroxidation is associated with poor control of type-2 diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. S64-S67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Hassan Fatani ◽  
Abdullatif Taha Babakr ◽  
EssamEldin Mohamed NourEldin ◽  
Abdalla A. Almarzouki
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Poor Control

scholarly journals Pengendalian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Pasien di Puskesmas Jayabaru Kota Banda Aceh

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Nur Ramadhan ◽  
Nelly Marissa ◽  
Eka Fitria ◽  
Veny Wilya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Banda Aceh ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that affects many people of the world, including Indonesia. To prevent complications, a good control of DM is needed by patients, one of them is controlling blood sugar and keeping blood pressure stable. DM is reported in Banda Aceh as one of diseases with the highest number of visits every year. The purpose of this study was to determine the achievements of DM control by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas Jayabaru Banda Aceh. The study used a cross sectional design and a sample of 85 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas Jayabaru in 2015. The results showed 81.2% HbA1c value ≥ 7%, 80% fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 100 mg/dl, 85.9% of the value post prandial plasma glucose ≥ 140 mg/dl and 58.8% blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg. Of the 85 patients only 7 showed good DM control results. This illustrates that DM control achievement is still below the cut-off value set by PERKENI. Counseling to patients and families is needed to improve the management of type 2 DM by patients. Abstrak Abstrak Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik yang banyak diderita penduduk dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Untuk mencegah terjadi komplikasi diperlukan pengendalian DM yang baik oleh penderita, salah satunya dengan mengontrol gula darah dan menjaga tekanan darah tetap stabil. Penyakit DM dilaporkan di Kota Banda Aceh sebagai salah satu penyakit dengan angka kunjungan terbanyak setiap tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui capaian pengendalian DM oleh penderita DM tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jayabaru Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang dan sampel berjumlah 85 orang penderita DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Jayabaru tahun 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 81,2% nilai HbA1c ≥ 7%, 80% nilai GDP ≥ 100 mg/dl, 85,9% nilai GD 2 jam PP ≥ 140 mg/dl, 58,8% dan tekanan darah ≥ 130. Dari 85 pasien hanya tujuh orang yang menunjukkan hasil pengendalian DM yang baik. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa capaian pengendalian DM masih di bawah nilai cut off yang ditetapkan Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia (PERKENI). Penyuluhan kepada pasien dan keluarga sangat dibutuhkan untuk memperbaiki pengelolaan DM tipe 2 oleh penderita.

scholarly journals Direct Medical Cost of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Complications in Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Budi Hidayat ◽  
Royasia Viki Ramadani ◽  
Achmad Rudijanto ◽  
Pradana Soewondo ◽  
Ketut Suastika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Medical Cost
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